Age and size outperform topographic effects on growth-climate responses of trees in two Central European coniferous forest types

2021 ◽  
pp. 125845
Author(s):  
Jiří Mašek ◽  
Jan Tumajer ◽  
Miloš Rydval ◽  
Jelena Lange ◽  
Václav Treml
Keyword(s):  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Topographic Effects ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Central European ◽  
Climate Responses

scholarly journals Effects of Urban Forest Types and Traits on Soil Organic Carbon Stock in Beijing

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 394
Author(s):  
Xinhui Xu ◽  
Zhenkai Sun ◽  
Zezhou Hao ◽  
Qi Bian ◽  
Kaiyue Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
Urban Forests ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Organic Carbon Stock

Forests can affect soil organic carbon (SOC) quality and distribution through forest types and traits. However, much less is known about the influence of urban forests on SOC, especially in the effects of different forest types, such as coniferous and broadleaved forests. Our objectives were to assess the effects of urban forest types on the variability of SOC content (SOC concentration (SOCC) and SOC density (SOCD)) and determine the key forest traits influencing SOC. Data from 168 urban forest plots of coniferous or broadleaved forests located in the Beijing urban area were used to predict the effects of forest types and traits on SOC in three different soil layers, 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, and 20–30 cm. The analysis of variance and multiple comparisons were used to test the differences in SOC between forest types or layers. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was used to explain the influence of forest traits on SOC and select the significant predictors. Our results showed that in urban forests, the SOCC and SOCD values of the coniferous forest group were both significantly higher than those of the broadleaved group. The SOCC of the surface soil was significantly higher than those of the following two deep layers. In PLSR models, 42.07% of the SOCC variance and 35.83% of the SOCD variance were explained by forest traits. Diameter at breast height was selected as the best predictor variable by comparing variable importance in projection (VIP) scores in the models. The results suggest that forest types and traits could be used as an optional approach to assess the organic carbon stock in urban forest soils. This study found substantial effects of urban forest types and traits on soil organic carbon sequestration, which provides important data support for urban forest planning and management.

scholarly journals Consequences of Climate Change-Induced Habitat Conversions on Red Wood Ants in a Central European Mountain: A Case Study

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1677
Author(s):  
Orsolya Juhász ◽  
Ágnes Fürjes-Mikó ◽  
Anna Tenyér ◽  
Anna Ágnes Somogyi ◽  
Dianne Joy Aguilon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Central European ◽  
Formica Polyctena ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Red Wood Ants ◽  
Wood Ants

The consequences of anthropogenic climate change are one of the major concerns of conservation biology. A cascade of negative effects is expected to affect various ecosystems, one of which is Central European coniferous forests and their unique biota. These coniferous forests are the primary habitat of many forest specialist species such as red wood ants. Climate change-induced rising of temperature allows trees to skip winter hibernation, making them more vulnerable to storms that cause wind felling, and in turn, promotes bark beetle infestations that results in unscheduled clear-cuttings. Red wood ants can also be exposed to such habitat changes. We investigated the effects of bark beetle-induced clear-cutting and the absence of coniferous trees on colonies of Formica polyctena, including a mixed-coniferous forest as a reference. Our aim was to investigate how these habitat features affect the nest characteristics and nesting habits of F. polyctena. Our results indicate that, in the absence of conifers, F. polyctena tend to use different alternatives for nest material, colony structure, and food sources. However, the vitality of F. polyctena colonies significantly decreased (smaller nest mound volumes). Our study highlights the ecological flexibility of this forest specialist and its potential to survive under extreme conditions.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF PINUS SYLVESTRIS L. TRUNK DIAMETER BASED ON STUMP DIAMETER IN DIFFERENT BOREAL CONIFEROUS FOREST CONDITIONS OF PERMSKII KRAI (RUSSIA)

AGROFOR ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr ROMANOV ◽  
Victoria BUTORINA
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Urban Forestry ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Forest Plot ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Trunk Diameter

Sometimes there are situations when it is necessary to determine the size of cutlogs in the logging area in its absence. Mostly such situations arise in the detectionof illegal logging. They can also occur in the case legal harvesting, when the tenantof a forest plot does not receive the scheduled volumes of timber for which he paidthe money. In this case, the diameters of the felled trees are determined by the treestumps. Recalculation of diameters is carried out on special tables developed in theearly 20th century. Studies conducted in Krasnoyarsk, Khabarovsk, Bryansk(Russia), Gomel (Belarus), showed the need to refine the data of scaling tables forlocal conditions. Large discrepancies between actual and tabular trees appear withthe increasing diameter of the tree. Studies of the relation of the formation of thebutt log of pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in the Perm region was carried out in 2015-2016. Forest plots were selected in different forest types of the middle taiga(Nirobskii forestry) and southern taiga (Perm urban forestry). Measurement of treeswas carried out in pure pine stands at the age of 75-130 years. The stand density ofthe plantings was of 0.6-0.8. In each forest type the replication of studies wasthreefold. Studies have shown that trunks of pines formed a fuller bole in the Permregion, than the established scaling tables. For trees 40cm in diameter,recalculation leads to underestimation of the pine tree trunk diameter by 1-2diameter class. That is understating the actual volume of felled tree by (16-20 %).There were no significant differences in the formation of the pine bole between theforest zones or by the corresponding types of forest. Also, there were no significantdifferences between forest types, which allows using a single conversion scale forthe taiga part of the Perm Territory. Due to the fact that the relative completenessof the comparative stands were close, the influence of the distance between thetrees on the development of the butt of pine trunks was not detected.

Influence of season, sex, and site availability on fisher (Martes pennanti) rest-site selection in the central hardwood forest

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 1416-1419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard J. Kilpatrick ◽  
Paul W. Rego
Keyword(s):  
Site Selection ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Range Data ◽  
Martes Pennanti ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Restrict Movement ◽  
Rest Sites ◽  
Site Types

We monitored 20 adult fishers (8 males, 12 females) to investigate the effects of season, sex, and site availability on rest-site selection by fishers at the southern extent of their range. Data on rest-site locations (n = 219) and random sites (n = 194) were collected from December 1989 through February 1991. Fishers rested in hardwood, softwood, and mixedwood forest types in proportion to their availability in summer; however, hardwoods were used less than expected in winter. Fishers used nests, cavities, and burrows in proportion to their availability in winter. In summer, however, nests were selected twice as often as expected, cavities were used less than expected, and burrows were not used. Male fishers tended to use larger cavity trees and mixed forest stands more often than females did. In winter, fishers were not restricted to coniferous forest types, as occurs at the northern extent of their range, because moderate snow depths did not restrict movement and prey may have been more available in other forest types. Fishers appeared to select rest-site types most suitable for thermoregulation and obtaining prey. Trees with diameter at breast height ≥ 32 cm may provide cavities for rest sites in hardwood-dominated forests.

scholarly journals Comparing soil inventory with modelling: Carbon balance in central European forest soils varies among forest types

2019 ◽  
Vol 647 ◽  
pp. 1573-1585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Ziche ◽  
Erik Grüneberg ◽  
Lutz Hilbrig ◽  
Juliane Höhle ◽  
Thomas Kompa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Central European ◽  
European Forest

Soil CO2 efflux among four coniferous forest types of Kashmir Himalaya, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 187 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javid Ahmad Dar ◽  
Khursheed Ahmad Ganie ◽  
Somaiah Sundarapandian
Keyword(s):  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Soil Co2 Efflux ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Kashmir Himalaya ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Forest Types

scholarly journals The Spatiotemporal Pattern of the Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) on the Canopies of Various Forest Types in the Exurban National Park: A Case in Ningbo City, Eastern China

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufeng Chi ◽  
Shudi Zuo ◽  
Yin Ren ◽  
Kaichao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Aerosol Optical Depth ◽  
Optical Depth ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Average Growth Rate ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Broad Leaved Forest ◽  
Leaved Forest

The spatiotemporal distribution pattern of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) is influenced by many environmental factors, such as meteorological condition changes, atmospheric pollution, and topographic changes. Understanding the relationship between the vegetation land cover and the AOD would favor the improvement of forest ecosystem services. This quantitative research integrated remote sensing and ground survey data and used spatial statistical methods to explore the drivers that influence the AOD of the exurban national forest park and analyze the differences between various forest types. The driver analysis was carried out in the hot (Z ≥ 1.64) and cold (Z ≤ −1.64) spots of AOD in 2010 and 2017. Our results showed that (1) the forest type was proved to be the main factor contributing to the AOD pattern and (2) from 2010 to 2017, the average growth rate of broad-leaved forest, coniferous forest, bamboo, and shrub in hot spots was significantly higher than that in cold spots, while there was no significant difference in the mixed forest. The average growth rate of biomass densities of bamboo, coniferous forest, and mixed forest were higher than that of the shrub and broad-leaved forest. These findings provided the guidance for the rational allocation of tree species to increase the biomass and improve the ecosystem service values of forest parks.

Concrete Frost along an Elevational Gradient in New Hampshire

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 700-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Fahey ◽  
Gerald E. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Transition Zone ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Soil Frost ◽  
Sample Points

The occurrence and duration of concrete frost were observed at 28 forested sites along an elevational gradient on a New Hampshire mountain. The presence of concrete frost was determined with an aluminum probe on 17 dates between November 1973 and June 1974. Concrete frost was found at all sample points in soils of coniferous forest ecosystems above 950-m elevation from mid-November to mid-May; some concrete frost remained into early June. Concrete frost occurred at most sample points in soils of transition zone forests that were composed of mixed hardwoods and conifers for 4 months, in soils of northern hardwoods forests for 2 months, and in soils of successional fir stands at low elevations for 4 months. Winter weather conditions and differences in leaf litter insulation probably accounted for the variation of soil frost beneath these forest types.

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