Calprotectin and calgranulin C serum levels in bacterial sepsis

AbstractIn this study, IL-6 levels were assessed as inflammatory biomarker of bacterial sepsis in patients hospitalized at the ICU of the hospital of Colombia.Materials and methodsProspective study on 62 patients diagnosed with sepsis and septic shock. An ELISA assay was used to test serum levels of IL-6 at admission and 48 h after admission. Variables were analyzed by χ2 test (alfa <0.05). Multivariable Cox regression was used to determine the survival with the statistical program SPSS v23.00.ResultsPatient's median age was 53 years old and 59.7% were male. Lung was the most common primary site of infection (43.5%), and hypertension comorbidity with higher prevalence (40%). Infection by Gram negative bacteria were significantly more frequent among patients than Gram positive (P = 0.037). Overall, survival analysis showed that 10 (16.1%) patients died with a survival median of 7.00 +4.874 (2–3) days. In patients with sepsis we detected a significant decline in the average of IL-6 serum levels after 48 h of admission [7.50 (SD: 7.00–68.00) pg/mL vs. 68.00 [SD: 7.00–300.00] pg/mL (P = 0.000). Only 25% of patients with septic shock who presented high levels of IL-6 at the time of admission and at 48 h had a survival up to 15 days (P = 0.005).ConclusionWe found significant differences between the plasma levels of IL-6 during the first 48 h after admission to the ICU among patients with sepsis and septic shock. Patients with sepsis had a significant decline in IL-6 levels, whereas in patients who developed septic shock, levels of this cytokine remained high and have a lower survival compared to those who maintained low levels of IL-6.

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The Role of Serum Procalcitonin in Predicting Bacterial Sepsis in Patients With Hypothyroidism

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2019-01082 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 104 (12) ◽

pp. 5915-5922

Author(s):

Aditya S Shirali ◽

James X Wu ◽

Catherine Y Zhu ◽

Alfonso Ocampo ◽

Chi-Hong Tseng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Septic Shock ◽

Test Performance ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Primary Hypothyroidism ◽

Bacterial Sepsis ◽

Thyroid C Cells ◽

Failure Assessment ◽

History Of ◽

Sepsis And Septic Shock ◽

Design And Methods

Abstract Context Serum levels of procalcitonin (PCT), a protein produced by the thyroid C cells under physiologic conditions, are high during sepsis. Objective To assess the test performance of serum PCT in predicting bacterial sepsis and septic shock in patients with hypothyroidism compared with those who have euthyroidism. Design and Methods This retrospective study evaluated patients with no history of thyroid dysfunction (euthyroid), primary hypothyroidism [medical hypothyroidism (MH)], and postsurgical hypothyroidism from total thyroidectomy (TT) identified from a prospectively maintained database who had PCT testing from 2005 to 2018. Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score ≥ 2 or positive bacterial cultures identified bacterial sepsis, and a mean arterial pressure less than 65 mm Hg or a vasopressor requirement defined septic shock. Sensitivity and specificity of PCT for evaluation of bacterial sepsis and septic shock were measured. Results We identified 217 euthyroid patients, 197 patients with MH, and 84 patients with TT. Bacterial sepsis was found in 98 (45.2%), 92 (46.7%), and 36 (42.9%) of these patients, respectively (P > 0.05). Septic shock was identified in 13 (6.0%), 13 (6.6%), and 5 (6.0%) patients (P > 0.05), respectively. With use of a PCT cutoff of 0.5 µg/L for bacterial sepsis, the sensitivity was 59%, 61%, and 53% (P > 0.05) and specificity was 81%, 77%, and 81% (P > 0.05) for the diagnosis of bacterial sepsis in euthyroid, MH, and TT patients, respectively. With use of a PCT cutoff of 2.0 µg/L for septic shock, the sensitivity was 46%, 62%, and 63% (P > 0.05) and specificity was 86%, 82%, and 91% (P > 0.05) for the diagnosis of septic shock in these patients, respectively. Conclusions Despite the thyroidal origin of PCT, hypothyroidism did not affect the diagnostic performance of serum PCT levels in predicting bacterial sepsis or septic shock.

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The role of HMGB1 in invasive Candida albicans infection

10.1101/2020.01.21.914895 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jiaojiao Wang ◽

Chuanxin Wu ◽

Yunying Wang ◽

Chongxiang Chen ◽

Jing Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Pyruvate ◽

Survival Rates ◽

High Mobility ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Bacterial Sepsis ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Hmgb1 Expression ◽

Factor Α

AbstractBackgroundHigh mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an important “late” inflammatory mediator in bacterial sepsis. Ethyl pyruvate (EP), an inhibitor of HMGB1, can prevent bacterial sepsis by decreasing HMGB1 levels. However, the role of HMGB1 in fungal sepsis is still unclear. Therefore, we investigated the role of HMGB1 and EP in invasive C. albicans infection.MethodsWe measured serum HMGB1 levels in patients with sepsis with C. albicans infection and without fungal infection, and control subjects. We collected clinical indices to estimate correlations between HMGB1 levels and disease severity. Furthermore, we experimentally stimulated mice with C. albicans and C. albicans + EP. Then, we examined HMGB1 levels from serum and tissue, investigated serum levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), determined pathological changes in tissues, and assessed mortality.ResultsSerum HMGB1 levels in patients with severe sepsis with C. albicans infection were elevated. Increased HMGB1 levels were correlated with procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), 1,3-β-D-Glucan (BDG) and C. albicans sepsis severity. HMGB1 levels in serum and tissues were significantly increased within seven days after mice were infected with C. albicans. The administration of EP inhibited HMGB1 levels, decreased tissue damage, increased survival rates and inhibited the release of TNF-α and IL-6.ConclusionsHMGB1 levels were significantly increased in invasive C. albicans infections. EP prevented C. albicans lethality by decreasing HMGB1 expression and release. HMGB1 may provide an effective diagnostic and therapeutic target for invasive C. albicans infections.

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Nucleolar Segregation and Chronic Methanol Intoxication

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100063718 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 360-361

Author(s):

Julio H. Garcia ◽

Janice P. Van Zandt

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Methyl Alcohol ◽

Rhesus Monkeys ◽

Repeated Administration ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Methanol Intoxication ◽

Intragastric Tube ◽

Nucleolar Segregation

Repeated administration of methyl alcohol to Rhesus monkeys (Maccaca mulata) by intragastric tube resulted in ultrastructural abnormalities of hepatocytes, which persisted in one animal twelve weeks after discontinuation of the methyl alcohol regime. With dosages ranging between 3.0 to 6.0 gms. of methanol per kg. of body weight, the serum levels attained within a few hours averaged approximately 475 mg. per cent.

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