The combined effects of parental divorce and parental history of depression on cannabis use in young adults in France

BackgroundThe young Indian population, which constitutes 65% of the country, is fast adapting to a new lifestyle, which was not known earlier. They are at a high risk of the increasing burden of diabetes and associated complications. The new evolving lifestyle is not only affecting people’s health but also mounting the monetary burden on a developing country such as India.AimWe aimed to collect information regarding the prevalence of risk of diabetes in young adults (<35 years) in the 29 most populous states and union territories (7 zones) of India, using a validated questionnaire.MethodsA user-friendly questionnaire-based survey using a mobile application was conducted on all adults in the 29 most populous states/union territories of India, after obtaining ethical clearance for the study. Here, we report the estimation of the prevalence of the risk of diabetes and self-reported diabetes on 58,821 young individuals below the age of 35 years. Risk for diabetes was assessed using a standardized instrument, the Indian diabetes risk score (IDRS), that has 4 factors (age, family history of diabetes, waist circumference, and physical activity). Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to check the correlations.ResultsThe prevalence of high (IDRS score > 60), moderate (IDRS score 30–50), and low (IDRS < 30) diabetes risk in young adults (<35 years) was 10.2%, 33.1%, and 56.7%, respectively. Those with high-risk scores were highest (14.4%) in the Jammu zone and lowest (4.1%) in the central zone. The prevalence of self-reported diabetes was 1.8% with a small difference between men (1.7%) and women (1.9%), and the highest (8.4%) in those with a parental history of diabetes. The south zone had the highest (2.5%), and the north west zone had the lowest (4.4%) prevalence.ConclusionsIndian youth are at high risk for diabetes, which calls for an urgent action plan through intensive efforts to promote lifestyle behavior modifications during the pandemics of both communicable and noncommunicable diseases.

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Comparison of heart rate recovery between normotensive young adults with and without a parental history of hypertension

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v11i3.27569 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 31-36

Author(s):

Satyajit Bagudai ◽

Hari Prasad Upadhyay

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Young Adults ◽

Heart Rate Recovery ◽

Step Test ◽

Exercise Heart Rate ◽

Parental History ◽

Recovery Index ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of ◽

The Difference

Introduction: Studies have reported that off springs of hypertensive parents are more likely to develop hypertension. Affection of target organ starts even before the diagnosis of hypertension. Autonomic dysfunction may be the initial cardiac effects in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Till now very few studies have been done to find the early outcomes in the cardiac autonomic functions in the normotensive siblings of hypertensive patients. Heart rate recovery after exercise is a useful marker for cardiac autonomic function. Since the etio-pathogenesis of hypertension is expected to affect the autonomic cardiovascular parameters even before the prehypertensive stage, the following study was carried out to analyze the heart rate recovery, in the descendent non- hypertensive young adults with and without parental history of hypertension. Aim and objective: This research study was aimed to study the quantify and compare the difference (if any) of heart rate recovery in response to 3minute step test between non hypertensive children of non- hypertensive and hypertensive parents within an age group of 18-22 years. Material &Methods: A total of 63 normotensive students were divided into one hypertensive parents(HP) group containing students with parental history of hypertension) and one non hypertensive parents group (NHP) having students without parental history of hypertension). Each student was subjected to 3 minute Master step test. Recordings of heart rate were made before and after exercise. Heart rate recovery index (HRRI) of 1minute (HRRI1), as well as in 2, 3 and 4 minute (HRRI2, HRRI3, HRRI4) were calculated and analyzed. Results: The resting (basal) heart rate as well as 1st minute heart rate recovery index (HRRI1) was not significantly different in the two groups. Likewise, the 2nd minute (HRRI2), 3rd minute (HRRI3), and 4th minute HRRI (HRR4) respectively were also not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: This study concluded that there is no significant difference in heart rate recovery among non-hypertensive young adults, with and without parental history of hypertension.

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Maternal Partner Criminality and Cannabis use in Young Adulthood: Prospective Study

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1080/00048670701341897 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

pp. 546-553 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mohammad R. Hayatbakhsh ◽

Stuart A. Kinner ◽

Konrad Jamrozik ◽

Jake M. Najman ◽

Abdullah A. Mamun

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Young Adulthood ◽

Early Adulthood ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Mater Hospital ◽

Frequent Use ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of

Objectives: The present study examined whether the experience of the arrest or incarceration of a mother's partner before a child reached 14 years of age was associated with use of cannabis in early adulthood and, if so, whether this association was confounded or mediated by other factors. Method: Data were from the Mater Hospital University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy, a prospective birth cohort study in Brisbane, Australia. The history of partner arrest and incarceration was reported by mothers at the 14 year follow up. Mothers were divided into four groups: mothers whose partner had no history of arrest or incarceration, mothers reporting partner arrest, mothers reporting partner incarceration, and unpartnered mothers. Young adults’ cannabis use was assessed at 21 years. Other covariates were prospectively measured between birth and 14 years. Results: After controlling for potential confounding and mediating factors, frequent use of cannabis at age 21 was more likely among young adults with a history of maternal partner arrest (odds ratio=2.3; 95% confidence interval: 1.4–3.8). There was no significant association between maternal partner incarceration or single motherhood, and cannabis use at age 21. Conclusions: Arrest of the mother's partner before the child is 14 is associated with that child's increased cannabis use at age 21 but this does not appear to be the case for children whose fathers have been imprisoned. It appears that for children whose fathers have been arrested, the father's ongoing presence in the family may result in worse outcomes for the child, including an increased risk of cannabis use in young adulthood.

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Childhood or adolescent parental divorce/separation, parental history of alcohol problems, and offspring lifetime alcohol dependence

Drug and Alcohol Dependence ◽

10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.06.011 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 98 (3) ◽

pp. 264-269 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

Ronald G. Thompson ◽

Dana Lizardi ◽

Katherine M. Keyes ◽

Deborah S. Hasin

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Dependence ◽

Parental Divorce ◽

Alcohol Problems ◽

Parental History ◽

History Of

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Assessment of opiate modulation of pain and nociceptive responding in young adults with a parental history of hypertension

Biological Psychology ◽

10.1016/j.biopsycho.2005.01.012 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 70 (3) ◽

pp. 168-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Christopher R. France ◽

Mustafa al’Absi ◽

Christopher Ring ◽

Janis L. France ◽

John Brose ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Parental History ◽

History Of

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Risk factors of coronary heart disease in children and young adults with parental history of premature coronary heart disease

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi43.2.2003.51-8 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 51

Author(s):

Murti Andriastuti ◽

Sudigdo Sastroasmoro ◽

Agus Firmansyah

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Young Adults ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Parental History ◽

Passive Smoker ◽

History Of ◽

Children And Young Adults

Background Morbidity and mortality of coronary heart disease(CHD) are recently increasing. This is related to changes in lifestyle,such as lack of activity and high consumption of fatty diet. Themain cause of CHD is atherosclerosis. The development of ath-erosclerosis takes a long time, is asymptomatic, and might beginin childhood. The important risk factors that have roles in increas-ing the likelihood of atherosclerosis are family history of prematureCHD, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, smoking and irregu-lar activity.Objective The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence ofCHD risk factors in children and young adults who had parentalhistory of premature CHD.Methods This was a descriptive cross sectional study conductedon offspring of premature CHD patients who were admitted in theintensive cardiology care unit (ICCU) of Cipto MangunkusumoHospital between January 1999 to December 2001 and of prema-ture CHD patients who visited the Cardiology Clinic of the Depart-ment of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital duringMarch and April 2002. Subjects were aged 12 to 25 year-old.Results Among the subjects, 40% had hyperlipidemia, 8% hadhypertension, 11% were obese, 21% were active smokers, 41%were passive smokers, and 73% had irregular activity. Ninety-sevenpercents subjects had more than 1 risk factors.Conclusions The prevalence of hyperlipidemia, hypertension,obesity, passive smoker, active smoker and irregular activity inchildren and young adults with parental history of premature CHDin this study were higher than those in the normal population.Most had more than 1 risk factor, increasing the likelihood of CHD.A screening test should be performed on children with parentalhistory of premature CHD so that early preventive measures mightbe done to minimize the risk factors

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