Diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and physical activity among Ethiopians: A systematic review

Author(s):  
Bayu Begashaw Bekele ◽  
Md Dilshad Manzar ◽  
Mazen Alqahtani ◽  
Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal
Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 946
Author(s):  
María Cristina Azcona-Sanjulian

Obesity is a chronic disease, which needs to be early detected early and treated in order prevent its complications. Changes in telomere length (TL) have been associated with obesity and its complications, such as diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review to summarize results of studies that have measured TL in children and adolescents with obesity. Fourteen studies aiming to assess TL in pediatric patients with either obesity or who were overweight were included in this review. In conclusion, obesity and adiposity parameters are negatively associated with TL. Shorter telomeres are observed in children with obesity compared with their lean counterparts. Factors involved in obesity etiology, such as diet and physical activity, may contribute to maintenance of TL integrity. In the long term, TL change could be used as a biomarker to predict response to obesity treatment.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Marina Rodríguez Cintas ◽  
Sara Márquez ◽  
Javier González Gallego

BACKGROUND: Sedentarism is an important modifiable risk factor in the struggle against cancer. In the last decades, the relationship between physical activity and different types of cancer has been investigated in depth. OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of the literature on the effectiveness of physical activity in reducing the risk to develop bladder cancer and improving health-related quality of life in patients. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted through a search of the Embase, Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (WOS) databases to seek information and PRISMA system to delimitate the research. Outcomes included in searches were physical activity, tobacco consumption, obesity, body mass index, and metabolic syndrome, associated with bladder cancer and quality of life. RESULTS: Database searches identified 394 records, of which 75 were duplicated. A total of 280 articles were excluded based on abstract screening. An additional 16 full-text articles were excluded because they did not meet the eligibility criteria. Overall, 21 of the 23 studies included in the review reported beneficial effects of physical activity in bladder cancer. The majority of papers found that physical activity is a significant factor in reducing the risk of bladder cancer. Moreover, physical activity improves health-related quality of life in bladder cancer survivors, and diminishes both recurrence and mortality in those who engage in regular activity. Lastly, physical inactivity is associated with increased body mass index, obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and unfavourable energy balance, which led to a greater probability of suffering from bladder cancer. CONCLUSIONS: These data reinforce the importance of promoting a healthy lifestyle to reduce the risk of bladder cancer and to improve survivorship and health-related quality of life of patients.


2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiwik Agustina ◽  
Ekawarsih Lampah

Abstract : Central obesity is a public health problem that can occur in the world. Central obesity is one of the causes of degenerative diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, cancer, sleep apnea, and metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is a condition in which a person develops hypertension, central obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance at the same time. Degenerative diseases are influenced by many factors: age, physical activity, emotional mental state, nutrition and hormonal contraceptive use. This study aims to determine the determinant factors of central obesity. The study design used was descriptive explorative. The sample of research is 40 respondents. The selected sample corresponds to the inclusion criteria.Prevalence of central obesity in Sukun Kota Malang counted 40 respondents, with result almost all respondents 90% have age which is at risk of central obesity, physical activity almost half of respondents 53% have aktvitas physical and 47% have activity light, emotional mental condition most of respondent 65% have normal emotional mental condition, nutrition most respondents 63% have normal nutrition, and hormonal contraceptive use most of respondents 67% of hormonal contraceptive users. It was concluded that the most common risk factor in obese people in Puskesmas  Ciptomulyo  Kecamatan  Sukun  Kota  Malang, was the age factor, so it can be suggested to the public to further increase physical activity, and switch to using non-hormonal contraception.Key Word : central obesity, risk factor Abstrak : Obesitas  sentral  merupakan  masalah  kesehatan  masyarakat  yang  dapat   terjadi  di  dunia.  Obesitas  sentral  merupakan  salah  satu  penyebab  terjadinya  penyakit – penyakit  degeneratif seperti  diabetes  mellitus  tipe  2,  dyslipidemia,  penyakit  kardiovaskular,  hipertensi,  kanker,  sleep  apnea,  dan  sindrom  metabolic. Sindrom  metabolik  adalah  kondisi  dimana  seseorang  mengalami hipertensi,  obesitas  sentral,  dyslipidemia,  dan  resistensi  insulin  pada  waktu  yang  bersamaan. Penyakit degenerative dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor yaitu usia, aktivitas  fisik, kondisi  mental  emosional, nutrisi dan  penggunaan  kontrasepsi  hormonal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui  faktor determinan terjadinya obesitas sentral. Desain  studi   yang  digunakan  adalah deskriptif eksploratif. Sampel  penelitian  sebanyak 40  responden. Sampel yang dipilih sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Prevalensi obesitas  sentral  di Sukun Kota Malang sebanyak 40 responden, dengan hasil hampir seluruh responden  90% memiliki  usia  yang  berisiko mengalami obesitas sentral, aktivitas  fisik    hampir setengah responden  53%  memiliki aktvitas fisik sedang  dan 47%  memiliki  aktivitas  ringan, kondisi  mental  emosional  sebagian  besar responden 65%  memiliki  kondisi  mental  emosional  normal, nutrisi  sebagian  besar responden  63%  memiliki nutrisi normal, dan penggunaan  kontrasepsi  hormonal  sebagian besar responden  67%  pengguna  kontrasepsi  hormonal meningkat. Disimpulkan  bahwa faktor risiko yang paling banyak ditemukan pada orang yang mengalami obesitas di  Puskesmas  Ciptomulyo  Kecamatan  Sukun  Kota  Malang adalah faktor usia dengan demikian dapat disarankan kepada masyarakat agar lebih aktivitas fisik, dan beralih menggunakan kontrasepsi yang tidak mengandung hormon.Kata Kunci : obesitas sentral, faktor risiko


2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1091-1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Cristina Gil-Díaz ◽  
Jennifer Raynor ◽  
Kimberly O. O’Brien ◽  
George J. Schwartz ◽  
David R. Weber

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1043-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Camilo Turi ◽  
Jamile Sanches Codogno ◽  
Rômulo Araújo Fernandes ◽  
Henrique Luiz Monteiro

Abstract This study investigated whether low levels of physical activity in different domains is associated with risk factors for the occurrence of metabolic syndrome or metabolic syndrome itself. Habitual physical activity level was assessed among 963 participants, aged 50 years old or more, using Baecke’s questionnaire. Risk factors for metabolic syndrome followed the recommendations of “The IDF Consensus Worldwide Definition of the Metabolic Syndrome”. All the participants were users of the Brazilian Public Healthcare System. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 30.9%. Participants with lower levels of physical activity in leisure-time had higher chances of occurrence of diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and metabolic syndrome. Occurrence of arterial hypertension was associated with lower levels of sports activities. It was found high rates of risk indicators for the occurrence of metabolic syndrome, as well as for diseases alone as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity. Lower involvement in physical activity in different domains increases the prevalence of risk factors for metabolic syndrome.


2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Cantiello ◽  
Antonio Cicione ◽  
Andrea Salonia ◽  
Riccardo Autorino ◽  
Cosimo De Nunzio ◽  
...  

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