scholarly journals Telomere Length and Pediatric Obesity: A Review

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 946
Author(s):  
María Cristina Azcona-Sanjulian
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Pediatric Obesity ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity

Obesity is a chronic disease, which needs to be early detected early and treated in order prevent its complications. Changes in telomere length (TL) have been associated with obesity and its complications, such as diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review to summarize results of studies that have measured TL in children and adolescents with obesity. Fourteen studies aiming to assess TL in pediatric patients with either obesity or who were overweight were included in this review. In conclusion, obesity and adiposity parameters are negatively associated with TL. Shorter telomeres are observed in children with obesity compared with their lean counterparts. Factors involved in obesity etiology, such as diet and physical activity, may contribute to maintenance of TL integrity. In the long term, TL change could be used as a biomarker to predict response to obesity treatment.

scholarly journals Associations of Diet and Physical Activity with Risk for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovana Mijatovic-Vukas ◽  
Louise Capling ◽  
Sonia Cheng ◽  
Emmanuel Stamatakis ◽  
Jimmy Louie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity

scholarly journals The Acceptability, Feasibility and Effectiveness of Wearable Activity Trackers for Increasing Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6211
Author(s):  
Amy V. Creaser ◽  
Stacy A. Clemes ◽  
Silvia Costa ◽  
Jennifer Hall ◽  
Nicola D. Ridgers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Start Date ◽  
Activity Trackers ◽  
Wearable Activity Trackers

Wearable activity trackers (wearables) embed numerous behaviour change techniques (BCTs) that have previously been shown to increase adult physical activity (PA). With few children and adolescents achieving PA guidelines, it is crucial to explore ways to increase their PA. This systematic review examined the acceptability, feasibility, and effectiveness of wearables and their potential mechanisms of action for increasing PA in 5 to 19-year-olds. A systematic search of six databases was conducted, including data from the start date of each database to December 2019 (PROSPERO registration: CRD42020164506). Thirty-three studies were included. Most studies (70%) included only adolescents (10 to 19 years). There was some—but largely mixed—evidence that wearables increase steps and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA and reduce sedentary behaviour. There were no apparent differences in effectiveness based on the number of BCTs used and between studies using a wearable alone or as part of a multi-component intervention. Qualitative findings suggested wearables increased motivation to be physically active via self-monitoring, goal setting, feedback, and competition. However, children and adolescents reported technical difficulties and a novelty effect when using wearables, which may impact wearables’ long-term use. More rigorous and long-term studies investigating the acceptability, feasibility, and effectiveness of wearables in 5 to 19-year-olds are warranted.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the effectiveness of behavioural economic incentive programmes for the promotion of a healthy diet and physical activity: a protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e046035
Author(s):  
Suparee Boonmanunt ◽  
Oraluck Pattanaprateep ◽  
Boonsong Ongphiphadhanakul ◽  
Gareth McKay ◽  
John Attia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Economic Incentive ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
Behavioural Economic ◽  
Meta Analyses

IntroductionObesity and being overweight are major risk factors for metabolic syndrome and non-communicable diseases. Despite the recommendation that a healthy diet and physical activity can reduce the severity of these diseases, many fail to adhere to these measures. From a behavioural economic perspective, adherence to such measures can be encouraged through financial incentives. However, additional related behavioural economic approaches may improve the effectiveness of an incentive programme. As such, we have developed a protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis to summarise the current evidence from financial incentive programmes with and without behavioural economic insights for promoting healthy diet and physical activity.Methods and analysisPrevious systematic reviews, meta-analyses and individual studies were identified from Medline and Scopus in June 2020 and will be updated until December 2020. Individual studies will be selected and data extracted by two reviewers. Disagreement will be resolved by consensus or adjudicated by a third reviewer. A descriptive analysis will summarise the effectiveness of behavioural economic incentive programmes for promoting healthy diet and physical activity. Moreover, individual studies will be pooled using network meta-analyses where possible. I2 statistics and Cochran’s Q test will be used to assess heterogeneity. Risk of bias and publication bias, if appropriate, will be evaluated, as well as the overall strength of the evidence.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval for a systematic review and meta-analysis is not required. The findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020198024.

scholarly journals Systematic Review: The Impact of Physical Activity on Risk and Health-Related Quality of Life in Bladder Cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Marina Rodríguez Cintas ◽  
Sara Márquez ◽  
Javier González Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

BACKGROUND: Sedentarism is an important modifiable risk factor in the struggle against cancer. In the last decades, the relationship between physical activity and different types of cancer has been investigated in depth. OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of the literature on the effectiveness of physical activity in reducing the risk to develop bladder cancer and improving health-related quality of life in patients. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted through a search of the Embase, Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (WOS) databases to seek information and PRISMA system to delimitate the research. Outcomes included in searches were physical activity, tobacco consumption, obesity, body mass index, and metabolic syndrome, associated with bladder cancer and quality of life. RESULTS: Database searches identified 394 records, of which 75 were duplicated. A total of 280 articles were excluded based on abstract screening. An additional 16 full-text articles were excluded because they did not meet the eligibility criteria. Overall, 21 of the 23 studies included in the review reported beneficial effects of physical activity in bladder cancer. The majority of papers found that physical activity is a significant factor in reducing the risk of bladder cancer. Moreover, physical activity improves health-related quality of life in bladder cancer survivors, and diminishes both recurrence and mortality in those who engage in regular activity. Lastly, physical inactivity is associated with increased body mass index, obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and unfavourable energy balance, which led to a greater probability of suffering from bladder cancer. CONCLUSIONS: These data reinforce the importance of promoting a healthy lifestyle to reduce the risk of bladder cancer and to improve survivorship and health-related quality of life of patients.

53 - Long-Term Physical Activity Adherence After the End of an Exercise Intervention in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. S22
Author(s):  
Jane E. Booth ◽  
Jamie L. Benham ◽  
Laura E. Schinbein ◽  
Samantha K. Mcginley ◽  
Doreen M. Rabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Physical Activity Adherence

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Digital Interventions for Reducing Behavioral Risks of Cardiovascular Disease in Nonclinical Adult Populations: Systematic Review of Reviews

10.2196/19688 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. e19688
Author(s):  
Natalie Gold ◽  
Amy Yau ◽  
Benjamin Rigby ◽  
Chris Dyke ◽  
Elizabeth Alice Remfry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Digital Interventions ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
Intent To Treat

Background Digital health interventions are increasingly being used as a supplement or replacement for face-to-face services as a part of predictive prevention. They may be offered to those who are at high risk of cardiovascular disease and need to improve their diet, increase physical activity, stop smoking, or reduce alcohol consumption. Despite the popularity of these interventions, there is no overall summary and comparison of the effectiveness of different modes of delivery of a digital intervention to inform policy. Objective This review aims to summarize the effectiveness of digital interventions in improving behavioral and health outcomes related to physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, or diet in nonclinical adult populations and to identify the effectiveness of different modes of delivery of digital interventions. Methods We reviewed articles published in the English language between January 1, 2009, and February 25, 2019, that presented a systematic review with a narrative synthesis or meta-analysis of any study design examining digital intervention effectiveness; data related to adults (≥18 years) in high-income countries; and data on behavioral or health outcomes related to diet, physical activity, smoking, or alcohol, alone or in any combination. Any time frame or comparator was considered eligible. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Reviews, and gray literature. The AMSTAR-2 tool was used to assess review confidence ratings. Results We found 92 reviews from the academic literature (47 with meta-analyses) and 2 gray literature items (1 with a meta-analysis). Digital interventions were typically more effective than no intervention, but the effect sizes were small. Evidence on the effectiveness of digital interventions compared with face-to-face interventions was mixed. Most trials reported that intent-to-treat analysis and attrition rates were often high. Studies with long follow-up periods were scarce. However, we found that digital interventions may be effective for up to 6 months after the end of the intervention but that the effects dissipated by 12 months. There were small positive effects of digital interventions on smoking cessation and alcohol reduction; possible effectiveness in combined diet and physical activity interventions; no effectiveness for interventions targeting physical activity alone, except for when interventions were delivered by mobile phone, which had medium-sized effects; and no effectiveness observed for interventions targeting diet alone. Mobile interventions were particularly effective. Internet-based interventions were generally effective. Conclusions Digital interventions have small positive effects on smoking, alcohol consumption, and in interventions that target a combination of diet and physical activity. Small effects may have been due to the low efficacy of treatment or due to nonadherence. In addition, our ability to make inferences from the literature we reviewed was limited as those interventions were heterogeneous, many reviews had critically low AMSTAR-2 ratings, analysis was typically intent-to-treat, and follow-up times were relatively short. Trial Registration PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42019126074; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=126074.

scholarly journals USIA SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO YANG PALING BANYAK DITEMUKAN PADA OBESITAS DI PUSKESMAS CIPTOMULYO KECAMATAN SUKUN KOTA MALANG

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiwik Agustina ◽  
Ekawarsih Lampah
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptive ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Degenerative Diseases

Abstract : Central obesity is a public health problem that can occur in the world. Central obesity is one of the causes of degenerative diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, cancer, sleep apnea, and metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is a condition in which a person develops hypertension, central obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance at the same time. Degenerative diseases are influenced by many factors: age, physical activity, emotional mental state, nutrition and hormonal contraceptive use. This study aims to determine the determinant factors of central obesity. The study design used was descriptive explorative. The sample of research is 40 respondents. The selected sample corresponds to the inclusion criteria.Prevalence of central obesity in Sukun Kota Malang counted 40 respondents, with result almost all respondents 90% have age which is at risk of central obesity, physical activity almost half of respondents 53% have aktvitas physical and 47% have activity light, emotional mental condition most of respondent 65% have normal emotional mental condition, nutrition most respondents 63% have normal nutrition, and hormonal contraceptive use most of respondents 67% of hormonal contraceptive users. It was concluded that the most common risk factor in obese people in Puskesmas  Ciptomulyo  Kecamatan  Sukun  Kota  Malang, was the age factor, so it can be suggested to the public to further increase physical activity, and switch to using non-hormonal contraception.Key Word : central obesity, risk factor Abstrak : Obesitas  sentral  merupakan  masalah  kesehatan  masyarakat  yang  dapat   terjadi  di  dunia.  Obesitas  sentral  merupakan  salah  satu  penyebab  terjadinya  penyakit – penyakit  degeneratif seperti  diabetes  mellitus  tipe  2,  dyslipidemia,  penyakit  kardiovaskular,  hipertensi,  kanker,  sleep  apnea,  dan  sindrom  metabolic. Sindrom  metabolik  adalah  kondisi  dimana  seseorang  mengalami hipertensi,  obesitas  sentral,  dyslipidemia,  dan  resistensi  insulin  pada  waktu  yang  bersamaan. Penyakit degenerative dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor yaitu usia, aktivitas  fisik, kondisi  mental  emosional, nutrisi dan  penggunaan  kontrasepsi  hormonal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui  faktor determinan terjadinya obesitas sentral. Desain  studi   yang  digunakan  adalah deskriptif eksploratif. Sampel  penelitian  sebanyak 40  responden. Sampel yang dipilih sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Prevalensi obesitas  sentral  di Sukun Kota Malang sebanyak 40 responden, dengan hasil hampir seluruh responden  90% memiliki  usia  yang  berisiko mengalami obesitas sentral, aktivitas  fisik    hampir setengah responden  53%  memiliki aktvitas fisik sedang  dan 47%  memiliki  aktivitas  ringan, kondisi  mental  emosional  sebagian  besar responden 65%  memiliki  kondisi  mental  emosional  normal, nutrisi  sebagian  besar responden  63%  memiliki nutrisi normal, dan penggunaan  kontrasepsi  hormonal  sebagian besar responden  67%  pengguna  kontrasepsi  hormonal meningkat. Disimpulkan  bahwa faktor risiko yang paling banyak ditemukan pada orang yang mengalami obesitas di  Puskesmas  Ciptomulyo  Kecamatan  Sukun  Kota  Malang adalah faktor usia dengan demikian dapat disarankan kepada masyarakat agar lebih aktivitas fisik, dan beralih menggunakan kontrasepsi yang tidak mengandung hormon.Kata Kunci : obesitas sentral, faktor risiko

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