The impact of intergenerational cultural transmission on fertility decisions

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 88-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Salari
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Transmission ◽  
Fertility Decisions ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Geographic job mobility and parenthood decisions

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-195
Author(s):  
Gerardo Meil
Keyword(s):  
Family Size ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Job Mobility ◽  
Family Development ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Fertility Decisions ◽  
Private Lives ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Specific Working

The aim of this paper is to analyse, differentiated by gender, the effects that high geographical job mobility has on parenthood decisions. In particular, in a first part we will examine whether job mobility fosters childlessness and/or postponement of childbearing and if mobility implies a lower family size. In a second part we will analyse how the specific working conditions of mobile people and their resources for balancing working and private lives affect childlessness and postponement of parenthood. The analysis will be based on a representative survey of people aged 25 to 54, performed in six European countries (Germany, France, Spain, Poland, Switzerland and Belgium) in 2007, oversampling mobile people in order to get enough cases to analyse. Results show that the impact of high job mobility on the timing and quantum of parenthood is important, both for men and women, but stronger for the latter. Besides gender, the strength of the impact depends on the duration of job mobility and when it takes place in the lifecycle. Resources for promoting a better balance of working and private lives such as flexitime and teleworking have no clear impact on parenthood decisions, but having a supportive employer facilitates family development of mobile employees. A greater involvement of men in unpaid work does not seem to facilitate fertility decisions of mobile women. Zusammenfassung In diesem Beitrag wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit hohe berufsbedingte räumliche Mobilität negative Folgen auf die Familienentwicklung hat. Im ersten Teil des Aufsatzes wird getrennt nach Geschlecht analysiert, ob Mobilität Kinderlosigkeit fördert, eine Verschiebung des Geburtenkalenders verursacht und ob sie eine Reduktion der Familiengröße zur Folge hat. Darüber hinaus wird in dem zweiten Teil analysiert, welchen Einfluss bestimmte Arbeitsbedingungen sowie die Ressourcen, die Familien zur Verfügung stehen, um Familie und Beruf zu vereinbaren, auf die Entscheidungen bezüglich Elternschaft ausüben. Die Analyse stützt sich auf eine repräsentative Umfrage in sechs europäischen Ländern (Deutschland, Frankreich, Spanien, Polen, Schweiz und Belgien) mit Personen im Alter zwischen 25 und 54 Jahren. Die Daten wurden in 2007 erhoben. Mobile Erwerbstätige wurden überproportional erhoben, um eine ausreichende Fallzahl zu gewährleisten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Auswirkung der Mobilität auf die Familienentwicklung von Bedeutung ist, wobei sich Mobilität von Frauen stärker auswirkt. Darüber hinaus ist von Bedeutung, wann im Lebenslauf Mobilität und Elternschaft stattfinden und wie lange die Phase der mobilen Arbeit andauert. Flexible Arbeitszeiten oder die Möglichkeit, einen Teil der Arbeit zu Hause zu leisten, haben keinen eindeutigen Einfluss auf die Entscheidungen zur Elternschaft von mobilen Erwerbstätigen, wohl aber die Unterstützung durch den Arbeitgeber. Unterstützung seitens des Partners scheint die Entscheidung mobiler Frauen für Kinder nicht zu fördern.

Epilogue

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. Cyrus Chu
Keyword(s):  
Technical Difficulty ◽  
Economic Variables ◽  
Fertility Decisions ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Economic Indexes ◽  
Individual Decisions ◽  
Occupational Composition ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Aggregate Dynamics

One of the most striking features of the topics analyzed in the previous chapters is the breadth and depth of the economics involved in the analysis of population dynamics. The conventional perception that “demographic movements were largely exogenous to the economic system, and were to be left to sociologists and other non-economists” (Samuelson, 1976, p. 243) may be based on a conventional understanding of demography itself. Once we realize that modern individual fertility decisions may be affected by many economic variables, we can understand why demographic movements may be correlated with various economic indexes of the society. Once we shift our focus from the size and growth rate of the population to its economic characteristics, we realize that there is an abundance of topics for research and analysis. Moreover, once we perceive that the characteristic composition of the population is usually an aggregate result of various decisions by individuals, we find that our analysis is not confined to fertility-related economic variables. Thus, we are able to use the general framework to study the income distribution (chapters 4, 5), the attitude composition (chapter 8), the occupation structure (chapter 9), and the aggregate savings and pensions (chapters 11,12) of the population. The methodology adopted in this book is quite consistent: I emphasize the impact of individual decisions on the aggregate dynamics of demographic characteristics. As far as the steady state or dynamic fluctuations are concerned, the theory of stochastic processes is the basic tool necessary for the analysis. Other than the possible technical difficulty, there is nothing conceptually difficult in the modeling. But very often, the aggregate variables in question may feed back and influence individual decisions. In chapters 8 and 9, we see how the aggregate custom or occupational composition in the previous period affects individual decisions in the current period. These are in fact special cases and are easily dealt with. For many other economic variables, the micro-macro interaction involved is rather complex. There are several variables that may affect and also be affected by individual decisions.

The Impact of Social Health Insurance on Household Fertility Decisions

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 699-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen O. Abrokwah ◽  
Christine M. Moser ◽  
Edward Norton
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Social Health Insurance ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Fertility Decisions ◽  
The Impact

VI international scientific and practical conference “Actual problems of mass consciousness research”

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
V. Konstantinov ◽  
◽  
N. Khashchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Transmission ◽  
State University ◽  
Social Mechanisms ◽  
Mass Consciousness ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Social ◽  
On Line ◽  
Line Broadcasting ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Conference

On March 19-20, 2021 the Sixth International Scientific and Practical Conference “Actual problems of mass consciousness research” was organized by Penza State University. The work of the forum was organized in the format of on-line broadcasting on Zoom platform and in the social network VKontakte. Participants discussed current problems of mass consciousness phenomenon: psychological and social mechanisms for the promotion of worldviews, socio-psychological aspects of cultural transmission, the impact of the global pandemic COVID-19 on mental health and many others. The issues raised at the conference are the most acute psychological, anthropological and philosophical challenges for science and society, and their discussion enabled the participants of the forum to affirm the positive experience of overcoming these problems.

The Intergenerational and Cultural Transmission of Trauma in Chinese Couple Relationships

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine Wanlass
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Transmission ◽  
Couple Therapy ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Chinese Families ◽  
Clinical Consultation ◽  
Cultural Climate ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Beijing China ◽  
Dynamic Interplay

The complexity of psychoanalytic couple therapy is magnified in a climate where intergenerational and cultural trauma abounds. A five session clinical consultation with a couple residing in Beijing, China provides a vivid illustration of the dynamic interplay between individual family histories characterised by loss and separation and a traumatic cultural climate marked by repeated foreign invasion, oppressive government policies, and politically imposed familial separations. The author contends that the juxtaposition of these familial and cultural traumas, combined with a time of rapid economic and social change in China, may partially account for the heightened sensitivity toward separation experienced within Chinese families and frequently expressed in the unconscious couple fit. Additionally, the author discusses challenges for American clinicians training couple therapists in China, such as the impact of translation, the mutually held historical suspicion and antagonism between the two nations, and the rapidly changing social norms within China itself.

scholarly journals Conceptualising the impact of culture and language upon hospitality service management

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saloomeh Tabari ◽  
Jonathan A.J. Wilson ◽  
Hadyn Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Sensitivity ◽  
Cultural Transmission ◽  
Service Management ◽  
Intercultural Sensitivity ◽  
Hospitality Management ◽  
Success Factor ◽  
Wealth Creation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the nature and definitions of culture and its relationship to language and cultural sensitivity in hospitality management services. Design/methodology/approach – The paper takes the form of a critical literature review followed by a phenomenological exploratory pilot study, using template analysis. Findings – Previous studies indicate that the more individuals understand and embrace notions of intercultural sensitivity, then the better they become at being able to recognise and discriminate between cultural differences. Furthermore, as a by-product, there is an increased appetite and tendency towards adopting cultural perspectives other than ones’ own. However, the operationalisation of this process encourages benchmarking along linear scales, which is problematic and over-simplifies the dynamic and fluid nature of effective cultural transmission. The paper’s findings suggest that rather than there being singular cultural and language constructs, there are cultures, which in places overlap, but elsewhere do not and therefore cannot be placed on universal scales; second, the critical success factor is less about linguistic literacy linked to vocabulary and explicit rational comprehension, and more about a pre-emptive cultural interpretive intelligence which identifies emotion and sentiment. Research limitations/implications – This is largely a conceptual paper, which, it is suggested, needs further empirical investigation – both longitudinally and on a larger scale. Originality/value – This perspective moves management, marketing and service delivery away from zero-sum games and transactional exchanges, whether financial, social or linguistic, towards collective wealth creation and empowerment – manifest in social cultural capital and the generation of tacit knowledge. The challenge that remains is how this process can be formalised and the tacit and implicit knowledge gained and created can be preserved.

scholarly journals Managing Illness through Creative Engagement: Women, HIV, and the Stitches Doll Project

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Lewis ◽  
Kathleen Gerus-Darbison
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Cultural Transmission ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Identity Work ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Aids

The Stitches Doll Project is a community-based initiative that enables women and girls to express their feelings about living with HIV/AIDS through creating a doll that speaks for them. In a very personal and powerful way, women and girls are able to tell their stories both visually, through their dolls, and verbally/non-verbally, through their dolls’ monographs. The completed dolls become part of an online and traveling oral history exhibit. Based on an analysis of the dolls and their monographs, interviews with doll contributors and project coordinators, and archived Stitches materials, this paper explores the meaning making and identity work/repair articulated through textile creation and the cultural transmission of oral histories. Our analysis reveals four recurrent message themes: making sense of infection, the impact of HIV, the role of social support and connection, and educating others. These themes speak to the nature of the oral history the artists transmit via their dolls. As they design their contribution to the project at Stitches workshops, the healing benefits of creative engagement through textile artwork is made available to them. It is these two components of the project in combination that afford doll makers a unique opportunity to engage in a process of meaning making and identity work/repair. In the process they help advance public education efforts by challenging cultural beliefs regarding “the face of AIDS,” the experience of living with HIV/AIDS, and ultimately who is at risk for acquiring the virus and by poignantly calling attention to the variety of social factors (e.g., poverty, domestic violence, and sexual abuse and assault) that put women at risk for contracting HIV.

scholarly journals Facing the Past: Looking Back at Refugee Childhood in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ann Beaglehole
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cultural Transmission ◽  
Jewish History ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
The People ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact

<p>The experiences of child refugees and children of refugees from Hitler growing up in New Zealand in the period from the late 1930s to the end of the 1960s are the subject of this study. By means of tape-recorded conversations with the former children, now men and women in their thirties, forties and fifties, the study focuses, in particular, on two issues. First, the lingering legacy of Nazi persecution, whether it was experienced directly or indirectly by the children or their parents; second, the effects of growing up, often isolated from others of a similar background, in a monocultural country by and large free from overt anti-Semitism but intolerant of cultural differences. The first chapter is concerned with the aims of the study, with methodology and with a survey of relevant literature. Some aspects of recent Jewish history and the Central and Eastern European refugee world are examined in Chapter 2. The features of New Zealand society most closely interwoven with the interviewees' experiences are also considered in that chapter. The third chapter turns to the memories, interpretations and explanations of the former refugees and children of refugees. It introduces the people in the study and some of the main concerns and preoccupations of their childhood. Chapter 4 is about refugee children and children of refugees at school, Chapter 5 about some aspects of a refugee adolescence and Chapter 6 about language, culture and identity. Chapter 7 looks specifically at the impact of a traumatic history on the people in the study. Chapter 8 is concerned with adult issues in the lives of the interviewees. It examines ethnic identity, cultural transmission and assimilation. The study concludes with biographical information about the interviewees which fill in some of the details not covered in the text.</p>

scholarly journals Facing the Past: Looking Back at Refugee Childhood in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ann Beaglehole
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cultural Transmission ◽  
Jewish History ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
The People ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact

<p>The experiences of child refugees and children of refugees from Hitler growing up in New Zealand in the period from the late 1930s to the end of the 1960s are the subject of this study. By means of tape-recorded conversations with the former children, now men and women in their thirties, forties and fifties, the study focuses, in particular, on two issues. First, the lingering legacy of Nazi persecution, whether it was experienced directly or indirectly by the children or their parents; second, the effects of growing up, often isolated from others of a similar background, in a monocultural country by and large free from overt anti-Semitism but intolerant of cultural differences. The first chapter is concerned with the aims of the study, with methodology and with a survey of relevant literature. Some aspects of recent Jewish history and the Central and Eastern European refugee world are examined in Chapter 2. The features of New Zealand society most closely interwoven with the interviewees' experiences are also considered in that chapter. The third chapter turns to the memories, interpretations and explanations of the former refugees and children of refugees. It introduces the people in the study and some of the main concerns and preoccupations of their childhood. Chapter 4 is about refugee children and children of refugees at school, Chapter 5 about some aspects of a refugee adolescence and Chapter 6 about language, culture and identity. Chapter 7 looks specifically at the impact of a traumatic history on the people in the study. Chapter 8 is concerned with adult issues in the lives of the interviewees. It examines ethnic identity, cultural transmission and assimilation. The study concludes with biographical information about the interviewees which fill in some of the details not covered in the text.</p>

The Social Dimensions of Music Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-50
Author(s):  
István Ferenc Bíró ◽  
Balázs Hörich ◽  
Tamás Szalai ◽  
Judit Váradi
Keyword(s):  
Music Education ◽  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Cultural Sensitivity ◽  
Cultural Transmission ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Cultural Consumption ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
The Impact

"The aim of our study is to explore the factors influencing the cultural sensitivity of students aged 8–13 years. We set up our hypotheses based on the theory of Bourdieu and Passeron and the research of Hunyadi. Our main question is instrumental studies, the frequency of singing, and social status how affect cultural consumption. In our research, we examined the impact of parents’ attitudes to music on children’s musical consumption. To examine the role of cultural capital, we used international models. The aim of our exploratory research is to examine in what form and to what extent the different manifestations of cultural capital prevail in the dimension of cultural consumption. Our results supported that higher education, higher parental care, parents’ musical capital, and good financial status increase the chances of cultural consumption. Those family with higher social status can be characterized by a broader cultural consumption pattern, which in turn is accompanied by more frequent musical activity. Families in a better position are characterized not only by higher cultural consumption but also by more prudent methods of cultural transmission. Keywords: cultural consumption, music education, cultural capital"

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