Paternal programming of offspring health

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 105185
Author(s):  
Adam J. Watkins ◽  
Eleonora Rubini ◽  
Elizabeth D. Hosier ◽  
Hannah L. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Offspring Health ◽  
Paternal Programming

scholarly journals 418 Paternal Programming of Offspring Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 187-187
Author(s):  
Adam Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Adult Offspring ◽  
Offspring Health ◽  
Paternal Programming ◽  
The Impact

Abstract There is now a significant body of human and animal model data identifying common associations between perturbed development during gestation, disproportionate fetal growth and poor adult cardiovascular and metabolic health. Typically, these studies have focused on the impact of poor maternal health on offspring development and well-being. However, a growing evidence base now indicates that sub-optimal paternal factors (such as diet) can also program adult offspring ill-health. While the link between paternal health and offspring well-being is becoming established, attention is being focused on defining the underlying mechanism(s). Here, the father may influence post-fertilization development through two main pathways, the integrity and status of the sperm genome (including epigenome) and through components of the seminal plasma. We have used a mouse model of paternal low protein diet to study the impact sub-optimal nutrition has on the quality and epigenetic status of the sperm, embryonic development and fetal growth. We have also used our model to study the relative seminal plasma and sperm contributions to adult offspring cardiovascular and metabolic health. Our studied highlight the role of a father’s diet at the time of conception for the development and well-being of his offspring.

scholarly journals Quantifying Fetal Reprogramming for Biomarker Development in the Era of High-Throughput Sequencing

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Fu-Sheng Chou ◽  
Krystel Newton ◽  
Pei-Shan Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Placental Insufficiency ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Clinical Tools ◽  
Fetal Reprogramming ◽  
Offspring Health

Gestational hypertensive disorders continue to threaten the well-being of pregnant women and their offspring. The only current definitive treatment for gestational hypertensive disorders is delivery of the fetus. The optimal timing of delivery remains controversial. Currently, the available clinical tools do not allow for assessment of fetal stress in its early stages. Placental insufficiency and fetal growth restriction secondary to gestational hypertensive disorders have been shown to have long-term impacts on offspring health even into their adulthood, becoming one of the major focuses of research in the field of developmental origins of health and disease. Fetal reprogramming was introduced to describe the long-lasting effects of the toxic intrauterine environment on the growing fetus. With the advent of high-throughput sequencing, there have been major advances in research attempting to quantify fetal reprogramming. Moreover, genes that are found to be differentially expressed as a result of fetal reprogramming show promise in the development of transcriptional biomarkers for clinical use in detecting fetal response to placental insufficiency. In this review, we will review key pathophysiology in the development of placental insufficiency, existing literature on high-throughput sequencing in the study of fetal reprogramming, and considerations regarding research design from our own experience.

The clinical impact of maternal weight on offspring health: lights and shadows in breast milk metabolome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flaminia Bardanzellu ◽  
Melania Puddu ◽  
Diego Giampietro Peroni ◽  
Vassilios Fanos
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Offspring Health

scholarly journals The Triad Mother-Breast Milk-Infant as Predictor of Future Health: A Narrative Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Verduci ◽  
Maria Lorella Giannì ◽  
Giulia Vizzari ◽  
Sara Vizzuso ◽  
Jacopo Cerasani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcome ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Interconnected System ◽  
Offspring Health ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle

The benefits of human milk for both mother and infant are widely acknowledged. Human milk could represent a link between maternal and offspring health. The triad mother-breast milk-infant is an interconnected system in which maternal diet and lifestyle might have effects on infant’s health outcome. This link could be in part explained by epigenetics, even if the underlining mechanisms have not been fully clarified yet. The aim of this paper is to update the association between maternal diet and human milk, pointing out how maternal diet and lifestyle could be associated with breast-milk composition, hence with offspring’s health outcome.

Genetic similarity of mates, offspring health and extrapair fertilization in house sparrows

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Edly-Wright ◽  
P.L. Schwagmeyer ◽  
Patricia G. Parker ◽  
Douglas W. Mock
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
House Sparrows ◽  
Offspring Health

Systematic evaluation of graphene quantum dot toxicity to male mouse sexual behaviors, reproductive and offspring health

Biomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 215-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ding Zhang ◽  
Zefei Zhang ◽  
Ying Wu ◽  
Kai Fu ◽  
Yang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dot ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Male Mouse ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Graphene Quantum Dot ◽  
Offspring Health

scholarly journals Epigenetic dynamics and interplay during spermatogenesis and embryogenesis: implications for male fertility and offspring health

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (32) ◽  
pp. 53804-53818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao-Qin Ge ◽  
Sheng-Li Lin ◽  
Zheng-Hui Zhao ◽  
Qing-Yuan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Male Fertility ◽  
Offspring Health

Lifestyle intervention strategies in early life to improve pregnancy outcomes and long-term health of offspring: a narrative review

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romy Gaillard ◽  
John Wright ◽  
Vincent W.V. Jaddoe
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Interventions ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Offspring Health

AbstractAdverse exposures during fetal life and the postnatal period influence physical, cognitive and emotional development, and predispose to an increased risk of various chronic diseases throughout the life course. Findings from large observational studies in various populations and experimental animal studies have identified different modifiable risk factors in early life. Adverse maternal lifestyle factors, including overweight, unhealthy diet, sedentary behavior, smoking, alcohol consumption and stress in the preconception period and during pregnancy, are the most common modifiable risk factors leading to a suboptimal in-utero environment for fetal development. In the postnatal period, breastfeeding, infant growth and infant dietary intake are important modifiable factors influencing long-term offspring health outcomes. Despite the large amount of findings from observational studies, translation to lifestyle interventions seems to be challenging. Currently, randomized controlled trials focused on the influence of lifestyle interventions in these critical periods on short-term and long-term maternal and offspring health outcomes are scarce, have major limitations and do not show strong effects on maternal and offspring outcomes. New and innovative approaches are needed to move from describing these causes of ill-health to start tackling them using intervention approaches. Future randomized controlled lifestyle intervention studies and innovative observational studies, using quasi-experimental designs, are needed focused on the effects of an integrated lifestyle advice from preconception onwards on pregnancy outcomes and long-term health outcomes in offspring on a population level.

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