Welfare-improving vertical separation with network externality

2017 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 115-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kangsik Choi ◽  
DongJoon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Network Externality ◽  
Vertical Separation

scholarly journals Examining Protection Motivation and Network Externality Perspective Regarding the Continued Intention to Use M-Health Apps

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5684
Author(s):  
Yumei Luo ◽  
Guiping Wang ◽  
Yuwei Li ◽  
Qiongwei Ye
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Network Externalities ◽  
Network Externality ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Protection Motivation ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Perceived Vulnerability ◽  
Response Efficacy ◽  
Health Apps ◽  
Direct Network

M-health apps have developed rapidly and are widely accepted, but users’ continued intention to use m-health apps has not been fully explored. This study was designed to obtain a better understanding of users’ continued intention to use m-health apps. We developed a theoretical model by incorporating the protection motivation theory and network externalities and conducted an empirical study of a 368-respondent sample. The results showed that: (1) perceived vulnerability has a direct impact on users’ self-efficacy and response efficacy; (2) self-efficacy and response efficacy have a direct impact on users’ attitudes and continued intention; (3) network externalities affect users’ attitudes and continued intention, among which direct network externalities have an indirect impact on users’ continued intention through attitude; and (4) the impacts of self-efficacy, response efficacy, and indirect network externalities on continued intention are partially meditated by attitudes.

Estimating Global Ocean Heat Content Changes in the Upper 1800 m since 1950 and the Influence of Climatology Choice*

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 1945-1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Lyman ◽  
Gregory C. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Heat Content ◽  
Ocean Heat Content ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Ocean Temperature ◽  
Vertical Separation ◽  
Ocean Heat Uptake ◽  
Expendable Bathythermograph ◽  
Heat Uptake ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Ocean heat content anomalies are analyzed from 1950 to 2011 in five distinct depth layers (0–100, 100–300, 300–700, 700–900, and 900–1800 m). These layers correspond to historic increases in common maximum sampling depths of ocean temperature measurements with time, as different instruments—mechanical bathythermograph (MBT), shallow expendable bathythermograph (XBT), deep XBT, early sometimes shallower Argo profiling floats, and recent Argo floats capable of worldwide sampling to 2000 m—have come into widespread use. This vertical separation of maps allows computation of annual ocean heat content anomalies and their sampling uncertainties back to 1950 while taking account of in situ sampling advances and changing sampling patterns. The 0–100-m layer is measured over 50% of the globe annually starting in 1956, the 100–300-m layer starting in 1967, the 300–700-m layer starting in 1983, and the deepest two layers considered here starting in 2003 and 2004, during the implementation of Argo. Furthermore, global ocean heat uptake estimates since 1950 depend strongly on assumptions made concerning changes in undersampled or unsampled ocean regions. If unsampled areas are assumed to have zero anomalies and are included in the global integrals, the choice of climatological reference from which anomalies are estimated can strongly influence the global integral values and their trend: the sparser the sampling and the bigger the mean difference between climatological and actual values, the larger the influence.

The Effect of Flow on Users’ Social Shopping Intention

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Network Externality ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Flow Experience ◽  
Social Commerce ◽  
Shopping Behaviour ◽  
Social Shopping

The application of mobile technologies such as 4G has triggered social commerce development. However, due to the perceived uncertainty and risk, users may obtain a poor experience when conducting social shopping. Integrating both perspectives of social support and network externality, this research examined users’ flow experience associated with social shopping. The results indicated that both emotional support and network externality affect flow, which in turn affects identification and social shopping intention. The results imply that companies need to create a supportive climate and utilize network externality to improve users’ experience and facilitate their shopping behaviour.

scholarly journals Cultural, Morphological and Pathogenic Characterization of Alternaria porri Causing Purple Blotch of Onion

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed Mohammad MOHSIN ◽  
Md. Rafiqul ISLAM ◽  
Abu Noman Faruq AHMMED ◽  
Hosna Ara Chowdhury NISHA ◽  
Mirza HASANUZZAMAN
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Diseased Leaf ◽  
Vertical Separation ◽  
Concentric Ring ◽  
Brown Colour ◽  
Ring Shape ◽  
Alternaria Porri ◽  
Conidia Production

Twenty seven (27) isolates of Alternaria porri were isolated from diseased leaf samples collected from different onion growing regions of Bangladesh and characterized for cultural, morphological and pathogenic variabilities. A. porri colonies colony colour ranged between light to dark olivacious and grayish white with irregular, regular with concentric ring and regular without concentric ring shape. Margin of colonies were entire, irregular and wavy with effuse, fluffy and velvety texture. Isolates impregnated media with colour ranged between grey to brown on the reverse of the plates. Growth rate of isolates ranged between 2.433 and 3.950 mm/day with fast growth in isolate DSTR 02 and least in MMBH. Morphological variation in conidia production was between 7.720×103 to 47.02×103 per mm2 with sporulation time 3.33 to 11.00 days. The conidial shape was straight to curve with light to deep brown colour. The number of horizontal and vertical separation in the conidia ranged from 3.00 to 6.00 × 1.00 to 2.00 with size from 11.20 to 39.20 × 4.76 to 11.43 µm. In pathogenicity test isolates also exhibited variations in size of the lesions (2.77 to 7.55 mm) produced on onion leaves. The results demonstrate existence of considerable variation in cultural, morphological, and pathogenic characters of A. porri isolates prevalent in Bangladesh environment.

scholarly journals Fraud, Economic versus Social-Psychological Losses, and Sustainable E-Auction

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3130
Author(s):  
Xiaobing Zhang ◽  
Fu-Sheng Tsai ◽  
Chih-Chen Lin ◽  
Ya-Fang Cheng ◽  
Kun-Hwa Lu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Network Externality ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Knowledge Gap ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Equal Importance ◽  
Paper Form ◽  
Practical Implications

As compared to the economic losses, social and psychological losses are of equal importance in discussing the losses when encountering fraud. Taking advantage of a perspective paper form (i.e., free writing style with a mix of description, analysis, and comments) with in-depth discussions and well-developed propositions, we combine considerations from the knowledge gap, platform quality, and risk management to discuss the comparative seriousness of different fraud-caused losses. The conceptual model mainly articulates on a series of relationships among different degrees of knowledge gap, platform quality, and risk management in predicting the various combinative losses in the economic, social, and psychological aspects. Propositions follow. First, when the knowledge gap is higher, the economic losses of being cheated on the internet will be higher, while lower in social and psychological losses. Second, when perceived platform quality is higher, the economic losses of being cheated on the internet will be lower, while higher in social and psychological losses. Third, when platform risk management is better, all aspects of being cheated on the internet will be lower. Based on the assumption of network externality, we also argue that the multiple dimensions of fraud-caused losses may damage e-auction sustainability. Theoretical and practical implications will be discussed.

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