Biochemical and photochemical feedbacks of acute Cd toxicity in Juncus acutus seedlings: The role of non-functional Cd-chlorophylls

Comparative studies on the responses to salinity and drought were carried out in three Juncus species, two halophytes (Juncus maritimus Lam. and Juncus acutus L.) and one more salt-sensitive (Juncus articulatus L.). Salt tolerance in Juncus depends on the inhibition of transport of toxic ions to the aerial part. In the three taxa studied Na+ and Cl– accumulated to the same extent in the roots of salt treated plants; however, ion contents were lower in the shoots and correlated with the relative salt sensitivity of the species, with the lowest levels measured in the halophytes. Activation of K+ transport at high salt concentration could also contribute to salt tolerance in the halophytes. Maintenance of cellular osmotic balance is mostly based on the accumulation of sucrose in the three species. Yet, neither the relative salt-induced increase in sugar content nor the absolute concentrations reached can explain the observed differences in salt tolerance. In contrast, proline increased significantly in the presence of salt only in the salt-tolerant J. maritimus and J. acutus, but not in J. articulatus. Similar patterns of osmolyte accumulation were observed in response to water stress, supporting a functional role of proline in stress tolerance mechanisms in Juncus.

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Combined application of biochar and selenium alleviates cadmium toxicity in peanuts and enriches selenium content in peanut grains.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1076617/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shiwei Shao ◽

Bing Ma ◽

Liuhuan Ai ◽

Lei Zhang

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Cadmium Toxicity ◽

Selenium Content ◽

Cd Toxicity ◽

Combined Application ◽

Global Concern ◽

Application Methods ◽

Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract Cadmium (Cd) pollution in soil and particularly in peanuts has attracted global concern and requires urgent attention. Selenium (Se) can alleviate Cd toxicity; however, the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. Therefore, two varieties of peanut (Arachis hypogaea Linn.) Huayu 23 and Huayu 20 were chosen as the target crops for this study. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of two Se application methods combined with biochar on the accumulation of Cd and Se, and the best application method was identified. In addition, the role of Se in alleviating Cd toxicity in peanuts was studied. The results indicated that both Se and biochar decreased the Cd content in peanuts and alleviated Cd toxicity. However, the combined application of foliar Se and biochar significantly increased the peanut biomass by 71.50–110.46%, increased the grain yield of Huayu 23 by 0.38–0.47 fold, and Huayu 20 by 2.37–3.47 fold. Additionally, Cd content in peanut grains was decreased by 26.68–50.07%, and Se content was increased by 31.57–99.75 folds. Biochar can decrease the absorption of Cd from the soil, while Se can increase the accumulation of Cd in cell vacuoles by increasing glutathione and phytochelatin to decrease the movement of Cd into the grains. Therefore, our results indicate that the combined application of foliar Se and biochar can effectively promote the enrichment of Se in peanuts and suppress Cd toxicity.

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A Dual Role of Se on Cd Toxicity: Evidences from the Uptake of Cd and Some Essential Elements and the Growth Responses in Paddy Rice

Biological Trace Element Research ◽

10.1007/s12011-012-9532-4 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 151 (1) ◽

pp. 113-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Renwei Feng ◽

Chaoyang Wei ◽

Shuxin Tu ◽

Yongzhen Ding ◽

Zhengguo Song

Keyword(s):

Essential Elements ◽

Paddy Rice ◽

Dual Role ◽

Growth Responses ◽

Cd Toxicity

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The potential modulatory role of herbal additives against Cd toxicity in human, animal, and poultry: a review

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-018-4037-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (5) ◽

pp. 4588-4604 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Asmaa F. Khafaga ◽

Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack ◽

Ayman E. Taha ◽

Shaaban S. Elnesr ◽

Mahmoud Alagawany

Keyword(s):

Cd Toxicity ◽

Human Animal

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Changes in the proteome of the cadmium-tolerant bacteria Cupriavidus taiwanensis KKU2500-3 in response to cadmium toxicity

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/cjm-2013-0713 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 121-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Surasak Siripornadulsil ◽

Lalita Thanwisai ◽

Wilailak Siripornadulsil

Keyword(s):

Stress Responses ◽

Cadmium Toxicity ◽

Differentially Expressed ◽

Future Application ◽

Lag Phase ◽

Cd Toxicity ◽

Differentially Expressed Protein ◽

Proteomic Approach ◽

General Response

Cupriavidus taiwanensis KKU2500-3 is a cadmium (Cd)-tolerant bacterial strain that was previously isolated from rice fields contaminated with high levels of Cd. In 500 μmol/L CdCl2, the KKU2500-3 strain grew slower and with a more prolonged lag-phase than when grown in the absence of Cd. A proteomic approach was used to characterize the protein expression in the Cd-tolerant bacteria C. taiwanensis KKU2500-3 during growth under Cd stress. When compared with the untreated cells, a total of 982 differentially expressed protein spots were observed in the CdCl2-treated cells, and 59 and 10 spots exhibited >2- and >4-fold changes, respectively. The level of up- and downregulation varied from 2.01- to 11.26-fold and from 2.01- to 5.34-fold, respectively. Of the 33 differentially expressed protein spots analyzed by MALDI TOF MS/MS, 19 spots were successfully identified, many of which were involved in stress responses. The most highly upregulated protein (+7.95-fold) identified was the chaperone GroEL, which indicated that this factor likely contributed to the bacterial survival and growth in response to Cd toxicity. Detection of the downregulated protein flagellin (–3.52-fold) was consistent with the less effective ATP-mediated and flagella-driven motility. The flagella-losing cells were also observed in the Cd-treated bacteria when analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Thus, the Cd-stressed cells may downregulate pathways involving ATP utilization in favor of other mechanisms in response to Cd toxicity. When the KKU2500-3 strain was grown in the presence of Cd, H2S was not detected, suggesting a possible role of the sulfur in precipitation with Cd. Apart from a general response, no specific process could be determined using the present proteomic approach. However, the potential role of protein folding-mediated GroEL, flagella-mediated motility and CdS biotransformation in Cd toxicity response observed in this study as well as the extent of Cd-tolerant mechanisms using other methods could facilitate the future application of this strain in addressing Cd environmental contamination.

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Role of Anthocleista vogelii in serum antioxidant defence system in cadmium-induced oxidative stress in Wistar rats

Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences ◽

10.1186/s43088-019-0012-1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Augustine Apiamu ◽

Samuel Ogheneovo Asagba ◽

Nyerhovwo J. Tonukari

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Response Surface ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Hexane Fraction ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Antioxidant Defence ◽

Cd Toxicity ◽

Defence System ◽

Antioxidant Defence System

Abstract Background Cadmium (Cd) toxicity, which runs across the food chain, is chiefly regulated by in vivo antioxidant defence system or through antioxidant supplementation of biological systems predisposed to this environmental stressor. The present study was designed to examine the role of Anthocleista vogelii leaves in Cd-induced oxidative stress in the serum of Wistar rats through the application of response surface methodology (RSM) and biomonitoring of selective responses: malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and peroxidase (POD) activities, respectively. The cold macerated plant leaves were subjected to fractionation process using methanol-hexane-chloroform (3:2:1 v/v) solvent system such that n-hexane fraction with ample antioxidant levels in terms of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) among others at p < 0.05 was selected for the study. The study employed central composite design (CCD) with twenty experimental “runs” of male Wistar rats for twenty-eight days, following a week of acclimatization, where n-hexane fraction of A. vogelii (NFAV), cadmium chloride (CdCl2) and body weights of rats were considered input factors in the study. Results The study generated five quadratic models, which differed significantly at p < 0.05 for MDA levels as well as CAT, SOD, GST and POD activities in the sera of Wistar rats. The study revealed that exposure to Cd toxicity caused a marked increase (p < 0.05) in serum MDA levels, but a significant inhibition (p < 0.05) of serum SOD, CAT, GST and POD activities. However, Cd interaction with NFAV showed marked amelioration of Cd-induced oxidative stress, which was confirmed by significant decrease in serum MDA levels, but significant increase in serum SOD, CAT, GST and POD activities at p < 0.05 via the response surface plots. The study also confirmed the reliability and adequacy of the models for accurate prediction of the responses since R-squared (R2) values obtained were greater than 90%. Conclusion It was inferred from the present study that the adequacy of the models validated the potency of A. vogelii leaves graphically in the amelioration of Cd-induced oxidative stress in the serum of Wistar rats. Hence, the plant was considered a rich source of bioactive compounds with significant antioxidant properties.

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Bisphenol-A removal by the halophyte Juncus acutus in a phytoremediation pilot: Characterization and potential role of the endophytic community

Journal of Hazardous Materials ◽

10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.05.034 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 323 ◽

pp. 350-358 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Evdokia Syranidou ◽

Stavros Christofilopoulos ◽

Maria Politi ◽

Nele Weyens ◽

Danae Venieri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bisphenol A ◽

Potential Role ◽

Juncus Acutus ◽

Endophytic Community

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Effects of N-Acetyl Cysteine on the Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases 2 and 9 in the Lung Tissue of Rats Exposed to Cadmium

10.32592/ircmj.2020.22.11.163 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Single Dose ◽

Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽

Lung Tissue ◽

Continuous Exposure ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Cd Toxicity ◽

Mmp9 Expression ◽

The Matrix ◽

Continuous Dose

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of cadmium (Cd) on the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) -2 and -9 expression in the lung, and the role of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in preserving the lung cells against Cd toxicity. Methods: The rats were randomly divided into five groups of G1 (control), G2 (single dose of Cd), G3 (continuous dose of Cd), G4 (single dose of Cd+NAC), and G5 (continuous dose of Cd+NAC). The level of Cd in the blood and lung tissue was measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Moreover, the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 genes was considered using RT-PCR. Results: Single and continuous exposure to Cd caused a significant increase in serum and the lung tissue of Cd in G2 (0.23±0.04 mg/L and 0.35±0.047 μg/g tissue) and G3 (0.50±0.068 mg/L and 0.81±0.063 μg/g tissue) groups, compared to other groups (P<0.001). The NAC supplementation significantly decreased Cd levels in the serum and lung tissue samples of rats exposed to single or continuous Cd (P<0.001). Furthermore, exposure to a single and continuous dose of Cd caused a significant increase in the MMP2 expression by 3.24-fold (P=0.003) and 11.9-fold (P<0.001), respectively. Additionally, single and continuous dose treatment of Cd led to a significant increase in the MMP9 expression by 3.20-fold (P=0.004) and 7.54-fold (P<0.001), respectively. The NAC treatments decreased the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 in the lung of rats exposed to single or continuous Cd. Conclusion: The Cd exposure was strongly associated with the accumulation of Cd and overexpression of MMP2 and MMP9 in the lung tissue. Moreover, the NAC can protect the lungs against Cd toxicity by decreasing Cd and down-regulating MMPs.

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