Long-term effects of N fertilization on cropping and growth of olive trees and on N accumulation in soil profile

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Fernández-Escobar ◽  
L. Marin ◽  
M.A. Sánchez-Zamora ◽  
J.M. García-Novelo ◽  
C. Molina-Soria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Profile ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Olive Trees

scholarly journals Effects of experimental nitrogen deposition on peatland carbon pools and fluxes: a modelling analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Wu ◽  
C. Blodau ◽  
T. R. Moore ◽  
J. Bubier ◽  
S. Juutinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Net Ecosystem Exchange ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
N Content ◽  
Modelling Analysis

Abstract. Nitrogen (N) pollution of peatlands alters their carbon (C) balances, yet long-term effects and controls are poorly understood. We applied the model PEATBOG to explore impacts of long-term nitrogen (N) fertilization on C cycling in an ombrotrophic bog. Simulations of summer gross ecosystem production (GEP), ecosystem respiration (ER) and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) were evaluated against 8 years of observations and extrapolated for 80 years to identify potential effects of N fertilization and factors influencing model behaviour. The model successfully simulated moss decline and raised GEP, ER and NEE on fertilized plots. GEP was systematically overestimated in the model compared to the field data due to factors that can be related to differences in vegetation distribution (e.g. shrubs vs. graminoid vegetation) and to high tolerance of vascular plants to N deposition in the model. Model performance regarding the 8-year response of GEP and NEE to N input was improved by introducing an N content threshold shifting the response of photosynthetic capacity (GEPmax) to N content in shrubs and graminoids from positive to negative at high N contents. Such changes also eliminated the competitive advantages of vascular species and led to resilience of mosses in the long-term. Regardless of the large changes of C fluxes over the short-term, the simulated GEP, ER and NEE after 80 years depended on whether a graminoid- or shrub-dominated system evolved. When the peatland remained shrub–Sphagnum-dominated, it shifted to a C source after only 10 years of fertilization at 6.4 g N m−2 yr−1, whereas this was not the case when it became graminoid-dominated. The modelling results thus highlight the importance of ecosystem adaptation and reaction of plant functional types to N deposition, when predicting the future C balance of N-polluted cool temperate bogs.

scholarly journals Fertilization of spruce monocultures in the territory of Training Forest Enterprise in Kostelec nad Černými lesy

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S73-S78 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Remeš ◽  
V.V. Podrázský
Keyword(s):  
Soil Profile ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Site Fertility ◽  
Humus Accumulation ◽  
Fertilization Effects

Long-term fertilization effects were evaluated including NPK, Ca and N applications at the lower altitudes. The studied localities are in the territory of Training Forest Enterprise in Kostelec nad Černými lesy, at an altitude of 300–500 m a.s.l., sites of beech-oak-fir types. Fertilizers were used in 1965–1967, the evaluation of soil condition was done in 1967 (before fertilization) and 2002. After 25–35 years, only low effects of fertilization are detectable in the humus forms and complex soil profile – surface humus accumulation, soil chemistry, as well as nutrient contents. Complex fertilization was reflected in higher site fertility in general, N-fertilization only in the progress of acidification. During the period 1967–2002, a strong general trend of acidification is obvious caused by both acid deposition and Norway spruce monoculture-based forestry.

Long term effects of tillage practices and N fertilization in rainfed Mediterranean cropping systems: durum wheat, sunflower and maize grain yield

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. 166-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Seddaiu ◽  
Ileana Iocola ◽  
Roberta Farina ◽  
Roberto Orsini ◽  
Giuseppe Iezzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Maize Grain

scholarly journals Effects of experimental nitrogen deposition on peatland carbon pools and fluxes: a modeling analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 10271-10321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Wu ◽  
C. Blodau ◽  
T. R. Moore ◽  
J. L. Bubier ◽  
S. Juutinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Net Ecosystem Exchange ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
N Content ◽  
Modeling Analysis

Abstract. Nitrogen (N) pollution of peatlands alters their carbon (C) balances, yet long-term effects and controls are poorly understood. We applied the model PEATBOG to analyze impacts of long-term nitrogen (N) fertilization on C cycling in an ombrotrophic bog. Simulations of summer gross ecosystem production (GEP), ecosystem respiration (ER) and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) were evaluated against 8 years of observations and extrapolated for 80 years to identify potential effects of N fertilization and factors influencing model behavior. The model successfully simulated moss decline and raised GEP, ER and NEE on fertilized plots. GEP was systematically overestimated in the model compared to the field data due to high tolerance of Sphagnum to N deposition in the model. Model performance regarding the 8 year response of GEP and NEE to N was improved by introducing an N content threshold shifting the response of photosynthesis capacity to N content in shrubs and graminoids from positive to negative at high N contents. Such changes also eliminated the competitive advantages of vascular species and led to resilience of mosses in the long-term. Regardless of the large changes of C fluxes over the short-term, the simulated GEP, ER and NEE after 80 years depended on whether a graminoid- or shrub-dominated system evolved. When the peatland remained shrub-Sphagnum dominated, it shifted to a C source after only 10 years of fertilization at 6.4 g N m−2 yr−1, whereas this was not the case when it became graminoid-dominated. The modeling results thus highlight the importance of ecosystem adaptation and reaction of plant functional types to N deposition, when predicting the future C balance of N-polluted cool temperate bogs.

Effects of composted feedlot manure on the chemical characteristics of duplex soils in north-eastern Victoria

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 369 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Slattery ◽  
B. Christy ◽  
B. M. Carmody ◽  
B. Gales
Keyword(s):  
Soil Profile ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
North Eastern

The beef feedlot industry in Australia produces a large amount of solid organic by-product each year that is currently applied to agricultural land as a fertiliser supplement. Manure is known to be a valuable source of organic matter and some plant nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus. In addition, manure contains excessive quantities of cations such as sodium (Na) and potassium (K), which may result in long-term sustainability problems for the soil, particularly when large amounts are applied over short time periods. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of composted beef feedlot manure when applied to agricultural soils. Two sites were selected, one a brown Dermosol and the other a red Kurosol, both in north-eastern Victoria near the Rutherglen Research Institute. Both sites received rates of manure up to 109 t/ha in 1996. In 1997 soil samples were collected and compared with untreated control soils. The Dermosol site was sown to an oat and clover mixture in 1996 and 1997 and the red Kurosol was sown to lupin in 1996 and wheat in 1997. The application of composted bovine manure resulted in a 1% increase in soil organic carbon, an increase in soil pH by 1.5 units, increased levels of magnesium, calcium, nitrogen and K in the surface 10 cm soil layer at both sites and an increase in extractable phosphorus levels in the subsoil. There was no detectable increase in surface Na, although there was a small but significant decrease in Na in the 40–80 cm soil layer. It is suggested that soluble organic compounds, migrating down through the soil profile are able to complex with Na and effectively remove some of this cation from the exchange sites of the clay surfaces. In addition, the high porosity of these soils coupled with the high degree of Na mobility ensures that most of this cation is transported deeper into the soil profile. The beneficial effects of applying composted manure are promising as a means of reducing sodicity although these results will require further validation. In addition, the long-term effects of saturating subsurface soil with Na are also a cause for concern and need to be further investigated.

Nitrate accumulation in the soil profile: Long-term effects of tillage, rotation and N rate in a Mediterranean Vertisol

2013 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis López-Bellido ◽  
Verónica Muñoz-Romero ◽  
Rafael J. López-Bellido
Keyword(s):  
Soil Profile ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Nitrate Accumulation

Long-term effects of tillage and nitrogen fertilization on soil C and N fractions in a corn-soybean rotation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mervin St. Luce ◽  
Noura Ziadi ◽  
Martin H. Chantigny ◽  
Justin Braun
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Total N ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
C And N ◽  
N Rates

Tillage and nitrogen (N) fertilization can influence soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics, but their interactive effects remain contradictory. A long-term (25 yr) corn (Zea mays L.)-soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) rotation was used to investigate the effect of tillage [moldboard plow (MP) and no-till (NT)] and N rates (0, 80 and 160 kg N ha-1) on soil organic carbon (SOC), total N (STN), respiration, and SOM fractions [particulate organic matter (POMC, POMN), mineral-associated organic matter (MAOMC, MAOMN), and microbial biomass (MBC, MBN)]. Results indicate that NT had 27% higher SOC and 24% higher STN than MP in the 0-20 cm depth. Furthermore, SOC and STN stocks (0-20 cm) were 22% and 20% higher, respectively, under NT than MP. There was significant stratification under NT, with a rather uniform distribution under MP. The SOM fractions and soil respiration were 28-275% and 20-83% higher at the 0-5 and 5-10 cm depths, respectively, under NT than MP. Interestingly, N fertilizer rate or its interaction with tillage had no impact, except for respiration (tillage × N rate and N rate × depth). Hence, while N addition was required for adequate grain production and increased cumulative plant C and N inputs, our findings indicate that the vertical distribution of SOC, STN and SOM fractions were affected by tillage, thereby influencing resource accessibility and subsequent dynamics of SOM fractions. Taken together, our results support the adoption of NT and judicious use of N fertilizers for enhancing topsoil SOM storage and fertility under humid temperate conditions.

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