Design, fabrication, and characterisation of a silicon microneedle array for transdermal therapeutic delivery using a single step wet etch process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Howells ◽  
Gareth J. Blayney ◽  
Benedetta Gualeni ◽  
James C. Birchall ◽  
Pey F. Eng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Step ◽  
Microneedle Array ◽  
Therapeutic Delivery ◽  
Wet Etch

scholarly journals High-Identical Numerical Aperture, Multifocal Microlens Array through Single-Step Multi-Sized Hole Patterning Photolithography

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1068
Author(s):  
Joong Hoon Lee ◽  
Sehui Chang ◽  
Min Seok Kim ◽  
Yeong Jae Kim ◽  
Hyun Myung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Aperture ◽  
Microlens Array ◽  
Depth Estimation ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Depth Of Field ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Depth Sensor ◽  
Plane Image ◽  
Wet Etch ◽  
Photolithography Process

Imaging applications based on microlens arrays (MLAs) have a great potential for the depth sensor, wide field-of-view camera and the reconstructed hologram. However, the narrow depth-of-field remains the challenge for accurate, reliable depth estimation. Multifocal microlens array (Mf-MLAs) is perceived as a major breakthrough, but existing fabrication methods are still hindered by the expensive, low-throughput, and dissimilar numerical aperture (NA) of individual lenses due to the multiple steps in the photolithography process. This paper reports the fabrication method of high NA, Mf-MLAs for the extended depth-of-field using single-step photolithography assisted by chemical wet etching. The various lens parameters of Mf-MLAs are manipulated by the multi-sized hole photomask and the wet etch time. Theoretical and experimental results show that the Mf-MLAs have three types of lens with different focal lengths, while maintaining the uniform and high NA irrespective of the lens type. Additionally, we demonstrate the multi-focal plane image acquisition via Mf-MLAs integrated into a microscope.

V884: Demonstration of a Novel Single-Step Percutaneous Access Sheath for Nephrostolithotomy: A Video Presentation

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 240-240
Author(s):  
Premal J. Desai ◽  
David A. Hadley ◽  
Lincoln J. Maynes ◽  
D. Duane Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Single Step ◽  
Video Presentation ◽  
Percutaneous Access ◽  
Access Sheath

Effect of Lipoprotein(a) and LDL on Plasminogen Binding to Extracellular Matrix and on Matrix-dependent Plasminogen Activation by Tissue Plasminogen Activator

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (03) ◽  
pp. 497-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadewijch L M Pekelharing ◽  
Henne A Kleinveld ◽  
Pieter F C.C.M Duif ◽  
Bonno N Bouma ◽  
Herman J M van Rijn
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Plasminogen Activation ◽  
Structural Homology ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen ◽  
Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

SummaryLp(a) is an LDL-like lipoprotein plus an additional apolipoprotein apo(a). Based on the structural homology of apo(a) with plasminogen, it is hypothesized that Lp(a) interferes with fibrinolysis. Extracellular matrix (ECM) produced by human umbilical vein endothelial cells was used to study the effect of Lp(a) and LDL on plasminogen binding and activation. Both lipoproteins were isolated from the same plasma in a single step. Plasminogen bound to ECM via its lysine binding sites. Lp(a) as well as LDL were capable of competing with plasminogen binding. The degree of inhibition was dependent on the lipoprotein donor as well as the ECM donor. When Lp(a) and LDL obtained from one donor were compared, Lp(a) was always a much more potent competitor. The effect of both lipoproteins on plasminogen binding was reflected in their effect on plasminogen activation. It is speculated that Lp(a) interacts with ECM via its LDL-like lipoprotein moiety as well as via its apo(a) moiety.

Purification of Urokinase from Complex Mixtures Using Immobilized Monoclonal Antibody Against Urokinase Light Chain

1983 ◽  
Vol 49 (01) ◽  
pp. 024-027 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Vetterlein ◽  
Gary J Calton
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Light Chain ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Single Step ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Commercial Preparation ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tissue Culture Media

SummaryThe preparation of a monoclonal antibody (MAB) against high molecular weight (HMW) urokinase light chain (20,000 Mr) is described. This MAB was immobilized and the resulting immunosorbent was used to isolate urokinase starting with an impure commercial preparation, fresh urine, spent tissue culture media, or E. coli broth without preliminary dialysis or concentration steps. Monospecific antibodies appear to provide a rapid single step method of purifying urokinase, in high yield, from a variety of biological fluids.

Distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in different eco zones of Thiruvananthapuram city with special reference to dengue viremia in humans

ENTOMON ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-230
Author(s):  
S. Sunil Kumar ◽  
D.A. Evans ◽  
K. Muthulakshmi ◽  
T. DilipKumar ◽  
R. Heera Pillai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Dengue Shock Syndrome ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Distribution Study ◽  
Urban Zone ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Vector Management ◽  
Efficient Vector

Mosquito index study of three ecologically different ecozones of the Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala showed sharp difference on the proportionate distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Human dengue viremia (HDV) was very high in those ecozones where A.aegypti density was high and HDV was low where A.albopictus was high. In a coastal zone of Thiruvananthapuram city, A. aegypti was the most abundant vector and in a hilly, arid suburban zone, A.albopictus was the abundant vector. In the urban zone both species of mosquitoes showed equal distribution. Study on the circulating serotypes in the serum of HDV by Single step single tube Multiplex PCR showed all the four serotypes viz DENV1, DENV2, DENV3 and DENV4 in patients of Thiruvananthapuram city, which indicated the possibility of Dengue Shock Syndrome, unless there is efficient vector management. Among the four dengue serotypes, Type 1 was the most abundant virus. Abundance of microhabitats in Thiruvananthapuram city, which support A. aegypti may be the reason for high prevalence of dengue fever in the urban zone.

Nonlinear dynamics of a shell encapsulated microbubble near solid boundary in an ultrasonic field

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 7235-7243
Author(s):  
N.M. Ali ◽  
F. Dzaharudin ◽  
E.A. Alias
Keyword(s):  
Oscillation Amplitude ◽  
Ultrasonic Field ◽  
Dynamical Behaviour ◽  
Ultrasound Contrast Agents ◽  
Chaotic Behaviour ◽  
Solid Boundary ◽  
Driving Frequency ◽  
Pressure Amplitude ◽  
Radial Expansion ◽  
Therapeutic Delivery

Microbubbles have the potential to be used for diagnostic imaging and therapeutic delivery. However, the transition from microbubbles currently being used as ultrasound contrast agents to achieve its’ potentials in the biomedical field requires more in depth understanding. Of particular importance is the influence of microbubble encapsulation of a microbubble near a vessel wall on the dynamical behaviour as it stabilizes the bubble. However, many bubble studies do not consider shell encapsulation in their studies. In this work, the dynamics of an encapsulated microbubble near a boundary was studied by numerically solving the governing equations for microbubble oscillation. In order to elucidate the effects of a boundary to the non-linear microbubble oscillation the separation distances between microbubble will be varied along with the acoustic driving. The complex nonlinear vibration response was studied in terms of bifurcation diagrams and the maximum radial expansion. It was found that the increase in distance between the boundary and the encapsulated bubble will increase the oscillation amplitude. When the value of pressure amplitude increased the single bubble is more likely to exhibit the chaotic behaviour and maximum radius also increase as the inter wall-bubble distance is gradually increased. While, with higher driving frequency the maximum radial expansion decreases and suppress the chaotic behaviour.

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