Responses of crop yields, soil enzymatic activities, and microbial communities to different long-term organic materials applied with chemical fertilizer in purple soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 103319
Author(s):  
Lu Chen ◽  
Xiubin Wang ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Song Guo ◽  
Ruili Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Purple Soil ◽  
Soil Enzymatic Activities

scholarly journals Replacing Synthetic Nitrogen Fertilizer with Different Types of Organic Materials Improves Grain Yield in China: A Meta-Analysis

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2429
Author(s):  
Xiaoru Fan ◽  
Zekai Chen ◽  
Zihan Niu ◽  
Ruiyao Zeng ◽  
Jingmin Ou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Synthetic Nitrogen Fertilizer

Synthetic nitrogen fertilizer substitution (NSS) with different types of organic material is a cleaner agricultural practice for reducing the application of synthetic N input in farmlands while also relieving the environmental issues caused by the discharge of organic wastes. However, the effects of the NSS practice on crop yields, being the primary objective of agricultural activity, is still uncertain in China. This study conducted a meta-analysis to assess the impacts of the NSS practices with different types of organic materials on crop yields. Results showed that the average crop yield was increased by 3.4%, with significant differences under NSS, thereby demonstrating that this practice contributed to improving crop yields, especially of rice and maize. According to published reports, the NSS practices involving chicken manure, pig manure, and crop straw increased crop yields by 4.79, 7.68, and 3.28%, respectively, with significant differences, thus demonstrating the superior effects needed for replacing synthetic N fertilizer. Moreover, substitution ratios (SR) between 0% and 60% could be suggested when using the NSS practice, with the high SR recommended when the original soil fertility was adequate for crops. Considering the long-term effects of applied organic materials, improving the grain yield with the NSS practice should be expected in the long-term. By effectively applying the NSS, this study attempted to scientifically decide on the type of organic materials and the appropriate SR based on the conditions of the soil and the crop. The results provide research information for the development of clean agricultural production and food security in China.

scholarly journals Changes in Enzymatic Activities and Microbial Communities in Soil under Long-Term Maize Monoculture and Crop Rotation

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Gałązka ◽  
Karolina Gawyjołek ◽  
Andrzej Perzyński ◽  
Rafał Gałązka ◽  
Księżak Jerzy
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Enzymatic Activities

Impacts of long-term fertilization on the soil microbial communities in double-cropped paddy fields

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (7) ◽  
pp. 857-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Tang ◽  
Y. L. Xu ◽  
X. P. Xiao ◽  
C. Li ◽  
W. Y. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial

AbstractThe response of soil microbial communities to soil quality changes is a sensitive indicator of soil ecosystem health. The current work investigated soil microbial communities under different fertilization treatments in a 31-year experiment using the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profile method. The experiment consisted of five fertilization treatments: without fertilizer input (CK), chemical fertilizer alone (MF), rice (Oryza sativaL.) straw residue and chemical fertilizer (RF), low manure rate and chemical fertilizer (LOM), and high manure rate and chemical fertilizer (HOM). Soil samples were collected from the plough layer and results indicated that the content of PLFAs were increased in all fertilization treatments compared with the control. The iC15:0 fatty acids increased significantly in MF treatment but decreased in RF, LOM and HOM, while aC15:0 fatty acids increased in these three treatments. Principal component (PC) analysis was conducted to determine factors defining soil microbial community structure using the 21 PLFAs detected in all treatments: the first and second PCs explained 89.8% of the total variance. All unsaturated and cyclopropyl PLFAs except C12:0 and C15:0 were highly weighted on the first PC. The first and second PC also explained 87.1% of the total variance among all fertilization treatments. There was no difference in the first and second PC between RF and HOM treatments. The results indicated that long-term combined application of straw residue or organic manure with chemical fertilizer practices improved soil microbial community structure more than the mineral fertilizer treatment in double-cropped paddy fields in Southern China.

Impact of salinity-tolerant MCM6 transgenic tobacco on soil enzymatic activities and the functional diversity of rhizosphere microbial communities

2012 ◽  
Vol 163 (8) ◽  
pp. 511-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasvi Chaudhry ◽  
Hung Quang Dang ◽  
Ngoc Quang Tran ◽  
Aradhana Mishra ◽  
Puneet Singh Chauhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Soil Enzymatic Activities

scholarly journals Soil nematode abundances were increased by an incremental nutrient input in a paddy-upland rotation system

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hu ◽  
X. G. Xia ◽  
X. M. Han ◽  
Y. F. Chen ◽  
Y. Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Field ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Nutrient Input ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Rotation System

Abstract To study the effect of fertilization on soil nematode communities in a paddy-upland rotation system, an ongoing thirty-three years long-term fertilizer experiment is conducted which includes seven treatments; an unfertilized treatment (control), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) fertilizer treatments (N, NP, NPK) and organic manure (M) combined with chemical fertilizer treatments (MN, MNP, and MNPK). The soil nematode community structure and crop yields were determined in 2012 and 2013. Overall total nematode abundance was increased by an incremental nutrient input both in the rice and wheat fields. Total number of nematode was 1.25 - 2.37 times greater in the rice field and was 1.08 - 2.97 times greater in wheat field in the fertilization treatments than in the unfertilized treatment. Soil free-living nematode abundances was significantly (P < 0.001) increased in organic manure combined with chemical fertilizer treatments in rice field. Fungi-feeders and plant-feeding nematodes abundances were not significantly different among treatments in rice and wheat fields. Omnivorous and predatory nematodes were the most dominant groups in the present study. Omnivores, predators and Prodorylaimus abundances were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in organic manure combined with NPK fertilizer treatments than in chemical fertilizer alone and unfertilized treatments both in rice and wheat fields. Stepwise regressions revealed that soil free-living nematodes were significant predictors of rice grain yields (R2 = 0.56, P < 0.001) and omnivorous and predatory nematodes were significant predictors of the wheat grain yield (R2 = 0.89, P < 0.001). Therefore, long-term application of organic manure combined with chemical fertilizer could increase nematode abundances and crop yields. Organic manure combined with chemical fertilizer application was recommended in agricultural ecosystem.

scholarly journals Chitosan-Urea Nanocomposite for Improved Fertilizer Applications: The Effect on the Soil Enzymatic Activities and Microflora Dynamics in N Cycle of Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 2887
Author(s):  
Rohini Kondal ◽  
Anu Kalia ◽  
Ondrej Krejcar ◽  
Kamil Kuca ◽  
Sat Pal Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Hydrolysis Rate ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizer ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
N Dynamics ◽  
Soil Enzymatic Activities ◽  
The Impact

The impact of polymer-based slow-release urea formulations on soil microbial N dynamics in potatoes has been sparingly deciphered. The present study investigated the effect of a biodegradable nano-polymer urea formulation on soil enzymatic activities and microflora involved in the N cycling of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). The nano-chitosan-urea composite (NCUC) treatment significantly increased the soil dehydrogenase activity, organic carbon content and available potassium compared to the conventional urea (CU) treatment. The soil ammonical nitrogen (NH4+-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N) contents and urease activity were significantly decreased in the NCUC-amended soil. The slow urea hydrolysis rate led to low concentrations of NH4+-N and NO3−-N in the tested potato soil. Furthermore, these results corroborate the low count of ammonia oxidizer and nitrate reducer populations. Quantitative PCR (q-PCR) studies revealed that the relative abundance of eubacterial (AOB) and archaeal ammonia-oxidizing (AOA) populations was reduced in the NCUC-treated soil compared to CU. The abundance of AOA was particularly lower than AOB, probably due to the more neutral and alkaline conditions of the tested soil. Our results suggest that the biodegradable polymer urea composite had a significant effect on the microbiota associated with soil N dynamics. Therefore, the developed NCUC could be used as a slow N-release fertilizer for enhanced growth and crop yields of potato.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document