scholarly journals How decentralization drives a change of the institutional framework on the distribution grid level in the electricity sector – The case of local congestion markets

Energy Policy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 111725
Author(s):  
Marius Buchmann
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Grid Level

scholarly journals Load Management Strategies to Increase Electric Vehicle Penetration—Case Study on a Local Distribution Network in Stockholm

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4809
Author(s):  
Monika Topel ◽  
Josefine Grundius
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Load Management ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Integration Of Renewables ◽  
The Impact

As part of decarbonization efforts, countries are adapting their energy policies accordingly. Sweden has established ambitious energy goals, which include CO2 emissions reduction in the transport sector and high integration of renewables in the electricity sector. Coupling the two can be an enabling force towards fossil freedom. An increased share of electric vehicles is therefore a promising solution in this regard. However, there are challenges concerning the impact that a surge of electric vehicles would have on the electric infrastructure. Moreover, in Stockholm there is a shortage of power capacity due to limitations in the national transmission infrastructure, which further aggravates the situation. This paper develops a scenario-based simulation study to evaluate the impact of electric vehicle loads on the distribution grid of a Stockholm neighborhood. In this process, limiting factors and bottlenecks in the network were identified as being related to the peak power and transformer capacities for the years of 2025 and 2031. Two load management strategies and their potential to mitigate the power peaks generated from uncontrolled charging were investigated for the critical years.

scholarly journals Electric Vehicle–Grid Integration with Voltage Regulation in Radial Distribution Networks

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Cao ◽  
Zhouquan Wu ◽  
Bo Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Grid Integration ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Voltage Compensation ◽  
Control Schemes ◽  
Grid Level

In this paper, a vehicle–grid integration (VGI) control strategy for radial power distribution networks is presented. The control schemes are designed at both microgrid level and distribution level. At the VGI microgrid level, the available power capacity for electric vehicle (EV) charging is optimally allocated for charging electric vehicles to meet charging requirements. At the distribution grid level, a distributed voltage compensation algorithm is designed to recover voltage violation when it happens at a distribution node. The voltage compensation is achieved through a negotiation between the grid-level agent and VGI microgrid agents using the alternating direction method of multipliers. In each negotiation round, individual agents pursue their own objectives. The computation can be carried out in parallel for each agent. The presented VGI control schemes are simulated and verified in a modified IEEE 37 bus distribution system. The simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the VGI control algorithms and the effect of algorithm parameters on the convergence of agent negotiation.

scholarly journals Reducing Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Electricity Sector Using Smart Electric Grid Applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamiaa Abdallah ◽  
Tarek El-Shennawy
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Steam Turbines ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Electric Grid ◽  
Transmission And Distribution

Approximately 40% of global CO2emissions are emitted from electricity generation through the combustion of fossil fuels to generate heat needed to power steam turbines. Burning these fuels results in the production of carbon dioxide (CO2)—the primary heat-trapping, “greenhouse gas” responsible for global warming. Applying smart electric grid technologies can potentially reduce CO2emissions. Electric grid comprises three major sectors: generation, transmission and distribution grid, and consumption. Smart generation includes the use of renewable energy sources (wind, solar, or hydropower). Smart transmission and distribution relies on optimizing the existing assets of overhead transmission lines, underground cables, transformers, and substations such that minimum generating capacities are required in the future. Smart consumption will depend on the use of more efficient equipment like energy-saving lighting lamps, enabling smart homes and hybrid plug-in electric vehicles technologies. A special interest is given to the Egyptian case study. Main opportunities for Egypt include generating electricity from wind and solar energy sources and its geographical location that makes it a perfect center for interconnecting electrical systems from the Nile basin, North Africa, Gulf, and Europe. Challenges include shortage of investments, absence of political will, aging of transmission and distribution infrastructure, and lack of consumer awareness for power utilization.

Decentralised Electricity Markets and Proactive Customer Behaviour

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 781
Author(s):  
Jens Maiwald ◽  
Tino Schuette
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Regional Energy ◽  
Base Scenario ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Grid Level ◽  
Level Running

The energy transition in Germany takes part in decentral structures. With the ongoing integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) into the electricity supply system, supply-side is therefore becoming increasingly decentral and volatile due to the specific generation characteristics. A rather inflexible demand-side, on the other hand, increases the effort to gain the necessary equilibrium between generation and consumption. This paper discusses how consumer behaviour can be influenced by real-time pricing to align demand with generation. Therefore, a combination of two different approaches is used, (I) The Cellular Approach (CA) and (II) Agent Based Modelling (ABM). A model is set up considering a regional energy market, where regional electricity products can be traded peer-to-peer regarding each consumer’s preferences. The observation is made for a whole distribution grid including all types of consumers. The investigations show that energy purchases can be stimulated individually by a flexible pricing mechanism and met preferences. Moreover, benefits occur for the whole region and potentials arise to smooth the exchange balance to the superordinate grid level. Running the model for one entire year in a conservative generation scenario, hours of oversupply could be reduced by 18% and the consumption of green electricity generated regionally could be increased by over 125 MWh within the region itself, in comparison to a base scenario.

Vietnam electricity wholesale reform to spark industry

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Price Competition ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Stage Process ◽  
Growing Economy ◽  
Service Standards

Subject Liberalisation of Vietnam's electricity sector. Significance Electricity Vietnam (EVN) will lose its wholesale electricity distribution monopoly from 2016, following a mid-August Ministry of Industry and Trade announcement. Private wholesale power distributors will be able to operate, while independent power producers will no longer have to sell their output solely to EVN. Price competition will be permitted within government-set caps. The move, part of a three-stage process to liberalise Vietnam's electricity sector, reflects widespread disenchantment with EVN and a realisation that with the power-distribution grid under constant strain from a growing economy, a more competitive sector is needed to support economic and industrial development. Impacts More sophisticated power production, distribution and pricing mechanisms will be developed. Lower power costs would reduce business overheads, contributing to economic growth. Increased competition among electricity wholesalers should raise service standards. Public-private partnerships will probably increasingly happen in power projects. Foreign companies may take these up if regulations for the sector are sufficient.

Phase-space exploration of unit ensembles in energy management

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Jörg Bremer ◽  
Sebastian Lehnhoff
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Ancillary Service ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Transmission Grid ◽  
Grid Level

AbstractCurrently, a transition of the electrical power system occurs that results in replacing large-scale thermal power plants at transmission grid level by small generation units mainly installed in the distribution grid. A shift from the transmission to the distribution grid level and an increase in ancillary service demand is a direct result of this transition, demanding delegation of liabilities to distributed, small energy resources. Decoder-based methods currently are not able to cope with ensembles of individually acting energy resources. Aggregating flexibilities results in folded distributions with unfavorable properties for machine learning decoders. Nevertheless, a combined training set is needed to integrate e. g., a hotel, a small business, or similar with an ensemble of co-generation, heat pump, solar power, or controllable consumers to a single flexibility model. Thus, we improved the training process and use evolution strategies for sampling ensembles.

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