scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance genes in bacterial and bacteriophage fractions of Tunisian and Spanish wastewaters as markers to compare the antibiotic resistance patterns in each population

2014 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 167-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Colomer-Lluch ◽  
William Calero-Cáceres ◽  
Sihem Jebri ◽  
Fatma Hmaied ◽  
Maite Muniesa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

scholarly journals The mosaic architecture of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida pAsa4 plasmid and its consequences on antibiotic resistance

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine H Tanaka ◽  
Antony T Vincent ◽  
Mélanie V Trudel ◽  
Valérie E Paquet ◽  
Michel Frenette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Mobile Genetic Elements ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Genomic Plasticity ◽  
Genetic Elements ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, the causative agent of furunculosis in salmonids, is an issue especially because many isolates of this bacterium display antibiotic resistances, which limit treatments against the disease. Recent results suggested the possible existence of alternative forms of pAsa4, a large plasmid found in A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida and bearing multiple antibiotic resistance genes. The present study reveals the existence of two newly detected pAsa4 variants, pAsa4b and pAsa4c. We present the extensive characterization of the genomic architecture, the mobile genetic elements and the antimicrobial resistances genes of these plasmids in addition to the reference pAsa4 from the strain A449. The analysis showed differences between the three architectures with consequences on the content of resistance genes. The genomic plasticity of the three pAsa4 variants could be partially explained by the action of mobile genetic elements like insertion sequences. Isolates from Canada and Europe that bore similar antibiotic resistance patterns than pAsa4-bearing strains were genotyped and specific pAsa4 variants could be attributed to phenotypic profiles. pAsa4 and pAsa4c were found in Europe, while pAsa4b was found in Canada. The plasticity of pAsa4 variants related to the acquisition of antibiotic resistance indicates that these plasmids may pose a threat in terms of the dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant A.salmonicida subsp. salmonicida bacteria.

scholarly journals The mosaic architecture of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida pAsa4 plasmid and its consequences on antibiotic resistance

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine H Tanaka ◽  
Antony T Vincent ◽  
Mélanie V Trudel ◽  
Valérie E Paquet ◽  
Michel Frenette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Mobile Genetic Elements ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Genomic Plasticity ◽  
Genetic Elements ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, the causative agent of furunculosis in salmonids, is an issue especially because many isolates of this bacterium display antibiotic resistances, which limit treatments against the disease. Recent results suggested the possible existence of alternative forms of pAsa4, a large plasmid found in A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida and bearing multiple antibiotic resistance genes. The present study reveals the existence of two newly detected pAsa4 variants, pAsa4b and pAsa4c. We present the extensive characterization of the genomic architecture, the mobile genetic elements and the antimicrobial resistances genes of these plasmids in addition to the reference pAsa4 from the strain A449. The analysis showed differences between the three architectures with consequences on the content of resistance genes. The genomic plasticity of the three pAsa4 variants could be partially explained by the action of mobile genetic elements like insertion sequences. Isolates from Canada and Europe that bore similar antibiotic resistance patterns than pAsa4-bearing strains were genotyped and specific pAsa4 variants could be attributed to phenotypic profiles. pAsa4 and pAsa4c were found in Europe, while pAsa4b was found in Canada. The plasticity of pAsa4 variants related to the acquisition of antibiotic resistance indicates that these plasmids may pose a threat in terms of the dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant A.salmonicida subsp. salmonicida bacteria.

scholarly journals The mosaic architecture ofAeromonas salmonicidasubsp.salmonicidapAsa4 plasmid and its consequences on antibiotic resistance

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine H. Tanaka ◽  
Antony T. Vincent ◽  
Mélanie V. Trudel ◽  
Valérie E. Paquet ◽  
Michel Frenette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Mobile Genetic Elements ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Genetic Elements ◽  
Transfer Genes ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Aeromonas salmonicidasubsp.salmonicida, the causative agent of furunculosis in salmonids, is an issue especially because many isolates of this bacterium display antibiotic resistances, which limit treatments against the disease. Recent results suggested the possible existence of alternative forms of pAsa4, a large plasmid found inA. salmonicidasubsp.salmonicidaand bearing multiple antibiotic resistance genes. The present study reveals the existence of two newly detected pAsa4 variants, pAsa4b and pAsa4c. We present the extensive characterization of the genomic architecture, the mobile genetic elements and the antimicrobial resistance genes of these plasmids in addition to the reference pAsa4 from the strain A449. The analysis showed differences between the three architectures with consequences on the content of resistance genes. The genomic plasticity of the three pAsa4 variants could be partially explained by the action of mobile genetic elements like insertion sequences. Eight additional isolates from Canada and Europe that bore similar antibiotic resistance patterns as pAsa4-bearing strains were genotyped and specific pAsa4 variants could be attributed to phenotypic profiles. pAsa4 and pAsa4c were found in Europe, while pAsa4b was found in Canada. In accordance with their content in conjugative transfer genes, only pAsa4b and pAsa4c can be transferred by conjugation inEscherichia coli. The plasticity of pAsa4 variants related to the acquisition of antibiotic resistance indicates that these plasmids may pose a threat in terms of the dissemination of antimicrobial-resistantA. salmonicidasubsp.salmonicidabacteria.

Antibiotic resistance patterns of Pseudomonas spp. isolated from faecal wastes in the environment and contaminated surface water

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathilde Camiade ◽  
Josselin Bodilis ◽  
Naouel Chaftar ◽  
Wassila Riah-Anglet ◽  
Johan Gardères ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Pathogenic Species ◽  
Pseudomonas Species ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Faecal Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

ABSTRACT The Pseudomonas genus, which includes environmental and pathogenic species, is known to present antibiotic resistances, and can receive resistance genes from multi-resistant enteric bacteria released into the environment via faecal rejects. This study was aimed to investigate the resistome of Pseudomonas populations that have been in contact with these faecal bacteria. Thus, faecal discharges originating from human or cattle were sampled (from 12 points and two sampling campaigns) and 41 Pseudomonas species identified (316 isolates studied). The resistance phenotype to 25 antibiotics was determined in all isolates, and we propose a specific antibiotic resistance pattern for 14 species (from 2 to 9 resistances). None showed resistance to aminoglycosides, tetracycline, or polymyxins. Four species carried a very low number of resistances, with none to β-lactams. Interestingly, we observed the absence of the transcriptional activator soxR gene in these four species. No plasmid transfer was highlighted by conjugation assays, and a few class 1 but no class 2 integrons were detected in strains that may have received resistance genes from Enterobacteria. These results imply that the contribution of the Pseudomonas genus to the resistome of an ecosystem first depends on the structure of the Pseudomonas populations, as they may have very different resistance profiles.

scholarly journals 849. Whole Genome Sequencing Analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates Reveals Diversity in Genetic Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S464-S466
Author(s):  
Ryan Beaver ◽  
Hosoon Choi ◽  
Chetan Jinadatha ◽  
Keith S Kaye ◽  
Piyali Chatterjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Veterans Affairs ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Department Of Veterans Affairs ◽  
Material Support ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns ◽  
Research Grant

Abstract Background Klebsiella pneumoniae is among the leading causes of healthcare-associated infections (HAI). Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Klebsiella variants are difficult to treat and have been reported with increasing frequency in hospitals. Whole genome multi-locus sequence typing (wg-MLST) of K. pneumoniae HAI isolates was used to compare antibiotic resistance genetic patterns against epidemiologic typing. Figure 1. Prevalence of ABX resistance genes for each drug class. Figure 2. Prevalence of ABX resistance genes by hospital. Methods Forty-six clinical bacterial HAI isolates were collected from patients admitted to two disparate tertiary care hospitals in Detroit, Michigan between 2017 and 2019. Data output from wg-MLST was de novo assembled using SPAdes (version 3.7.1) assembler on the Bionumerics calculation engine. Minimum spanning tree (MST) analysis categorized isolates into unique MLST Pasteur serotypes (ST). Antimicrobial resistance genes and/or chromosomal mutations were identified using the ResFinder Database (version 3.2). K. pneumoniae isolates were compared for antibiotic-resistance patterns by hospital, unit, and ST. Figure 3. Hospital 1 clusters and strains that detected gene qnr1, arranged by unit for visual comparison. Figure 4. Sample of clinically significant genes and prevalence, excluding SHV family of genes for simplicity. Results There was significant genetic diversity among the isolates, and no predominant strain was identified. MST analysis revealed 17 unique strains. Only six strains had genetically unique resistance genes detected in more than one isolate, and only three of six were hospital-specific; none were unit-specific. Out of the 75 unique resistance genes detected, only 8 genes had a prevalence >50%: oqxA (100%), oqxB (100%), fosA (89%), blaCTX-M-15 (76%), aac(6’)-Ib-cr (61%), blaTEM-1B (52%), blaOXA-1 (52%), and catB3 (52%). No colistin resistance genes were detected. Of the remaining 69 low-prevalence resistance genes, only 8 hospital-specific genes were detected in more than one isolate (qnrB1, blaSHV-1, blaSHV-110, ac(6’)-Ib3, blaCTX-M-3, blaSHV-36, blaSHV-80, blaSHV-178) with a prevalence range of 4%-22%. Conclusion Our genetic analysis of antibiotic resistance patterns and wg-MLST revealed significant heterogeneity among the isolates, indicating no common source of transmission for either hospital. Although K. pneumoniae is a very common nosocomial pathogen, etiologic analysis suggests diverse community strains (e.g., gut colonization) may actually be responsible for previously-designated HAI. Disclosures Chetan Jinadatha, MD, MPH, AHRQ (Research Grant or Support)Department of Veterans Affairs (Other Financial or Material Support, Owner: Department of Veterans Affairs. Licensed to: Xenex Disinfection System, San Antonio, TX)Inventor (Other Financial or Material Support, Methods for organizing the disinfection of one or more items contaminated with biological agents)NiH/NINR (Research Grant or Support)NSF (Research Grant or Support)Xenex Healthcare Services (Research Grant or Support) Mark Stibich, PhD MHS, Xenex Disinfection Services, Inc (Board Member, Employee)

scholarly journals Isolation, detection of virulence genes, antibiotic resistance genes, plasmid profile, and molecular typing among Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated in Malaysian seawater from recreational beaches and fish

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1140-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orooba Meteab Faja ◽  
Ali Abd Sharad ◽  
Khansa Mohammed Younis ◽  
Merriam Ghadhanfar Alwan ◽  
Basima Jasim Mohammed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Plasmid Profile ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Gene Markers ◽  
Recreational Beaches ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Background and Aim: Despite the importance of the global emergence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections worldwide, there has been scanty information on its occurrence in Malaysian seawaters and fish. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of V. parahaemolyticus isolates using polymerase chain reaction targeted at toxin operon gene, thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh), and tdh-related hemolysin genes and to determine antibiotic resistance pattern, genes, and plasmid profile of V. parahaemolyticus from Malaysian seawaters and fish. Materials and Methods: Samples were collected from four recreational beaches in Malaysia (Port Klang; Bachok; Port Dickson; and Mersing). Thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose (TCBS) agar and chromogenic Vibrio agar were used for isolation and identification. Colonies with yellow color on TCBS and green color on chromogenic vibrio (CV) agar were considered to be V. parahaemolyticus and they were subjected to biochemical tests. All V. parahaemolyticus isolates were further subjected to identification using seven specific gene markers. Results: Seventy-three Vibrio isolates were recovered. Only one gene tdh> from seawater isolates of Vibrio has high virulence gene percentage (95.23%). Two genes alkaline serine protease (asp) and (tdh) had high percentage of virulence (83.87% and 80.64%, respectively) from fish. Comparatively, fish isolates have a higher virulence percentage compared to seawater isolates. Only gene streptomycin resistance B (strB) from seawater had 100% of the resistance genes. All isolates were multi-antibiotic resistant. Seventeen antibiotic resistance patterns were observed. The isolates had plasmids of varying sizes ranging from 2.7 kb to 42.4 kb. Dendrogram based on antibiotic resistance patterns of V. parahaemolyticus isolates discriminated the isolates into three clusters. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the occurrence of pathogenic, multi-antibiotic-resistant V. parahaemolyticus strains in Malaysian coastal waters and fish, and this could constitute potential public health risks.

Identification of drug-resistant phenotypes and resistance genes in Enterococcus faecalis isolates from animal feces originating in Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 674-682
Author(s):  
Li Zhang ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Jingwen Gao ◽  
Jianpeng Gao ◽  
Dianhua Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns ◽  
Resistance Spectrum ◽  
Susceptibility And Resistance

This study examined the presence and the antibiotic resistance patterns of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from the feces of 285 animals. Polymerase chain reaction tests verified the presence of E. faecalis from 49 pigs, 20 cows, 174 sheep, 17 horses, 21 chickens, and four dung beetles. Bacterial strains from different animals showed differences in susceptibility and resistance to the tested antimicrobials. The isolates exhibited resistance to ampicillin (6.32%), ciprofloxacin (40.00%), nitrofurantoin (1.40%), erythromycin (54.04%), streptomycin (82.11%), tetracycline (45.26%), amoxicillin (64.91%), penicillin (92.28%), and vancomycin (0.35%). The resistant strains also possessed varying complements of resistance genes including tem (77.89%), tetM (33.68%), gyrA (37.54%), parC (34.74%), aph(3′)-III (22.46%), aac(6′)/aph2″ (10.88%), and ant(6′)-I (8.42%). Genes for vancomycin resistance (vanB and vanC) and erythromycin resistance (mefA) were not detected. These results indicate high levels of antibiotic resistance among the isolates, although no positive correlation was observed between resistance genes and antibiotic resistance spectrum.

scholarly journals Role of CRISPR-Cas system on antibiotic resistance patterns of Enterococcus faecalis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pourya Gholizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Aghazadeh ◽  
Reza Ghotaslou ◽  
Mohammad Ahangarzadeh Rezaee ◽  
Tahereh Pirzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

AbstractClustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas systems are one of the factors which can contribute to limiting the development and evolution of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. There are three genomic loci of CRISPR-Cas in Enterococcus faecalis. In this study, we aimed to assess correlation of the CRISPR-Cas system distribution with the acquisition of antibiotic resistance among E. faecalis isolates. A total of 151 isolates of E. faecalis were collected from urinary tract infections (UTI) and dental-root canal (DRC). All isolates were screened for phenotypic antibiotic resistance. In addition, antibiotic resistance genes and CRISPR loci were screened by using polymerase chain reaction. Genomic background of the isolates was identified by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR. The number of multidrug-resistant E. faecalis strains were higher in UTI isolates than in DRC isolates. RAPD-PCR confirmed that genomic background was diverse in UTI and DRC isolates used in this study. CRISPR loci were highly accumulated in gentamycin-, teicoplanin-, erythromycin-, and tetracycline-susceptible strains. In concordance with drug susceptibility, smaller number of CRISPR loci were identified in vanA, tetM, ermB, aac6’-aph(2”), aadE, and ant(6) positive strains. These data indicate a negative correlation between CRISPR-cas loci and antibiotic resistance, as well as, carriage of antibiotic resistant genes in both of UTI and DRC isolates.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Patterns and Horizontal Gene Transferring of some Bacterial Species isolated from Tonsillitis in Babylon Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 289-295
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Mhawesh ◽  
Yusra A. Radeef
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
M Gene ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Antibiotics Susceptibility ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns ◽  
Pcr Test

Tonsillitis or throat infection is one of the most frequent health problems worldwide. In the current study, 100 tonsil swabs were collected from patients, who were suffering from tonsillitis and tonsillectomy and 10 control, who did not take any drugs for both genera (male and female), with age ranging from 3-82 years admitted in Al-Hilla Teaching Hospital and Babylon Hospital for birth and children and people, who are suffering from tonsillitis and living in Hilla during a period from December 2018 to May 2019. The total numbers of gram-positive (G+ve) bacteria were 75 (71.5%), while the number of gram-negative (G-ve) was 30 (28.5%). Antibiotics susceptibility was tested, and results were showed significant differences between antibiotics at (p less than 0.05). Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), in addition associated genetic elements, were distinguished by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test with definite primers. Conjugation was involved gene transfer, where the PCR test was exhibited only the successful transferring of blaTEM1A gene beginning Klebsiella pneumoniae to standard strain (Escherichia coli Hb101) with the range of conjugation frequency was 2.5 × 10-3 – 1.59 × 10-4, while the rest bacteria reveal negative results. In relevant, we observed by transformation, the successful transferring of erm B gene from bacteria Staphylococcus aureus to Streptococcus pyogenes, tet M gene from bacteria S. pyogenes to S. aureus and blaTEM1A gene from bacteria Pseudomonas. aeruginosea to K. pneumoniae, except blaIMP-1 gene was not transferred from K. pneumoniae to P. aeruginosea, where the results reveal the transformation frequency of bacteria S. aureus was 1.036˟10-1, S. pyogenes was 1.7, P. aeruginosea was 1.43 and K. pneumoniae was 2.25 × 10-1, respectively.

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