Water-absorption-trough dewatering machine for estimation of organic carbon in moist soil

2021 ◽  
pp. 117445
Author(s):  
Lixin Lin ◽  
Yunjia Wang ◽  
Xixi Liu ◽  
Xinyu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Moist Soil

scholarly journals Prediction of the Soil Organic Matter (SOM) Content from Moist Soil Using Synchronous Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy (2D-COS) Analysis

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4822
Author(s):  
Shifang Wang ◽  
Xu Cheng ◽  
Decong Zheng ◽  
Haiyan Song ◽  
Ping Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Partial Least Square Regression ◽  
Moist Soil ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Soil System

This paper illustrates a simple yet effective spectroscopic technique for the prediction of soil organic matter (SOM) from moist soil through the synchronous 2D correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) analysis. In the moist soil system, the strong overlap between the water absorption peaks and the SOM characteristic features in the visible-near infrared (Vis-NIR) spectral region have long been recognised as one of the main factors that causes significant errors in the prediction of the SOM content. The aim of the paper is to illustrate how the tangling effects due to the moisture and the SOM can be unveiled under 2D-COS through a sequential correlogram analysis of the two perturbation variables (i.e., the moisture and the SOM) independently. The main outcome from the 2D-COS analysis is the discovery of SOM-related bands at the 597 nm, 1646 nm and 2138 nm, together with the predominant water absorbance feature at the 1934 nm and the relatively less important ones at 1447 nm and 2210 nm. This information is then utilised to build partial least square regression (PLSR) models for the prediction of the SOM content. The experiment has shown that by discarding noisy bands adjacent to the SOM features, and the removal of the water absorption bands, the determination coefficient of prediction (Rp2) and the ratio of prediction to deviation (RPD) for the prediction of SOM from moist soil have achieved Rp2 = 0.92 and the RPD = 3.19, both of which are about 5% better than that of using all bands for building the PLSR model. The very high RPD (=3.19) obtained in this study may suggest that the 2D-COS technique is effective for the analysis of complex system like the prediction of SOM from moist soil.

Deployable Decentralized Biofilm System to Degrade Organic Carbon, Nutrients and Benzene from Wastewater

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Chen ◽  
Che-Jen Lin ◽  
R. Gavin Jones ◽  
Sehul Patel ◽  
Rachelle Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon

Effect of ink and paperboard characteristics on flexographic print quality based on print density

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
KHODADAD MALMIRCHEGINI ◽  
FARSHAD SARKHOSH RAHMANI
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Print Quality ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
Plastic Films ◽  
Printing Inks ◽  
Packaging Industry ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Density Results

Flexography is an evolving printing technology that is suitable for printing on coated and uncoated paperboard and board, nonporous substrates including metalized and paperboard foils, and plastic films used especially in the packaging industry. This study evaluated the effect of paperboard and ink characteristics on flexographic print density in paperboard. Three commercial paperboards from different companies were prepared: brown kraft from Thailand, white kraft from Spain, and test liner from Iran. Four samples of process print inks from Iran were used in this investigation. Paperboard properties, such as roughness and water absorption, and ink characteristics, including solids content, PH and particle diameter, were measured. The inks were printed on paperboards using a roll no.15 applicator with a blade metering device, and the print densities were measured. Results showed that solids content, pH, and particle diameter of printing inks influenced print density, while the roughness and water absorption of the three types of paperboard had no significant influence on print density. Results also illustrated that two levels of ink viscosity (25–30 and 50–55 mPa·s) were insignificant to print density.

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue from aqueous solutions using nanopillars-TiO2 thin films: Batch reactor studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lalhriatpuia
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Tio2 Thin Films ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Bet Specific Surface Area ◽  
Interfering Ions

Nanopillars-TiO2 thin films was obtained on a borosilicate glass substrate with (S1) and without (S2) polyethylene glycol as template. The photocatalytic behaviour of S1 and S2 thin films was assessed inthe degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution under batch reactor operations. The thin films were characterized by the SEM, XRD, FTIR and AFM analytical methods. BET specific surface area and pore sizes were also obtained. The XRD data confirmed that the TiO2 particles are in its anatase mineral phase. The SEM and AFM images indicated the catalyst is composed with nanosized pillars of TiO2, evenly distributed on the surface of the substrate. The BET specific surface area and pore sizes of S1 and S2 catalyst were found to be 5.217 and 1.420 m2/g and 7.77 and 4.16 nm respectively. The photocatalytic degradation of MB was well studied at wide range of physico-chemical parameters. The effect of solution pH (pH 4.0 to 10.0) and MB initial concentration (1.0 to 10.0 mg/L) was extensively studied and the effect of several interfering ions, i.e., cadmium nitrate, copper sulfate, zinc chloride, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, glycine, oxalic acid and EDTA in the photocatalytic degradation of MB was demonstrated. The maximum percent removal of MB was observed at pH 8.0 beyond which it started decreasing and a low initial concentration of the pollutant highly favoured the photocatalytic degradation using thin films and the presence of several interfering ions diminished the photocatalytic activity of thin films to some extent. The overall photocatalytic activity was in the order: S2 > S1 > UV. The photocatalytic degradation of MB was followed the pseudo-first-order rate kinetics. The mineralization of MB was studied with total organic carbon measurement using the TOC (total organic carbon) analysis.

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