Towards sustainable valorisation of Acacia melanoxylon biomass: Characterization of mature and juvenile plant tissues

2020 ◽  
Vol 191 ◽  
pp. 110090
Author(s):  
C. Chemetova ◽  
H. Ribeiro ◽  
A. Fabião ◽  
J. Gominho
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Acacia Melanoxylon ◽  
Biomass Characterization ◽  
Juvenile Plant

Isolation and Partial Characterization of Alcohol Dehydrogenase From Broad Bean (Vicia faba)

1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 579 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Leblova
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Growth Substances ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Km Value ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Alcohol dehydrogenase isolated from broad bean was found to have a Km value of 1.0 × 1.0 -2 M, a pH optimum of 8.7 and a molecular weight of 60 000 � 5000. The enzyme lost 55 % of its activity after being heated at 55�C, and was totally inactivated at 70°C. Thermal stability of the enzyme was not enhanced by NAD+ or ethanol. The substrate specificity of the enzyme is reported. Cysteine and mercaptoethanol activated the enzyme, whilep-chloromercuribenzoate, Cu2+, Hg2+, B4O72- -, Zn2+ and EDTA inhibited it. The influence of ethanol, acetaldehyde and growth substances on alcohol dehydrogenase activity in germinating broad bean seeds and plant tissues was also studied.

Biomass Production and Nutritional Characterization of Eucalyptus benthamii in the Pampa Biome, Brazil

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Claudiney Do Couto Guimarães ◽  
Dione Richer Momolli ◽  
Huan Pablo de Souza ◽  
Mauro Valdir Schumacher ◽  
Aline Aparecida Ludvichak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Utilization Coefficient ◽  
Pampa Biome ◽  
Wood Bark ◽  
Sample Inventory

The objective of this study was to evaluate the biomass production and to characterize a 7-year-old Eucalyptus benthamii stands in the Pampa-RS Biome. Initially, a sample inventory was performed for the dendrometric characterization of the stand. For the determination of biomass, nine trees were felled and fractionated in wood, bark, branch and leaves. Soil samples and plant tissues were collected and analyzed for nutritional characterization and determination of biological utilization coefficient (BUC). The average annual increment (AAI) with bark was 49.87 m3 ha-1. The biomass production was 192 Mg ha-1, distributed in wood (81.2%)> branches (11%)> bark (6,5%)> leaves (1,3%). The leaves component presented the highest nutrient concentration and the wood the highest amounts of nutrients allocated in the biomass, except for Ca and Mg, observed in the bark. The highest BUC was observed in the wood. Mg was the nutrient that provided the best efficiency with a yield of 6,014 kg of wood per kg of Mg used, followed by S, P, Ca, K and N.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF GRAPEFRUIT FLAVEDO PEROXIDASES

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 661f-661
Author(s):  
T.G. McCollum ◽  
R.E. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Specificity ◽  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Isoelectric Focusing ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Native Page ◽  
Activity Staining ◽  
Gel Permeation

Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) flavedo is a rich source of peroxidase (POD) (EC 1.11.1.7). Changes in POD have been related to senesence and environmental stress in a variety of plant tissues. However, due to the large number of POD isoenzymes as well as the broad substrate specificity, measurement of POD activity in crude extracts is of limited value for gaining an understanding of the role of POD in vivo. We have begun to purify and characterize POD isoenzymes from grapefruit flavedo. HPLC gel permeation chromatography reveals 2 peaks of POD activity with apparent MW of 66 kD and 30 kD. Native PAGE (8% bis-acrylamide, pH 8.8) followed by activity staining indicates that the PODs differ in Pi; the 30 kD POD migrates anodally, whereas the 66 kD POD does not migrate. Isoelectric focusing has been used to separate flavedo PODs into acid (Pi ca 4.0) and basic (Pi > 8.5) forms. Treatment of grapefruit with ethylene (2 ppm 72 hours) induces a basic POD not present in freshly-harvested fruit or in nonethylene-treated controls.

scholarly journals Characterization of Lectin from Colpomenia Sinuosa and Effect of Physico Chemical Parameters on Haemagglutination Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3S2) ◽  
pp. 844-848
Keyword(s):  
Marine Algae ◽  
Land Plants ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Biological Applications ◽  
Carbohydrate Specificity ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Lectin Activity ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Haemagglutination Activity

Lectin is a protein which has the ability to bind carbohydrates and named as haemagglutinin. Lectins with specific carbohydrate specificity have been purified from various plant tissues and other organisms and exploited extensively in many aspects of biochemistry and biomedicine. Similar to land plants, lectins from marine algae appear to be useful in some biological applications. Although several studies on lectins from marine algae have been reported till date, few lectins from algae have been characterized in detail. The present study was focused on the lectin isolated from C.sinuosa. The algal lectin has high sugar specificity with N-acetylglucosamine and higher enzyme activity with trypsin. This lectin was identified as CaCl2 dependent – ‘C’ type lectin and was sensitive to EDTA. Higher H.A titre value was observed with CaCl2 and the lower with MnCl2 and ZnCl2 . Significant lectin activity was observed between pH 7 to 8 and temperature between 20 to 40 O C

scholarly journals Coding, Expression, Targeting, Import and Processing of Distinct Polyphenoloxidases in Tissues of Higher Plants

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Steffens ◽  
Eithan Harel ◽  
Alfred Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Chloroplast Metabolism ◽  
Enzymic Browning ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Insight Into

Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) catalyzes the oxidation of phenols to quinones at the expense of O2. PPOs are ubiquitous in higer plants, and their role in oxidative browning of plant tissues causes large annual losses to food production. Despite the importance of PPOs to agriculture, the function(s) of PPOs in higher plants are not understood. Among other roles, PPOs have been proposed to participate in aspects of chloroplast metabolism, based on their occurrence in plastids and high Km for O2. Due to the ability of PPO to catalyze formation of highly reactive quinones, PPOs have also been proposed to be involved in a wide array of defensive interactions with insect, bacterial, and fungal pests. Physiological and biochemical studies of PPO have provided few answers to the major problems of PPO function, subcellular localization, and biochemical properties. This proposal achieved the following major objectives: cloning of PPO cDNAs in potato and tomato; characterization of the tomato PPO gene family; antisense downregulation of the tomato PPO gene family; and reduction in post-harvest enzymic browning of potato through expression of antisense PPO genes under the control of tuber-specific promoters. In addition, we established the lumenal localization of PPO, characterized and clarified the means by which PPOs are imported and processed by chloroplasts, and provided insight into the factors which control localization of PPOs. This proposal has thereby provided fundamental advances in the understanding of this enzyme and the control of its expression.

scholarly journals To-Do and Not-To-Do in Model Studies of the Uptake, Fate and Metabolism of Metal-Containing Nanoparticles in Plants

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1480
Author(s):  
Justyna Wojcieszek ◽  
Javier Jiménez-Lamana ◽  
Lena Ruzik ◽  
Joanna Szpunar ◽  
Maciej Jarosz
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Model ◽  
Reliable Data ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Careful Design

Due to the increasing release of metal-containing nanoparticles into the environment, the investigation of their interactions with plants has become a hot topic for many research fields. However, the obtention of reliable data requires a careful design of experimental model studies. The behavior of nanoparticles has to be comprehensively investigated; their stability in growth media, bioaccumulation and characterization of their physicochemical forms taken-up by plants, identification of the species created following their dissolution/oxidation, and finally, their localization within plant tissues. On the basis of their strong expertise, the authors present guidelines for studies of interactions between metal-containing nanoparticles and plants.

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