RZWQM2 simulated management practices to mitigate climate change impacts on nitrogen losses and corn production

Climate change is expected to have significant impacts on hydrologic regimes and freshwater ecosystems, and yet few basins have adequate numerical models to guide the development of freshwater climate adaptation strategies. Such strategies can build on existing freshwater conservation activities, and incorporate predicted climate change impacts. We illustrate this concept with three case studies. In the Upper Klamath Basin of the western USA, a shift in land management practices would buffer this landscape from a declining snowpack. In the Murray–Darling Basin of south-eastern Australia, identifying the requirements of flood-dependent natural values would better inform the delivery of environmental water in response to reduced runoff and less water. In the Savannah Basin of the south-eastern USA, dam managers are considering technological and engineering upgrades in response to more severe floods and droughts, which would also improve the implementation of recommended environmental flows. Even though the three case studies are in different landscapes, they all contain significant freshwater biodiversity values. These values are threatened by water allocation problems that will be exacerbated by climate change, and yet all provide opportunities for the development of effective climate adaptation strategies.

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Nature-Based Solutions to face climate change adaptation and mitigation in Mediterranean watersheds

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-2035 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Itxaso Ruiz ◽

María José Sanz

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Change Adaptation ◽

Land Management ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Management Practices ◽

Water Cycle ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Watershed Scale ◽

Sustainable Rural Development ◽

Adaptation And Mitigation

Rural areas of the Mediterranean watersheds face great environmental challenges, where climate change impacts the water cycle, the soil, and biodiversity, which are often priority issues for adaptation. These, have been aggravated by historical land management practices trends. In this context, we propose Nature Based Solutions (NBS) in the form of Sustainable Land Management (SLM) actions at the watershed scale to achieve climate change adaptation and mitigation while promoting other ecosystem services.SLM actions are local adaptation practices that promote sustainable rural development. Thus, we seek the combination of several actions to achieve regional (watershed scale) more integrated approaches. With this study, we aim at proving that NBS, and thus SLM, is a successful tool for alleviating climate change impacts (i.e. water scarcity, enhanced erosion, biodiversity decline) while promoting the role of land in mitigation and enhancing biodiversity in the rural Mediterranean areas.For this, we propose a novel conceptualization of SLM actions that moves from their local application and evaluation to the regional more systemic approaches through their combination. Results show synergies in the atmosphere, biosphere, and hydrosphere, allow for the upscaling of SLM through systemic approaches and point at direct contributions to several Sustainable Development Goals.

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Agricultural Greenhouses in São Tomé and Príncipe

10.4018/978-1-7998-9557-2.ch001 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 1-26

Author(s):

Kiakisiki Quaresma Nascimento ◽

Maria Raquel Raquel Lucas ◽

Pedro Damião Henriques

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Poverty Reduction ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Current Situation ◽

Viable Alternative ◽

Greenhouse Production ◽

Climate Change Effects ◽

Sao Tome And Principe ◽

Mitigate Climate Change

Since 2016, STP has been funding the implementation of greenhouses, viewed as a viable way to guarantee, increase, and diversify production; supply the market; improve farmers' incomes; and mitigate climate change impacts. The greenhouses in selected districts were based on farmers' experiences in horticultural production, available agricultural area, and capacity of rural communities to organize themselves into small farmers' cooperatives. There are also private greenhouse initiatives. This chapter analyzed the current situation of the STP greenhouse project and its socioeconomic contribution to rural communities, proposing actions for its improvement, addressing climate changes and poverty reduction. Despite several weaknesses, mainly linked to lack of knowledge and mastery of technology, greenhouse production represents a viable alternative for horticulture development. Greenhouses, properly exploited, are a mechanism to mitigate climate change effects and ensure an increase in income and consequently reduce poverty and improve individual and collective living conditions.

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Climate change impacts on the terrestrial biodiversity and carbon stocks of Oceania.

Pacific Conservation Biology ◽

10.1071/pc110220 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 220 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Grant W Wardell-Johnson ◽

Gunnar Keppel ◽

Julianne Sander

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Energy Use ◽

Management Practices ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Fire Frequency ◽

Carbon Stocks ◽

Anthropogenic Climate Change ◽

Extreme Weather Events ◽

Area Network ◽

Terrestrial Biodiversity

We review the threats from anthropogenic climate change to the terrestrial biodiversity of Oceania, and quantify decline in carbon stocks. Oceania’s rich terrestrial biodiversity is facing unprecedented threats through the interaction of pervasive environmental threats (deforestation and degradation; introduced and invasive species; fragmentation) and the effects of anthropogenic climate change (sea level rise; altered rainfall patterns and increased fire frequency; temperature rises and increased storm severity, extreme weather events and abrupt system changes). All nine of Oceania’s terrestrial biomes harbour ecosystems and habitat types that are highly vulnerable under climate change, posing an immense conservation challenge. Current policies and management practices are inadequate and the need for new legislation and economic mechanisms is clear, despite powerful interests committed to limiting progress. Mitigation can be achieved by increasing the effectiveness of the protected area network, by maintaining and effectively managing existing carbon stocks and biodiversity, and by reforestation to sequester atmospheric carbon. A price on carbon emissions may encourage less carbon-intensive energy use while simultaneously encouraging reforestation on long-cleared land, and reducing degradation of native forests. However, realizing these changes will require societal change, and depend on input and collaboration from multiple stakeholders to devise and engage in shared, responsible management.

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LID Implementation to Mitigate Climate Change Impacts on Urban Runoff

World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2014 ◽

10.1061/9780784413548.097 ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zahra Zahmatkesh ◽

Mohammad Karamouz ◽

Steven J. Burian ◽

Hassan Tavakol-Davani ◽

Erfan Goharian

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Urban Runoff ◽

Mitigate Climate Change

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Climate Change Impacts on Rainfed Corn Production in Malawi's Lilongwe District

World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2014 ◽

10.1061/9780784413548.156 ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kondwani Msowoya ◽

Rahman Davtalab ◽

Kaveh Madani

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Corn Production

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CO2 fluxes and carbon balance of an agricultural grassland in southern Finland

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-6618 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Laura Heimsch ◽

Annalea Lohila ◽

Liisa Kulmala ◽

Juha-Pekka Tuovinen ◽

Mika Korkiakoski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Carbon Balance ◽

Management Practices ◽

Agricultural Soils ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Management Procedures ◽

Mitigate Climate Change

Agriculture is globally a significant source of carbon emissions to the atmosphere. Main causes for these high emissions are conventional intensive management practices which include such as frequent ploughing, monocropping and high use of agrochemicals. These practices contribute to the loss of biodiversity and soil organic matter, as well as to the CO2 emissions from land use. Recently, it has been recognised that agriculture functioning on the basis of regenerative practices is one of the most potential tools to mitigate climate change.It is well known that topsoil layer and especially humus-rich soils can store more carbon than atmosphere and vegetation together. Therefore, increasing the amount of soil organic matter in the agroecosystems, by applying enhanced management practices such as reduced tillage, high biodiversity and cover cropping, agricultural soils would not only help to mitigate climate change but also to restore soil quality and fertility. To understand the carbon dynamics on different agricultural sites, factors affecting and comprising the carbon balance, and to verify soil carbon and ecosystem models, continuous long-term monitoring of the GHG fluxes is essential at such managed ecosystems. Here we present results from a new eddy covariance (EC) flux study site located in southern Finland.Continuous CO2 flux measurements using the EC method have been conducted at Qvidja farm on mineral (clay) soil forage grassland in Parainen, southern Finland (60.29550&#176;N, 22.39281&#176;E) since the spring 2018. Based on the flux and biomass data, the annual carbon balance was estimated to be negative, i.e. the site acted as an overall sink of carbon even in the dry and hot year 2018. However, the seasonal CO2 fluxes were greatly dependent on weather conditions and management procedures. Results from 2019 show that the growing season accompanied with more mature and dense grass, a bit higher precipitation and lower temperatures, as well as higher cutting height was more favorable for carbon uptake in Qvidja as compared to year 2018.

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Adaptation of Cities to Climate Change (Best Practices Review)

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202124406011 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 244 ◽

pp. 06011

Author(s):

Zinaida Ivanova ◽

Michael Eichner

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽

Personal Responsibility ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

European Social Survey ◽

Opinion Poll ◽

Adaptation To Climate Change ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Mitigate Climate Change ◽

Joint Programming

The authors of the article are raising current issues related to climate change and global warming. Not all the countries are responding to these processes the same way and undertake joint complex efforts to mitigate climate change impacts. The authors have analyzed the existing legislations and actions for adaptation to climate change in the EU and separate European countries. “Covenant of Mayors”, ADAPT program, Joint Programming Initiative Urban Europe are considered in detail. Informational and awareness-raising work of state and educational entities is one of the main necessary actions to mitigate climate change negative impacts. The article presents the results of the opinion poll made by the European Social Survey, “Russian Public Opinion Research Center” (JSC “VCIOM”) and the investigations of German State Development Bank KfW on how citizens perceive climate change processes, their sense of personal responsibility and personal reaction. Also a brief review of educational programs of builders, urban developers and architects in European and Russian universities is added to the article. The conclusion of the authors is as such: it is necessary to intensify legislative measures for adaptation of cities to climate change, the stronger control of the amount of carbon dioxide emissions and coordinated actions in one region are needed. It is necessary to pay careful attention to climatic education of the students – future builders and urban developers.

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Adaptation of agroforestry as a climate smart agriculture technology in Bangladesh

International Journal of Agricultural Research Innovation and Technology ◽

10.3329/ijarit.v11i1.54466 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 49-59

Author(s):

ZA Riyadh ◽

MA Rahman ◽

SR Saha ◽

T Ahamed ◽

D Current

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Food Security ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Tree Cover ◽

Natural Forests ◽

Smart Agriculture ◽

Mitigate Climate Change ◽

Agroforestry Practices

Geographical position makes Bangladesh globally as one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change. It is observed that climate change has become a burning issue jeopardizing the agricultural production in the country. Considering the issue, adoption of climate smart agriculture (CSA) is indispensable for mitigating climate change by reducing emissions, capturing the atmospheric carbon and storing it in biomass and soil. The study reviewed the literature to evaluate the potentiality of agroforestry practices as climate smart agriculture to mitigate climate change impacts. Agroforestry has traditionally contributed to climate resilience in Bangladesh by integrating trees and/or crops into different land use practices. Agroforestry systems enhance resilience to climate change through increasing tree cover, carbon sequestration, increasing production, reducing threats to associated crops, creating favourable microclimate to support associated crops, reducing harvest pressure on natural forests, conserving biodiversity and cycling nutrients. Globally 23 countries recognize agroforestry as a mitigation priority, whereas 29 as an adaptation priority. Bangladesh has potential to expand agroforestry practices to mitigate climate change and boost food security. From socioeconomic and ecological point of views as well, agroforestry offers strong potential to evolve climate smart agricultural practices supporting food security, and adaptation and mitigation. Agroforestry practices should increase in climate vulnerable agroecosystems of Bangladesh. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(1): 49-59, June 2021

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