Evaluating the potential impact of mass praziquantel administration for HIV prevention in Schistosoma haematobium high-risk communities

Understanding how teams perform successfully in high-risk settings can provide us with insights into the processes by which safety is created. Building upon previous field and laboratory studies, we propose a tentative formulation of a concept, transactive responsibility system, to account for the intricate, complex responsibility system emerged in team interaction. With a transactive responsibility system, a team can deal with the challenges of conflicting goals of training and performing and rapidly changing work environments found in many settings. A set of measurement proposals is made to illustrate the potential practical use of the concept. Potential impact on training is speculated.

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Text-Messaging, Online Peer Support Group, and Coaching Strategies to Optimize the HIV Prevention Continuum for Youth: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

JMIR Research Protocols ◽

10.2196/11165 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. e11165 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Dallas Swendeman ◽

Elizabeth Mayfield Arnold ◽

Danielle Harris ◽

Jasmine Fournier ◽

W Scott Comulada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Hiv Prevention ◽

Peer Support ◽

Text Messaging ◽

Behavioral Interventions ◽

Homeless Youth ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Transgender Youth ◽

Sti Testing

Background America’s increasing HIV epidemic among youth suggests the need to identify novel strategies to leverage services and settings where youth at high risk (YAHR) for HIV can be engaged in prevention. Scalable, efficacious, and cost-effective strategies are needed, which support youth during developmental transitions when risks arise. Evidence-based behavioral interventions (EBIs) have typically relied on time-limited, scripted, and manualized protocols that were often delivered with low fidelity and lacked evidence for effectiveness. Objective This study aims to examine efficacy, implementation, and cost-effectiveness of easily mountable and adaptable, technology-based behavioral interventions in the context of an enhanced standard of care and study assessments that implement the guidelines of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for routine, repeat HIV, and sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing for high-risk youth. Methods Youth aged between 12 and 24 years (n=1500) are being recruited from community-based organizations and clinics serving gay, bisexual, and transgender youth, homeless youth, and postincarcerated youth, with eligibility algorithms weighting African American and Latino youth to reflect disparities in HIV incidence. At baseline and 4-month intervals over 24 months (12 months for lower-risk youth), interviewers monitor uptake of HIV prevention continuum steps (linkage to health care, use of pre- or postexposure prophylaxis, condoms, and prevention services) and secondary outcomes of substance use, mental health, and housing security. Assessments include rapid diagnostic tests for HIV, STIs, drugs, and alcohol. The study is powered to detect modest intervention effects among gay or bisexual male and transgender youth with 70% retention. Results The project was funded in September 2016 and enrollment began in May 2017. Enrollment will be completed between June and August 2019. Data analysis is currently underway, and the first results are expected to be submitted for publication in 2019. Conclusions This hybrid implementation-effectiveness study examines alternative models for implementing the CDC guidelines for routine HIV/STI testing for YAHR of acquiring HIV and for delivering evidence-based behavioral intervention content in modular elements instead of scripted manuals and available over 24 months of follow-up, while also monitoring implementation, costs, and effectiveness. The greatest impacts are expected for coaching, whereas online group peer support is expected to have lower impact but may be more cost-effective. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03134833; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03134833 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/76el0Viw9) International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/11165

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An Assessment of Psychosocial Motives for Undergoing Male Circumcision (MC) in High HIV Epidemic Areas and Their Potential Impact on the Mass MC Strategy of HIV Prevention

Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 13 ◽

10.9734/bpi/hmms/v13/4326d ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 156-167

Author(s):

C. Maibvise ◽

B. S. Nsibandze

Keyword(s):

Hiv Prevention ◽

Male Circumcision ◽

Hiv Epidemic ◽

Potential Impact

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A Silent Epidemic

Canadian Journal of Family and Youth / Le Journal Canadien de Famille et de la Jeunesse ◽

10.29173/cjfy29406 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 41-55

Author(s):

Kelsey Friesen

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Sexual Violence ◽

Gender Ideologies ◽

Post Secondary ◽

The Public ◽

Media Attention ◽

Educational Initiatives ◽

The Creation ◽

And Gender ◽

Risk Communities

Post-secondary institutions are high-risk communities for sexual violence. While sexual violence has always been an issue within post-secondary, it is only recently that the topic of sexual violence has gained more attention from media. This media attention has resulted in a public outcry and has resulted in the creation and implementation of post-secondary sexual violence-specific policies as well as educational initiatives and programming. Furthermore, the public outcry has also led to an explosion of studies being performed within academia, such as the gendering of sexual violence. However, there are also gaps in the literature. For instance, the connections between how alcohol culture and gender ideologies contribute to post-secondary institutions being such high-risk communities for sexual violence is not as emphasized as it should be. This paper aims to demonstrate how alcohol culture and gender ideologies contribute to the phenomenon of sexual violence on post-secondary campuses.

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