Serum matrix metalloproteinase-2: A potential biomarker for diagnosis of epilepsy

Mounting evidence has demonstrated that Bit1 has been investigated as an etiological factor for certain cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma reported in our previous study, but data regarding possible roles of Bit1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma remain to be elucidated. The purpose of this study was to examine whether Bit1 can be a novel diagnostic marker for the patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma. The results revealed that Bit1 level in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that in esophageal adenocarcinoma tissues ( p < 0.05); notably, Bit1 level in esophageal adenocarcinoma tissues was lower than that in paired normal tissues but no difference was found ( p > 0.05). Bit1 expression patterns were completely in accordance with matrix metalloproteinase 2 and Bcl-2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma. In addition, Bit1, Bcl-2, and matrix metalloproteinase 2 expression patterns in different differentiated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were higher than those in corresponding normal esophageal tissues. Bit1 expression in poorly differentiated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that in normal esophageal tissues ( p < 0.05) but not in moderately and well-differentiated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Matrix metalloproteinase 2 expression patterns in poorly and moderately differentiated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were significantly higher than those in corresponding normal esophageal tissues ( p < 0.01) but not in well-differentiated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue ( p > 0.05). Bcl-2 expression patterns in various differentiated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were higher than those in corresponding normal esophageal tissues with no statistical differences ( p > 0.05). Importantly, Bit1 expression was positively correlated with both matrix metalloproteinase 2 and Bcl-2 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma tissues ( p < 0.05). Collectively, these preliminary data support further investigation of Bit1 as an important diagnostic factor for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma.

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A Matrix Metalloproteinase-2-Based Nomogram to Assess the Risk of Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2021/6666441 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Che-Yi Chou ◽

Chin-Chung Tseng ◽

Jin-Bor Chen ◽

Chin-Chuan Hung ◽

Chiu-Ching Huang

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽

High Accuracy ◽

Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽

Dialysis Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Potential Biomarker

Background. Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a rare but serious complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). So far, there is no biomarker-based prediction tool available for EPS. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is a protein involved in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix, and the effluent MMP-2 can be a potential biomarker of EPS. This study is aimed at developing a nomogram for EPS based on effluent MMP-2 levels. Patients and Methods. We enrolled 18 EPS patients and 90 gender-matched PD patients without EPS in this cross-sectional case-controlled study. The effluent MMP-2 levels and possible risk factors for EPS were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression, and a nomogram was developed. The nomogram was validated using 200 bootstrap resamples to reduce overfit bias. Results. The effluent MMP-2 levels in EPS patients were significantly higher than those in normal PD patients ( p < 0.001 , Manny-Whitney U test). Effluent MMP-2 levels and PD duration were independently associated with EPS risks ( p < 0.001 and p = 0.001 ) in multivariate logistic regression. A nomogram based on MMP-2 levels and PD duration was proposed. The AUC of MMP-2 was 0.824, and the AUC of the nomogram was 0.907 ( p = 0.05 ). Conclusion. A nomogram based on effluent MMP-2 levels and PD duration may predict EPS with high accuracy.

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