scholarly journals Dilatancy-induced fluid pressure drop during dynamic rupture: Direct experimental evidence and consequences for earthquake dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 538 ◽  
pp. 116179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Brantut
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Dynamic Rupture ◽  
Earthquake Dynamics ◽  
Direct Experimental Evidence

Overexpression of cysteine dioxygenase reduces intracellular cysteine and glutathione pools in HepG2/C3A cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 293 (1) ◽  
pp. E62-E69 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Dominy ◽  
Jesse Hwang ◽  
Martha H. Stipanuk
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Cysteine Dioxygenase ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Hepatic Expression ◽  
Direct Experimental Evidence ◽  
Homeostatic Response ◽  
Catabolic Enzyme ◽  
In Cells

Cysteine levels are carefully regulated in mammals to balance metabolic needs against the potential for cytotoxicity. It has been postulated that one of the major regulators of intracellular cysteine levels in mammals is cysteine dioxygenase (CDO). Hepatic expression of this catabolic enzyme increases dramatically in response to increased cysteine availability and may therefore be part of a homeostatic response to shunt excess toxic cysteine to more benign metabolites such as sulfate or taurine. Direct experimental evidence, however, is lacking to support the hypothesis that CDO is capable of altering steady-state intracellular cysteine levels. In this study, we expressed either the wild-type (WT) or a catalytically inactivated mutant (H86A) isoform of CDO in HepG2/C3A cells (which do not express endogenous CDO protein) and cultured them in different concentrations of extracellular cysteine. WT CDO, but not H86A CDO, was capable of reducing intracellular cysteine levels in cells incubated in physiologically relevant concentrations of cysteine. WT CDO also decreased the glutathione pool and potentiated the toxicity of CdCl2. These results demonstrate that CDO is capable of altering intracellular cysteine levels as well as glutathione levels.

scholarly journals Pemodelan Penurunan Tekanan Brine di Dalam Pipa Injeksi pada Lapangan Panas Bumi Dieng

Jurnal MIPA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Jeferson Polii
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Flow Line ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Temperature Drop ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Saturation Temperature ◽  
Geothermal Field ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Pressure Drops ◽  
Very High

Injeksi brine hasil dari fluida produksi panas bumi digunakan untuk mengisi volume pori batuan reservoir, mencegah penurunan tekanan batuan yang terlalu cepat, dan mencegah polusi panas dan polusi kimia pada lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh kandungan kimia tertentu pada brine. Pada pipa aliran brine terjadi penurunan tekanan fluida sepanjang aliran. Di lapangan panas bumi Dieng, konsentrasi silika sangat tinggi, sehingga penurunan temperatur saturasi memicu desposisi silika. Penurunan tekanan sepanjang pipa aliran brine dari pompa Vertikal Atas (VA) 7 ke pond di pad 29 di lapangan panas bumi Dieng akan menyebabkan penurunan temperatur saturasi, selain juga kehilangan panas secara alami. Perhitungan penurunan tekanan fluida brine berdasarkan perhitungan Harrison-Freeston dan metode dari Zhao, yang dikembangkan dengan algoritma menggunakan Macro Excel. Sehingga dengan memodelkan penurunan tekanan sepanjang pipa alir, dapat dikembangkan untuk perhitungan penurunan temperatur dan pengendapan silika di pipa aliran brine untuk injeksi panas bumi.Brine injection from geothermal production fluids is used to fill reservoir pore rock volumes, preventing rapid rock pressure drops, and preventing heat pollution and chemical pollution in the environment caused by certain chemical constituents in the brine. Decrease fluid pressure along the flow on the brine flow pipe. In the Dieng geothermal field, the silica concentration is very high, so the decrease in saturation temperature triggers the silica desposition. The pressure drop along the brine flow pipe from the Upper Vertical (VA) 7 pump to the pond in pad 29 in Dieng geothermal field will cause a decrease in saturation temperature, as well as natural heat loss. The calculation of the decrease in brine fluid pressure based on Harrison-Freeston calculations and methods of Zhao, developed with algorithms using Macro Excel. By modeling the pressure drop along the flow line, it can be developed for the calculation of temperature drop and deposition of silica in the brine flow pipe for geothermal injection

Large magnetostriction and direct experimental evidence for anisotropy compensation in Tb0.4−xNdxDy0.6(Fe0.8Co0.2)1.93 Laves compounds

2014 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 274-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Liu ◽  
Z.B. Pan ◽  
X.Y. Liu ◽  
Z.R. Zhang ◽  
X.H. Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Direct Experimental Evidence

scholarly journals Experimental evidence for wall-rock pulverization during dynamic rupture at ultra-high pressure conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 528 ◽  
pp. 115832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Incel ◽  
Alexandre Schubnel ◽  
Jörg Renner ◽  
Timm John ◽  
Loïc Labrousse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Wall Rock ◽  
Dynamic Rupture ◽  
Ultra High Pressure

A three-compartment model of the pulmonary vasculature: effects of vasoconstriction

1983 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 923-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Linehan ◽  
C. A. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Pulmonary Vasculature ◽  
Lung Lobe ◽  
Prostaglandin F2 Alpha ◽  
Vascular Bed ◽  
Middle Compartment ◽  
The Impact

The venous occlusion experiments provide sufficient data to permit the vascular bed of a dog lung lobe to be mathematically modeled as three serial compartments, each containing a quantifiable resistance separated by equal parallel compliances. To determine how these compartments are related to the sites of vasomotion in the pulmonary vascular bed we investigated the effects of various pulmonary vasomotor stimuli. We found that serotonin, sympathetic nerve stimulation, hypoxia, and prostaglandin F2 alpha increased the pressure drop upstream (arterial) from the site of major lobar compliance. On the other hand, histamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and elevation of the cerebrospinal fluid pressure increased the pressure drop downstream (venous) from the site of major lobar compliance. These stimuli either did not affect the pressure drop across the middle compartment or increased it slightly. Thus we conclude that the middle compartment represents vessels located between the muscular arteries and veins including the capillary bed and possibly other small nonmuscular vessels. Further, the average preocclusion pressure in the middle compartment is a microvascular pressure that can be used to evaluate the impact of vasoconstriction on the lobar microcirculation.

scholarly journals THE COEXISTENCE OF PROTOZOAN-LIKE PARASITES AND MENINGOENCEPHALITIS IN MICE

1924 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Cowdry ◽  
F. M. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
The Other ◽  
Laboratory Mice ◽  
Direct Experimental Evidence

A small proportion of laboratory mice, which appear to be normal, are in reality suffering from an obscure disease characterized by the presence of marked meningoencephalitic lesions which are often accompanied by protozoan-like parasites. Both the lesions and the parasites closely resemble others previously reported in rabbits, which likewise fail to reveal themselves by pronounced clinical symptoms. In the absence of direct experimental evidence it is suggested either that one species of parasite is capable of producing the lesions in both animals, or else that we have to do with two kinds of parasites which are closely related and, in the stages thus far observed, are indistinguishable one from the other.

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