P.530 Intestinal permeability and low-grade chronic inflammation in schizophrenia: do they influence cognition and cognitive reserve?

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. S297-S298
Author(s):  
G. Anmella ◽  
S. Amoretti ◽  
M. Alfonso ◽  
O. Cuñat ◽  
G. Safont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Cognitive Reserve ◽  
Low Grade

scholarly journals M176. INTESTINAL PERMEABILITY AND LOW-GRADE CHRONIC INFLAMMATION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA: DO THEY INFLUENCE COGNITION AND COGNITIVE RESERVE?

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S203-S204
Author(s):  
Gerard Anmella ◽  
Silvia Amoretti ◽  
Miqueu Alfonso ◽  
Oriol Cuñat ◽  
Gemma Safont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Cognitive Reserve ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Higher intestinal-permeability is known to cause low-grade chronic inflammation, which seems to participate in the development and worsening of psychotic disorders both in first-episode psychosis (FEP) and schizophrenia (SCZ) patients. Moreover, in psychotic disorders, inflammation has been linked to cognition and cognitive reserve (CR). The aim of this study is to assess the relation between intestinal-permeability, low-grade chronic inflammation, cognition and cognitive reserve in psychotic disorders. Methods Observational, cross-sectional and multisite study including four centers in Spain (Grant from Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, PI17/00246). A total of 500 adult patients with DSM-5 SCZ-spectrum disorder at any stage of the disease were recruited. Psychotic symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Disease severity was assessed using the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale and functioning was assessed using the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale. The intestinal-permeability was estimated with the “Permeable-Intestine-syndrome questionnaire”. The diet was assessed with the “Mediterranean-diet-adherence questionnaire”. Exercise was measured with the “International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)”. Cognition was measured with the SCIP-S scale. CR was assessed with the Cognitive Reserve Assessment Scale in Health (CRASH), which is a scale developed to measure CR specifically for patients with severe mental illness. Correlations between CRASH scores and the remainder variables were performed. Results For the present study we included only the subjects who had CRASH score, a total of 112 patients, 42.7% female, aged 40.61±12.4 (mean±SD). Substance use was present in 44.3%. The CRASH score was 33.30±15.72 (mean±SD) and was associated with negative (but not positive) psychotic symptoms assessed by PANSS (PANSS negative; rp=-3.98; p=0.001, PANSS general; rp=-2.13; p=0.038, GAF; rp=0.410; p<0.0001, CGI; rp=-0.30; p=0.002, IPAQ; rs=0.224; p=0.025 and the permeability-scale; rs=-0.266; p=0.008. All cognitive domains (assessed by SCIP-S) were associated to CRASH: verbal learning immediate (rp=0.584; p<0.0001) and differed (rp=0.515; p<0.0001), working memory (rp=0.539; p<0.0001), verbal fluency (rs=0.485; p<0.0001) and processing speed (rp=0.584; p<0.0001). No significant associations were found with Mediterranean-diet scale (rs=0.195; p=0.056), IMC (rs=-0.192; p=0.063), C-reactive protein (rs=-0.104; p=0.278) and the IPAQ-resting scale and permeability-scale (rs=0.119; p=0.244). Discussion

scholarly journals NLRP3 Inflammasome: A Possible Link Between Obesity-Associated Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation and Colorectal Cancer Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Ahechu ◽  
Gabriel Zozaya ◽  
Pablo Martí ◽  
José Luis Hernández-Lizoáin ◽  
Jorge Baixauli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Low Grade

scholarly journals DUSP1 Is a Potential Marker of Chronic Inflammation in Arabs with Cardiovascular Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelkrim Khadir ◽  
Sina Kavalakatt ◽  
Mohammed Dehbi ◽  
Monira Alarouj ◽  
Abdullah Bennakhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Recurrent Events ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Diabetes Status

Background. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks persist in patients despite the use of conventional treatments. This might be due to chronic inflammation as reflected in epidemiological studies associating circulating low-grade inflammatory markers with CVD recurrent events. Here, we explored this potential link by assessing plasma dual-specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) levels and comparing them to high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) levels and their associations to conventional CVD risk factors in confirmed CVD patients. Methods. Human adults with reported CVD (n=207) and controls (n=70) living in Kuwait were used in this study. Anthropometric and classical biochemical parameters were determined. Plasma levels of DUSP1, oxLDL, and hsCRP were measured using human enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Results. DUSP1 and hsCRP plasma levels and their least square means were higher in CVD cases, while oxLDL plasma levels were lower (p<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that DUSP1 and hsCRP are independently associated with CVD in the studied population, as reflected by 2-fold and 1.5-fold increased risks with increased levels of DUSP1 and hsCRP, respectively. In our study, DUSP1 levels were found to be associated with CVD despite statin treatment and diabetes status (p<0.05), whereas hsCRP mainly correlated with obesity markers. Conclusions. Circulating DUSP1 might be a predictor of chronic subclinical inflammation and residual risk in CVD patients, whereas our data suggest that the association between hsCRP and CVD is largely accounted for adiposity risk factors.

Circulating Fibrinogen to Pre-albumin Ratio for Chemotherapy Efficacy Prediction and Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hou-Qun Ying ◽  
Fan Sun ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Dan Cai ◽  
Ying Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Independent Prognostic Factor ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Albumin Ratio ◽  
Response To Chemotherapy ◽  
Chemotherapy Efficacy

Abstract Background Evaluating chronic inflammation in colorectal cancer (CRC) may aid in identifying patients at the highest risk of recurrence or progression, and help inform clinical treatment decisions. Here, we report the effect of fibrinogen to pre-albumin ratio (FPR) in determining response to chemotherapy and reveal outcomes in CRC patients. Methods A total of 2917 eligible CRC patients from multiple-centers were enrolled, and the outcome of these patients was obtained by three years’ follow-up. Circulating fibrinogen, albumin, pre-albumin, CEA, CA199 and FPR were detected and calculated in these patients. Kaplan-Meier curves, Cox regression, time-dependent ROC, Harrell’s concordance index, calibration and decision curves were used to investigate the role of FPR in clinical outcome of CRC patients. Results Our results reveal significantly inferior outcomes in right- than left-sided patients with advanced CRC (stage III and IV), with preoperative FPR found to be a robust and independent prognostic factor for CRC at each stage. Moreover, prognostic nomograms, including FPR, effectively predicted clinical outcomes of the patients. Furthermore, preoperative FPR was significantly associated with chemotherapy efficacy. Specifically, low-grade (FPR < 15) and medium-grade (15 ≤ FPR < 20) FPR patients exhibited complete response to chemotherapy and attenuated chemosensitivity, respectively, whereas high-grade inflammation (FPR ≥ 20) conferred resistance to the treatment. Conclusion CRC-related inflammation affects response to chemotherapy and the resultant clinical outcomes. Circulating FPR is a simple, economically-friendly and robust independent prognostic factor for effectively predicting outcomes of CRC patients. Targeting chronic inflammation and its corresponding signaling pathway, coupled with measuring FPR, presents a novel approach for clinical management of CRC.

Bioptic intraprostatic chronic inflammation predicts adverse pathology at radical prostatectomy in patients with low-grade prostate cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 793.e19-793.e25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Sanguedolce ◽  
Ugo Giovanni Falagario ◽  
Pietro Castellan ◽  
Michele Di Nauta ◽  
Giovanni Silecchia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Low Grade

scholarly journals Empagliflozin reverses obesity and insulin resistance through fat browning and alternative macrophage activation in mice fed a high-fat diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e000783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Xu ◽  
Naoto Nagata ◽  
Guanliang Chen ◽  
Mayumi Nagashimada ◽  
Fen Zhuge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Macrophage Activation ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat

ObjectiveWe reported previously that empagliflozin—a sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitor—exhibited preventive effects against obesity. However, it was difficult to extrapolate these results to human subjects. Here, we performed a therapeutic study, which is more relevant to clinical situations in humans, to investigate antiobesity effects of empagliflozin and illustrate the mechanism underlying empagliflozin-mediated enhanced fat browning in obese mice.Research design and methodsAfter 8 weeks on a high-fat diet (HFD), C57BL/6J mice exhibited obesity, accompanied by insulin resistance and low-grade chronic inflammation. Cohorts of obese mice were continued on the HFD for an additional 8-week treatment period with or without empagliflozin.ResultsTreatment with empagliflozin for 8 weeks markedly increased glucose excretion in urine, and suppressed HFD-induced weight gain, insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. Notably, empagliflozin enhanced oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production, leading to increased energy expenditure. Consistently, the level of uncoupling protein 1 expression was increased in both brown and white (WAT) adipose tissues of empagliflozin-treated mice. Furthermore, empagliflozin decreased plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, but increased plasma levels of IL-33 and adiponectin in obese mice. Finally, we found that empagliflozin reduced M1-polarized macrophage accumulation, while inducing the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype of macrophages in the WAT and liver, thereby attenuating obesity-related chronic inflammation.ConclusionsTreatment with empagliflozin attenuated weight gain by increasing energy expenditure and adipose tissue browning, and alleviated obesity-associated inflammation and insulin resistance by alternative macrophage activation in the WAT and liver of obese mice.

Low-Dose Therapy for the Treatment of Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation

2017 ◽  
pp. 27-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Fioranelli ◽  
Marco Del Prete ◽  
Jahaira Carolina Aracena ◽  
Maria Grazia Roccia ◽  
Carlo Dal Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Dose Therapy
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