Are neurocognition and facial emotion recognition related in schizophrenia?

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S366-S366
Author(s):  
A. Arous ◽  
J. Mrizak ◽  
R. Trabelsi ◽  
A. Aissa ◽  
H. Ben Ammar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Facial Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Emotion ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Immediate Recall ◽  
The Face ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Learning Test

IntroductionPatients with schizophrenia (SCZ) show impairments in many social cognition domains including facial emotion recognition (FER). The existence of a relationship association between FER and neurcognitive functioning (NF) remains uncertain.ObjectivesTo investigate the association between ToM functioning and neurocognitive functioning in SCZ.MethodsFER was evaluated in 58 patients with stable schizophrenia with a newly validated FER task constructed from photographs of the face of a famous Tunisian actress representing the Ekman's six basic emotions. They also completed a neurocognitive battery comprising the following tests: the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test–Revised (HVLT-R), the Letter Digit Substitution Test (LDST), the Stroop Test (ST), the “Double Barrage” of Zazzo (DBZ), the Modified Card Sorting Test (MCST), Verbal Fluency (VF), the Trail Making Test-Part A (TMT-A) and the Digit Span (DS).ResultsPatients who performed better in the FER task had better performance in the VF task (P = 0.001) and in the immediate recall of the HVLT-R (P = 0.021). No correlations were found with the other neurocognitive tests.ConclusionsOur results suggest that FER represents an autonomous cognitive function which does not necessarily require good NF.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Is empathy correlated to patients’ level of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia?

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S141-S141
Author(s):  
R. Trabelsi ◽  
A. Arous ◽  
J. Mrizak ◽  
H. Ben Ammar ◽  
A. Khalifa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digit Span ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Cognitive Empathy ◽  
Neurocognitive Functioning ◽  
Affective Empathy ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Affective Components ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Learning Test

IntroductionEmpathy, which refers to the ability to understand and share the thoughts and feelings of others, may be compromised in schizophrenia (SCZ). Yet the relationship between empathy and neurocognitive functioning remains unclear.ObjectivesTo explore whether cognitive and affective empathy are associated with the neurocognitive functioning in SCZ.MethodsFifty-eight outpatients with stable SCZ completed the Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCAE) comprising five subscales intended to assess cognitive and affective components of empathy. They also completed a neurocognitive battery comprising the following tests: the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test–Revised (HVLT-R), the Letter Digit Substitution Test (LDST), the Stroop Test (ST), the “Double Barrage” of Zazzo (DBZ), the Modified Card Sorting Test (MCST), Verbal Fluency (VF), the Trail Making Test-Part A (TMT-A) and the Digit Span (DS).ResultsBetter affective and cognitive empathy correlated with better performance in the ST (less hesitations and less errors). Patients with better cognitive empathy performed better in the MCST (more categories achieved; P = 0.029) and in the LDST (more substitutions per minute; P = 0.031).ConclusionsOur results bolster support for the presence of an association between NF and the decreased cognitive and affective empathy in schizophrenia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Do patients with better neuro-cognition have better theory of mind?

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S140-S140
Author(s):  
J. Mrizak ◽  
A. Arous ◽  
R. Trabelsi ◽  
A. Aissa ◽  
H. Ben Ammar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
St Number ◽  
Learning Test ◽  
Sorting Test

IntroductionTheory of mind (ToM) has repeatedly been shown to be compromised in many patients with schizophrenia (SCZ). By contrast, the association between ToM deficits and neuro-cognitive functioning (NF) remains uncertain.ObjectivesTo investigate the association between ToM functioning and neuro-cognitive functioning in SCZ.MethodsFifty-eight outpatients with stable SCZ completed the intention-inferencing task (IIT), in which the ability to infer a character's intentions from 28 short comic strip stories is assessed. They also completed a neuro-cognitive battery comprising the following tests: the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test–Revised (HVLT-R), the Letter Digit Substitution Test (LDST), the Stroop Test (ST), the “Double Barrage” of Zazzo (DBZ), the Modified Card Sorting Test (MCST), Verbal Fluency (VF), the Trail Making Test-Part A (TMT-A) and the Digit Span (DS).ResultsThe performance in the IIT significantly correlated with performance in some neuro-cognitive tests including efficiency in DBZ, number of uncorrected mistakes in ST, number of correct categories in MCST and the time needed to succeed the TMT-A. No correlations were found between performance in the ITT and in memory tasks (HVLT-R and DS).ConclusionsToM may rely on some neuro-cognitive functions (mainly attention and executive functioning). Elucidating the exact relationship between ToM and NF may be useful as both are targeted in specific psychotherapeutic interventions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals In the eyes of the beholder: investigating the effect of visual probing on accuracy and gaze fixations when attending to facial expressions among primary and secondary callous-unemotional variants

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1441-1451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melina Nicole Kyranides ◽  
Kostas A. Fanti ◽  
Maria Petridou ◽  
Eva R. Kimonis
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Facial Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Emotion ◽  
Cu Traits ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
The Face ◽  
Gaze Fixations

AbstractIndividuals with callous-unemotional (CU) traits show deficits in facial emotion recognition. According to preliminary research, this impairment may be due to attentional neglect to peoples’ eyes when evaluating emotionally expressive faces. However, it is unknown whether this atypical processing pattern is unique to established variants of CU traits or modifiable with intervention. This study examined facial affect recognition and gaze patterns among individuals (N = 80; M age = 19.95, SD = 1.01 years; 50% female) with primary vs secondary CU variants. These groups were identified based on repeated measurements of conduct problems, CU traits, and anxiety assessed in adolescence and adulthood. Accuracy and number of fixations on areas of interest (forehead, eyes, and mouth) while viewing six dynamic emotions were assessed. A visual probe was used to direct attention to various parts of the face. Individuals with primary and secondary CU traits were less accurate than controls in recognizing facial expressions across all emotions. Those identified in the low-anxious primary-CU group showed reduced overall fixations to fearful and painful facial expressions compared to those in the high-anxious secondary-CU group. This difference was not specific to a region of the face (i.e. eyes or mouth). Findings point to the importance of investigating both accuracy and eye gaze fixations, since individuals in the primary and secondary groups were only differentiated in the way they attended to specific facial expression. These findings have implications for differentiated interventions focused on improving facial emotion recognition with regard to attending and correctly identifying emotions.

Agomelatine vs fluoxetine: Efficacy and improvement of cognitive functions in patients with MDD

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S405-S405
Author(s):  
E. Aydın ◽  
M. Güleç ◽  
E. Oral ◽  
A.G. Daloğlu
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Word Association ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Neurocognitive Functions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionIn major depressive disorder (MDD) neurocognitive functions are impaired. In addition to melatonergic properties of agomelatine, via 5-HT2C antagonism it increases extracellular noradrenaline and dopamine in frontal cortex and may improve the neurocognitive functions of patients with MDD.Aims and objectivesTo investigate the extent of neurocognitive improvement and efficacy of agomelatine and fluoxetine in patients with MDD.Material and methodAgomelatine 25 mg/day (n: 24) and fluoxetine 20 mg/day (n: 24) were administered to drug-naive unipolar, non-psychotic, non-suicidal MDD patients according to DSM-IV. Evaluations were performed just before the treatment and at the sixth week of treatment via administering Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT), Digit Span Test (DST), Trail Making Test (TMT-A/B), Stroop Test and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test.ResultsBoth agomelatine and fluoxetine was found to be efficacious for the treatment of MDD (P < 0.05 for both). Further there was no difference between the antidepressant efficacy of two drugs. Both of the drugs improved measured neurocognitive functions (P < 0.05), except scores of DST (P > 0.05) and only fluoxetine improved significantly scores of COWAT (P < 0.05). Only in terms of TMT-B there was significant difference between groups and agomelatine was superior to fluoxetine (P < 0.05).ConclusionAgomelatine and fluoxetine were efficacious in treatment of MDD. Furthermore both of the drugs improved cognitive functions in patients with MDD. Superiority of agomelatine in improvement of executive functioning (TMT-B) is important and therefore it could be an appropriate choice for MDD patients who have pronounced executive disturbances.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The association between childhood trauma and facial emotion recognition in patients with stable schizophrenia

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S372-S372 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mrizak ◽  
A. Arous ◽  
R. Trabelsi ◽  
A. Aissa ◽  
H. Ben Ammar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Facial Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Emotion ◽  
Significant Feature ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Physical Neglect ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionThe impairment of facial emotion recognition (FER) among patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) is a significant feature of the illness. Childhood trauma (CT) is reported with a high prevalence in SCZ and is considered one of its risk factors.ObjectivesTo investigate the relationship between FER and CT in SCZ.MethodsFifty-eight outpatients with stable SCZ completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire retrospectively assessing five types of childhood trauma (emotional, physical and sexual abuse, and emotional and physical neglect). They also completed a newly developed and validated FER task constructed from photographs of the face of a famous Tunisian actress and evaluating the ability to correctly identify Ekman's six basic facial emotions (happiness, sadness, anger, disgust, fear and surprise).ResultsPatients with higher scores of CT performed significantly worse in FER task. Our results suggest that the presence of sexual abuse is specifically correlated to a poor identification of anger (P = 0.02) and disgust (P = 0.03) while the presence of emotional abuse and physical neglect are correlated to a poor identification of happiness and sadness.ConclusionsCT may represent one of the causes of the FER deficits in schizophrenia. Further studies are necessary to confirm the link between specific kinds of childhood trauma and deficits in the recognition of discrete emotions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Facial Emotion Recognition in Schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyun Gao ◽  
Wentao Zhao ◽  
Sha Liu ◽  
Zhifen Liu ◽  
Chengxiang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Facial Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Emotion ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Face ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Future Direction

Deficits in facial emotion recognition are one of the most common cognitive impairments, and they have been extensively studied in various psychiatric disorders, especially in schizophrenia. However, there is still a lack of conclusive evidence about the factors associated with schizophrenia and impairment at each stage of the disease, which poses a challenge to the clinical management of patients. Based on this, we summarize facial emotion cognition among patients with schizophrenia, introduce the internationally recognized Bruce–Young face recognition model, and review the behavioral and event-related potential studies on the recognition of emotions at each stage of the face recognition process, including suggestions for the future direction of clinical research to explore the underlying mechanisms of schizophrenia.

scholarly journals In the face of threat: neural and endocrine correlates of impaired facial emotion recognition in cocaine dependence

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. e570-e570 ◽  
Author(s):  
K D Ersche ◽  
C C Hagan ◽  
D G Smith ◽  
P S Jones ◽  
A J Calder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Cocaine Dependence ◽  
Facial Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Emotion ◽  
The Face

Facial Emotion Recognition Based on Eye and Mouth Regions

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (07) ◽  
pp. 1655020 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ithaya Rani ◽  
K. Muneeswaran
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
Local Binary Patterns ◽  
Ensemble Classifier ◽  
Facial Emotion Recognition ◽  
Gabor Wavelet ◽  
Facial Emotion ◽  
Adaboost Algorithm ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
The Face

Machine analysis of facial emotion recognition is a challenging and an innovative research topic in human-computer intelligent interaction nowadays. The eye and the mouth regions are most essential components for facial emotion recognition. Most of the existing approaches have not utilized the eye and the mouth regions for high recognition rate. This paper proposes an approach to overcome this limitation using the eye and the mouth region-based emotion recognition using reinforced local binary patterns (LBP). The local features are extracted in each frame by using Gabor wavelet with selected scale and orientations. This feature is passed on to the ensemble classifier for detecting the location of the face region. From the signature of each pixel on the face, the eye and the mouth regions are detected using ensemble classifier. The eye and the mouth features are extracted using reinforced LBP. Multi-class Adaboost algorithm is used to select and classify these discriminative features for recognizing the emotion of the face. The developed methods are deployed on the RML, CK and FERA 2011 databases, and they exhibit significant performance improvement owing to their novel features when compared to the existing techniques.

Clinical symptomatology and facial emotion recognition in schizophrenia: Which relationship?

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S96-S96
Author(s):  
A. Arous ◽  
J. Mrizak ◽  
R. Trabelsi ◽  
A. Aissa ◽  
H. Ben Ammar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Facial Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Emotion ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Facial Emotions ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionPatients with schizophrenia show impairments in social cognitive abilities, such as recognizing facial emotions. However, the relationships between specific deficits of emotion recognition and with clusters of psychotic remain unclear.ObjectivesTo explore whether facial emotion recognition was associated with severity of symptoms and to which presentation of psychotic symptoms.MethodsFacial emotion recognition (FER) were evaluated in 58 patients with stable schizophrenia with a newly validated FER task constructed from photographs of the face of a famous Tunisian actress representing the Ekman's six basic emotions (happiness, anger, disgust, sadness, fear, and surprise). Symptomatology evaluation comprised the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) and the Clinical Global Impressions Scale Improvement and severity (CGI).ResultsPatients who failed to identify anger had significantly higher scores in hyperactivity item (P < 0.0001). The patients who had a difficulty to identify sadness had more grandiosity (P ≤ 0.002). The impairment in happiness recognition was correlated with hallucination (P = 0.007) and delusion (P = 0.024) items. Incapacity to identify fear was associated to lack of judgment and insight (P = 0.004).ConclusionsDeficits in recognition of specific facial emotions may reflect severity of psychiatric symptoms. They may be related to specific clusters of psychotic symptoms, which need to be confirmed in further studies.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Clinical correlates of social cognition after an ischemic stroke: preliminary findings

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-229
Author(s):  
Maria de Fátima Dias de Souza ◽  
Maíra Glória de Freitas Cardoso ◽  
Érica Leandro Marciano Vieira ◽  
Natália Pessoa Rocha ◽  
Talita Hélen Ferreira e Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Facial Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Emotion ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression Symptoms

ABSTRACT. The co-occurrence of post-stroke behavioral disorders and cognitive impairment has been extensively investigated. However, studies usually do not include social cognition among the assessed cognitive domains. Objective: To investigate the potential association between facial emotion recognition, a measure of social cognition, and behavioral and cognitive symptoms in the subacute phase of ischemic stroke. Methods: Patients admitted to a Stroke Unit with ischemic stroke were followed up to 60 days. At this time point, they were evaluated with the following tools: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE); Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB); Visual Memory Test of the Brief Cognitive Battery (VMT); Phonemic Verbal Fluency (F-A-S Test); Digit Span; Facial Emotion Recognition Test (FERT) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). A control group composed of 21 healthy individuals also underwent the same evaluation. Results: Eighteen patients with ischemic stroke were enrolled in this study. They had similar age, sex and schooling years compared to controls. Depression symptoms and episodic memory deficits were significantly more frequent in patients compared to controls. The recognition of sadness expression positively correlated with the levels of anxiety and depression, while and the recognition of fear expression negatively correlated with depression in the stroke group. Conclusions: After an ischemic stroke, patients exhibit impairment in social cognition skills, specifically facial emotion recognition, in association with behavioral symptoms.

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