Internal and external responsiveness of the personal and social performance scale in patients with schizophrenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S189-S189
Author(s):  
E.C. Chiu ◽  
C.L. Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Social Functioning ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Global Score ◽  
Clinical Global Impression Severity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
External Responsiveness ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Performance Scale ◽  
Domain Scores

IntroductionThe Personal and Social Performance scale (PSP) is widely used to assess social functioning with 4-domain scores and a global score in patients with schizophrenia. However, internal and external responsiveness of the PSP is largely unknown limiting its use as an outcome measure.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to examine internal and external responsiveness of the PSP in inpatients with schizophrenia receiving treatments in the acute phase.MethodsEighty patients were conducted the PSP and the Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) at admission and at discharge. The standardized effect size (ES), the standardized response mean (SRM), and paired t-test were used for examining internal responsiveness. We estimated correlations between the changes in scores of the PSP and those of the CGI-S using Pearson's r for investigated external responsiveness.ResultsFor internal responsiveness, the ESs and the SRMs of the domains were 0.74–1.74 and 0.68–1.72, respectively. The values of the ES and the SRM in the global score were 1.72 and 1.74, respectively. The paired t-tests showed statistically significant difference (P < 0.001) for the score changes of the four domains and the global score. Regarding external responsiveness, fair and moderate to good correlations (r = 0.35–0.74) were found among the changes in the 4-domain scores and the global score with the those of the CGI-S.ConclusionsThe PSP has sufficient internal responsiveness and substantial external responsiveness in inpatients with schizophrenia receiving treatments at the acute wards. The PSP is useful as an outcome measure for detecting changes of social functioning over time.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Severity, Social Functioning, Adherence to Treatment, and Cognition of Adolescents with Schizophrenia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Pérez-Garza ◽  
Gamaliel Victoria-Figueroa ◽  
Rosa Elena Ulloa-Flores
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Improvement ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Performance Scale ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

Background.Previous studies have reported sex differences in the clinical presentation and outcome of adult patients with schizophrenia; the aim of present study was to compare the clinical characteristics, social functioning, adherence to treatment, and cognition of adolescents with this diagnosis in a six-month followup.Methods.A total of 87 adolescents with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder were evaluated with the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS), the Matrics Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB), Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP), and the Rating of Medication Influences (ROMI).Results.Both groups showed a similar improvement in all PANSS factors and in the PSP scores during the followup. Males better adhered to treatment. Females displayed better results in the area of social cognition (F=6.3, df = 2,52, andp=0.003) and attention/vigilance (F=8.3, df = 2,51, andp=0.001).Conclusions.Male and female adolescents showed similar clinical presentation and functioning but a different pattern of cognitive improvement and adherence to treatment. This trial is registered with Clinicaltrials.govII3/02/0811.‏

Social Cognition and Psychosocial Functioning in Schizophrenia

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
G. Juckel ◽  
M. Brüne
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Functioning Level ◽  
Performance Scale

Ability for empathy and theory of mind are diminshed in patients with schizophrenia. These kinds of social cognition are, however, necessary to interact with other people and obtain a well-balanced psychosocial functioning level, i.e. to have friends, to go for work, to be in partnership and so on. Own studies revealed that disturbances in social cognition are accompanied by fMRI activation deficits in distinct regions of the underlying neuronanatomical loop in schizophrenia. The most significant difference compared to healthy controls was found in the region of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). We think that training of social cognition would improve both the neurobiological hypoactivation and the ability for empathy and theory of mind. As consequence, psychosocial functioning of the patients should be become better as measured e.g. by the personal and social performance scale (PSP). To emphazise the close relationship between social cognition, ist underlying neuobiology and psychosocial functioning is the main purpose of this lecture.

Sécurité d’emploi, tolérance et efficacité du palmitate de palipéridone à doses flexibles chez des patients schizophrènes hospitalisés pour une décompensation psychotique

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (S2) ◽  
pp. S150-S150
Author(s):  
L. Hartgarter ◽  
M. Lahaye ◽  
P. Cherubin ◽  
A. Schreiner
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Extrapyramidal Symptom ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Satisfaction Questionnaire ◽  
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Clinical Global Impression Severity ◽  
Psychiatric Rating ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Symptom Rating ◽  
Performance Scale

ObjectifExplorer sécurité d’emploi, tolérance et efficacité du palmitate de palipéridone (PP) à doses flexibles chez des patients adultes schizophrènes hospitalisés pour une décompensation.MéthodesÉtude internationale, prospective, en ouvert, non-interventionnelle de 6 semaines.ÉvaluationÉchelles BPRS (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale), CGI-S (Clinical Global Impression-Severity), PSP (Personal and Social Performance Scale), questionnaire de satisfaction sur le traitement (MSQ-Medication Satisfaction Questionnaire), ESRS (Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale) et évènements indésirables sous traitement (EIST), entre début d’étude (baseline) et dernière observation rapportée.RésultatsTrois cent soixante-sept patients analysés (65,9% hommes, âge moyen (± écart-type) 39,8 ± 12,1 ans, 85,8% schizophrénie paranoïde). Au total, 91,6% des patients ont terminé l’étude de 6 semaines. Le délai moyen entre l’admission à l’hôpital et l’initiation du PP était de 9,4 ± 7,7 jours. Le score initial BPRS (50,2 ± 13,6) s’est amélioré de–6,5 ± 8,6 au jour 8 et de–19,3 ± 12,6 à la fin de l’étude (IC 95% = –20,7;–18,0; deux critères avec p < 0,0001). En fin d’étude, 93,6% des patients étaient évalués comme améliorés sur l’échelle CGI-S. Le score de fonctionnement PSP s’est amélioré de 49,4 ± 14,7 à baseline à 14,3 ± 12,4 en fin d’étude (IC 95% = 12,9; 15,8, p < 0,0001). Le score ESRS moyen a diminué de manière significative de 3,7 ± 5,9 (baseline) à 2,0 ± 4,7 en fin d’étude (p < 0,0001). Le pourcentage de patients très ou extrêmement satisfaits par leur traitement antipsychotique est passé de 6,0% à baseline (traitement précédent) à 46,1% en fin d’étude (PP). EIST rapportés chez ≥ 2% des patients: tremblements (2,5%) et schizophrénie (2,2%).ConclusionsCes données chez des patients schizophrènes hospitalisés pour décompensation confirment les résultats d’études contrôlées randomisées montrant que le PP à doses flexibles est bien toléré, induit une réponse au traitement rapide et cliniquement significative et une amélioration du fonctionnement. Traduction de l’abstract résumé présenté au congrès EPA 2015 (European Congress of Psychiatry – Vienna, Austria, 28–31 March 2015).

scholarly journals Clinical Evaluation of Microendoscopy-Assisted Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Tomohide Segawa ◽  
Hisashi Koga ◽  
Masahito Oshina ◽  
Katsuhiko Ishibashi ◽  
Yuichi Takano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interbody Fusion ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Lateral Interbody Fusion ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion ◽  
Lateral Interbody

Background and objectives: Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion (OLIF) is a widely performed, minimally invasive technique to achieve lumbar lateral interbody fusion. However, some complications can arise due to constraints posed by the limited surgical space and visual field. The purpose of this study was to assess the short-term postoperative clinical outcomes of microendoscopy-assisted OLIF (ME-OLIF) compared to conventional OLIF. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively investigated 75 consecutive patients who underwent OLIF or ME-OLIF. The age, sex, diagnosis, and number of fused levels were obtained from medical records. Operation time, estimated blood loss (EBL), and intraoperative complications were also collected. Operation time and EBL were only measured per level required for the lateral procedure, excluding the posterior fixation surgery. The primary outcome measure was assessed using the Japanese Orthopedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JOABPEQ). The secondary outcome measure was assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and the European Quality of Life–5 Dimensions (EQ-5D), measured preoperatively and 1-year postoperatively. Results: This case series consisted of 14 patients in the OLIF group and 61 patients in the ME-OLIF group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean operative time and EBL (p = 0.90 and p = 0.50, respectively). The perioperative complication rate was 21.4% in the OLIF group and 21.3% in the ME-OLIF group (p = 0.99). In both groups, the postoperative JOABPEQ, EQ-5D, and ODI scores improved significantly (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Although there was no significant difference in clinical results between the two surgical methods, the results suggest that both are safe surgical methods and that microendoscopy-assisted OLIF could serve as a potential alternative to the conventional OLIF procedure.

Repair of Asymmetric Bilateral Cleft lip: 1 Stage or 2 Stage

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562110139
Author(s):  
Xinran Zhao ◽  
Yilai Wu ◽  
Guomin Wang ◽  
Yusheng Yang ◽  
Ming Cai
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Anatomical Reduction ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip ◽  
Surgery Outcomes

Objective: To verify the advantages and indications of 1-stage and 2-stage repair for asymmetric bilateral cleft lip (BCL). Design: Retrospective study. Setting: From January 2004 to December 2016 in our department. Patients: Patients with BCL. Main Outcome Measure(s): Over 6 months after the operation, the surgery outcomes were evaluated and graded by 2 experienced surgeons. Results: The result of surgery was evaluated using the scoring method of Mortier et al and Anastassov and Chipkov. Among 133 patients with asymmetric BCL, 61 (45.9%) had 1-stage repair and 72 (54.1%) had 2-stage repair. Sixty-eight (51.1%) patients had complete-incomplete cleft lip (CL), and those who underwent 1-stage repair showed a trend of better outcome ( P = .028). Fifty (37.6%) patients with incomplete-microform CL showed no significant difference between the outcomes of 2 surgery plans ( P = .253). In 15 (11.3%) patients with complete-microform CL, only one had 1-stage repair with a score of 8.5. The other 14 patients with 2-stage repair were scored 3.68 ± 1.28. Two-stage repair was preferable when the deformity degree was very different on 2 sides, as it could reduce unnecessary scar tissue and extend the nasal columella. One-stage repair could help to achieve the anatomical reduction of the orbicularis oris and a better contour of the vermilion tubercle. Conclusion: One-stage repair is recommended for patients with complete-incomplete CL and incomplete-microform CL. Two-stage repair for patients with complete-microform CL is preferred in our center, but more studies are required to support this conclusion.

312 Retrospective Analysis of Long-Term Scarring Outcomes in Paediatric Burns Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Mistry
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Burn Scar ◽  
Common Presentation ◽  
Paediatric Burns ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patient Reported

Abstract Introduction Paediatric burns are a common presentation to a plastic surgery unit. The long-term scar outcomes in paediatric burns patients are relatively unknown as most are discharged after 6 weeks follow up. We aimed to determine whether the long-term scarring outcomes are significantly different in those who had surgical treatment with Versajetâ debridement and Biobraneâ, versus those treated conservatively with non-adherent dressings, in a cohort of paediatric burns patients. Method The parents of all paediatric burns patients admitted to Stoke Mandeville Hospital from October 2014 to September 2017 were contacted by telephone to fill in the Brisbane Burn Scar Impact Profile (BBSIP), a patient reported outcome measure specifically aimed at children. The results from the questionnaires underwent statistical analysis to see if there was a significant difference in questionnaire scores between children treated surgically versus those treated conservatively. Results A total of 107 children were admitted in the timeframe, responses were received from 34 patients with 13 having been treated surgically and 21 having been treated conservatively. In all 58 questions that make up the BBSIP, there was no statistically significant difference observed in the scores of those treated surgically versus those treated conservatively. For 31 questions on the BBSIP, the lowest score indicating the best outcome was observed in all patients in both groups. Conclusions We found no statistically significant difference in the long-term scar outcomes as assessed by the BBSIP in paediatric burn patients treated with Versajetâ debridement and Biobraneâ, versus those treated conservatively with non-adherent dressings.

Duloxetine augmentation in resistant obsessive compulsive disorder: Surveying a new medication for challenges in treatment of OCD

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S415-S415
Author(s):  
A. Mowla
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
To Receive

IntroductionUp to 50% of patients with OCD have failed to respond in SSRI trials, so looking for pharmacological alternatives in treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) seems necessary.ObjectivesSurveying duloxetine augmentation in treatment of resistant OCD.AimsStudy the effects of serotonin-norepinephrine enhancers for treatment of OCD.MethodsThis augmentation trial was designed as an 8-week randomized controlled, double blind study. Forty-six patients suffering from OCD who had failed to respond to at least 12 weeks of treatment with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (fluoxetine, citalopram or fluvoxamine) were randomly allocated to receive duloxetine or sertraline plus their current anti OCD treatment. Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) was the primary outcome measure.ResultsForty-six patients (24 of 30 in duloxetine group and 22 of 27 in sertraline group) completed the trial. Both groups showed improvement over the 8-week study period (mean Y-BOCS total score at week 8 as compared with baseline: P < 0.001 and P < 0.001) without significant difference (P = 0.861). Those receiving duloxetine plus their initial medications experienced a mean decrease of 33.0% in Y-BOCS score and the patients with sertraline added to their initial medication experienced a mean decrease of 34.5% in Y-BOCS.ConclusionsOur double blind controlled clinical trial showed duloxetine to be as effective as sertraline in reducing obsessive and compulsive symptoms in resistant OCD patients. However, it needs to be noted that our study is preliminary and larger double blind placebo controlled studies are necessary to confirm the results.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Success of trabeculectomy surgery in relation to cataract surgery: 5-year outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 1395-1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi G Mathew ◽  
Sahar Parvizi ◽  
Ian E Murdoch
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Secondary Outcome Measure ◽  
Risk Of Failure ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Measure Change ◽  
Group 2

AimsTo compare success proportions at 5 years in three surgical groups: group 1, trabeculectomy alone; group 2, trabeculectomy followed by cataract surgery within 2 years; and group 3, trabeculectomy performed on a pseudophakic eye.MethodsA retrospective cohort study. 194 eyes of 194 patients were identified with at least 5 years’ follow-up post trabeculectomy (N=85, 60 and 49 in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively).Main outcome measures1. Primary outcome measure: intraocular pressure (IOP) at 5 years post-trabeculectomy surgery, 2.Secondary outcome measure: change in visual acuity at 5 years.ResultsAt 5 years, the mean IOP (SD) was 12.9 (3.5), 12.5 (4.8) and 12.7 (4.8) mm Hg in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Overall success was almost identical, 58%, 57% and 59% in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of percentage IOP reduction, number of medications, proportion restarting medication and reoperation rates at 5 years. Logistic regression for an outcome of failure showed men to be at increased risk of failure OR 1.97 (95% CI 1.10 to 3.52, p=0.02). Nearly 80% of patients retained or improved their vision following their initial trabeculectomy.ConclusionsThe sequence in which surgery is carried out does not appear to affect trabeculectomy function at 5 years, success being similar to trabeculectomy alone. In our study, men may be at increased risk of failure.

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