scholarly journals Age-related differences in lower extremity tissue compartments and associations with physical function in older adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Buford ◽  
Donovan J. Lott ◽  
Emanuele Marzetti ◽  
Stephanie E. Wohlgemuth ◽  
Krista Vandenborne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Tissue Compartments

scholarly journals Long-term participation in community group exercise improves lower extremity muscle strength and delays age-related declines in walking speed and physical function in older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chisato Hayashi ◽  
Soshiro Ogata ◽  
Tadashi Okano ◽  
Hiromitsu Toyoda ◽  
Sonoe Mashino
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Group Exercise ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle

Abstract Background The effects of group exercise on the physical function of community-dwelling older adults remain unclear. The changes in lower extremity muscle strength, timed up and go (TUG) time, and the motor fitness scale (MFS), over time, among older adults who expressed a willingness to participate in community-based physical exercise groups, were determined using multilevel modelling. Methods We analyzed data of 2407 older adults between April 2010 and December 2019 from the registry of physical tests of community-based physical exercise groups. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to assess the effect of physical exercise on lower extremity muscle strength, TUG time, and MFS scores. The durations of the exercises were evaluated by frequency of physical test’s participate. Results A deterioration in lower extremity muscle strength was found in the short-term participant group only. However, in the mid-term and long-term participation groups, lower extremity muscle strength showed a trend of improvement. The TUG time and the MFS score were negatively correlated with increasing age in both groups divided by the duration of participation. However, there was a slower rate of deterioration in the long-term participation group. Discussion Lower extremity muscle strength, TUG time, and MFS scores decline with increasing age and there were differences in the slope of deterioration that depended on the duration of participation in community-based group exercise. Conclusion Participation in group exercise improved lower extremity muscle strength, TUG time, and MFS scores of older adults living in a community. The positive effects of group exercise were dependent on long-term participation.

Influence Of Ankle Strength On Lower-extremity Physical Function In Older Adults

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 369-370
Author(s):  
Rudy J. Valentine ◽  
Abby M. Blankenberger ◽  
Kyle T. Ebersole ◽  
Ellen M. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Ankle Strength

scholarly journals Aging With HIV: Inflammation Is Associated With Pain, Poorer Physical Function, and Frailty

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 334-334
Author(s):  
Heather Derry ◽  
Carrie Johnston ◽  
Chelsie Burchett ◽  
Eugenia Siegler ◽  
Marshall Glesby
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cognitive Complaints ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Comorbidity Burden ◽  
Ifn Γ

Abstract With advances in antiretroviral therapies, people living with HIV have life expectancies similar to their HIV-negative peers. Yet, they experience elevated multi-morbidity that can compromise quality of life as they age. Links between inflammation and accelerated aging may inform interventions, but these links are understudied in older adults with HIV. We investigated cross-sectional relationships between inflammation, well-being, and geriatric syndromes among 161 HIV-positive older adults. Participants provided fasting blood samples (for serum cytokines and CRP) and completed surveys (MOS-HIV; falls) and cognitive (MoCA) and frailty assessments (using Fried criteria). Adjusted linear and logistic regression models tested relationships between inflammatory markers and age-related health outcomes, controlling for age, gender, BMI, race, comorbidity burden, statin use, and smoking status. 93% had suppressed viral load. 11% had CRP levels suggesting possible acute illness (>10 mg/L) and were excluded from analyses. Participants with higher IFN-γ reported greater pain (p=0.003), greater cognitive complaints (p=.02), and worse physical function (p=0.04), than those with lower IFN-γ. Similarly, higher IL-6 levels were related to worse physical function (p=0.01) and slightly greater cognitive complaints (p=0.06), but were not significantly related to pain in adjusted models. Compared to those with lower IL-6, those with higher IL-6 levels were more likely to be frail (p=0.04). CRP was not significantly related to these outcomes. Six-month fall history and objective cognitive scores were not significantly related to the assessed inflammatory markers. Our results illustrate key, expected links between inflammatory processes, frailty, physical function, and pain among older adults with HIV.

Pharmacoepidemiology and disability in older adults: can medications slow the age-related decline in physical function?

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Savo ◽  
Pierangela Maria Maiorano ◽  
Graziano Onder ◽  
Roberto Bernabei
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Age Related

scholarly journals Effects of Obesity Reduction on Physical Function, Inflammation and Osteoarthritis in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 1041-1041
Author(s):  
Michael Borack ◽  
Kathryn Porter Starr ◽  
Connie Bales ◽  
Jamie Rincker ◽  
Lou DeFrate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Blood Biomarkers ◽  
Inflammatory Damage ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Novel Biomarkers

Abstract Age-related increases in chronic inflammation lead to reduced physical function via damage to muscle and joints and contribute to osteoarthritis (OA) risk. Obesity in older adults with OA further exacerbates inflammatory damage. Whether obesity reduction can lessen inflammation and improve OA is unknown; however, novel biomarkers may provide an answer. We completed a 6-mo. weight loss intervention (-500 kcal/day), studying blood biomarkers of inflammation and cartilage damage along with physical function in obese older adults with (OA+; n=39) and without an OA diagnosis (OA-; n=20). Participants were aged > 60 yrs (mean = 70.2±6.0) and obese (BMI =34.6±4.7 kg/m2). At endpoint, weight loss was -6.3±4.0% and -5.8±4.1% in OA+ and OA-, respectively, with no group difference. Change scores for function for OA+ and OA- were: Short Physical Performance Battery score (+1.7±1.3 and +2.1±1.5), 8 ft up and go (-0.7±1.0 and -0.9±1.12 sec) and 6 min walk (+31.4±105.1 and +39.5±57.4 meters). All improved from baseline (p<0.05), with no group difference. Concerning blood biomarkers, there was a decrease (p<0.05) in cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP: OA biomarker), indicating a potential benefit for OA. Change in COMP also differed between groups; OA- had a greater (p<0.05) reduction than OA+. Pooled results showed improved adiponectin (p<0.05), with no group difference. There were no changes for CRP, CTX-1, IL-6 and TNF-α. Our novel findings link early intervention with better reduction of OA risk and inflammation in obese older adults and also show important benefits for improved physical function regardless of OA status.

Effects of Age and Speed on Peak Lower Extremity Joint Torques During Gait When Controlling Speed and Step Length

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis E. Anderson ◽  
Michael L. Madigan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Step Length ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Joint Torques ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Stable Gait

Significant age differences in self-selected gait kinetics have been reported in the literature. These include reduced torque and power at the ankle and increased work at the hip in older adults as compared to young adults [1, 2]. The reasons for these differences are complex and not fully understood. It is possible older adults adapt their gait to a safer, more stable gait pattern [3]. However, differences in gait may also be due to age-related neuromuscular changes such as reduced muscle strength in older adults [4].

scholarly journals The Role of Psychological and Social Well-being on Physical Function Trajectories in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
pp. 1579-1585
Author(s):  
Marguerita Saadeh ◽  
Anna-Karin Welmer ◽  
Serhiy Dekhtyar ◽  
Laura Fratiglioni ◽  
Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
National Study ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Rate Of Decline

Abstract Background Psychological and social well-being are emerging as major determinants in preserving health in old age. We aimed to explore the association between these factors and the rate of decline in physical function over time in older adults. Methods Data were gathered from the Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K). The study population consisted of 1,153 non-demented, community-dwelling men and women free from multimorbidity or impairments in basic or instrumental activities of daily living at baseline. They were followed over 12 years to capture the rate of decline in physical function, which was measured by combining data on walking speed, balance, and chair stands. The association between baseline psychological and social well-being and decline in physical function was estimated through linear mixed models, after multiple adjustments including personality and depressive symptoms. Results Higher levels of psychological (β = .007; p = .037) and social (β = .008; p = .043) well-being were significantly associated with a decreased rate of decline in physical function over the follow-up. There was a significant three-way interaction between psychological well-being*time*sex (female vs male) (β = .015; p = .047), showing that a slower decline in physical function was observed only among women and not in men. The association was strongest for individuals with high levels of both psychological and social well-being (β = .012; p = .019). Conclusion High levels of psychological and social well-being may slow down the age-related decline in physical function, which confirms the complexity of older adults’ health, but also points towards new preventative strategies.

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