Cross-sectional study of factors influencing sex hormone–binding globulin concentrations in normally cycling premenopausal women

AbstractBackground Both sex hormone-binding globulin and central obesity have been found to be associated with metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. However, the direct relation between sex hormone-binding globulin and central obesity has not been demonstrated.Methodology We performed a cross-sectional study of 1166 male participants from Zunyi, Guizhou, western China, in 2013. Each participant completed a questionnaire and had a brief clinical exam with a fasting blood sample taken. All blood samples underwent standard laboratory testing for sex hormone-binding globulin. Level of serum sex hormone-binding globulin was compared by demographic characteristics, and multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the independent association of variables and sex hormone-binding globulin level.Results The mean serum level of sex hormone-binding globulin was increased in old-aged men (older than 40 years; mean 44.68±20.58 nmol/L), low diastolic blood pressure (<90mmHg; 43.76±20.50 nmol/L), waist-to-height ratio <0.5 (48.73±20.59 nmol/L), no education (52.36±22.91 nmol/L), farm occupation (43.58±20.60nmol/L), non-alcohol or former user (44.78±20.94 nmol/L) and long-term medication history (44.79±21.50 nmol/L). Factors independently associated with sex hormone binding globulin level on multiple regression were waist-to-height ratio (β=- 11.84 [95% confidence interval -13.96,-9.72]), age(β=12.40 [9.63,15.17]) and diastolic blood pressure (β=-5.07 [-7.44,-2.71]).Conclusions Central obesity has an independent inverse relation with serum level of sex hormone binding globulin among western Chinese men

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Establishment of sex difference in circulating uric acid is associated with higher testosterone and lower sex hormone-binding globulin in adolescent boys

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-96959-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yutang Wang ◽

Fadi J. Charchar

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Sex Difference ◽

Weighted Least Squares ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sex Hormone ◽

Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽

Least Squares Regression ◽

Hormone Binding ◽

Adolescent Boys ◽

Cross Sectional

AbstractMen have higher circulating levels of uric acid than women. This sex difference is suspected to be a result of suppressive effects of estradiol on uric acid. If so, estradiol would be inversely associated with circulating uric acid. This study aimed to test this hypothesis. This cross-sectional study included 9472 participants (weighted sample size of 184,342,210) aged 12–80 years from the 2013 to 2016 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Associations of sex hormones with uric acid were analyzed using weighted least squares regression, adjusting for demographic characteristics, lifestyle risk factors, and comorbidities. Neither free nor bioavailable estradiol was inversely associated with circulating uric acid in adolescent boys or girls, or adult men or women, or perimenopausal women after full adjustment. The sex difference in uric acid was established during adolescence as a result of a dramatic increase in uric acid in adolescent boys. During adolescence, the increase in estradiol in girls over time was accompanied by a relatively unchanged level of uric acid. All three fractions of estradiol (free, bioavailable, and total) were positively associated with uric acid in adolescent boys and girls after full adjustment. In adolescent boys, all three fractions of testosterone were positively associated with serum uric acid, and sex hormone-binding globulin was inversely associated with uric acid after full adjustment. These results suggest that estradiol is not inversely associated with circulating uric acid in adolescents and the establishment of sex difference in circulating uric acid during adolescence is associated with higher testosterone and lower sex hormone-binding globulin in adolescent boys.

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Associations of insulin resistance, sex hormone-binding globulin, triglyceride, and hormonal profiles in polycystic ovary syndrome: A cross-sectional study

International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine ◽

10.18502/ijrm.v19i7.9476 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Bahia Namavar Jahromi ◽

Niloofar Borzou ◽

Mohammad Ebrahim Parsanezhad ◽

Zahra Anvar ◽

Parvin Ghaemmaghami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sex Hormone ◽

Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽

Hormone Binding ◽

Ovary Syndrome ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) occurs in 50–70% of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and can be applied as a prediabetic feature in PCOS. Objective: In this study, indirect methods including fasting blood sugar (FBS), fasting insulin (FI), FBS/FI ratio, and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were compared with the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) as a standard technique. The association of IR to sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and several hormones was also analyzed. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 74 PCOS women. Sensitivity and specificity of each IR method was calculated based on HOMA-IR. Hormonal profiles of the patients were compared between the groups with defined normal and abnormal values of IR. Results: Triglyceride levels had a positive association with FBS and HOMA-IR (p = 0.002 and p = 0.01, respectively) with a negative association to QUICKI and SHBG (p = 0.02 and p = 0.02, respectively). SHBG showed a significant negative association with FBS (p = 0.001). Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate showed a positive association with FI (p = 0.002). Seven PCOS women showed abnormal SHBG levels (< 36 nmol/L) while expressed normal values of the rest of the studied variables. FI and QUICKI had the highest sensitivity while FBS/FI and QUICKI had the highest specificity when HOMA-IR was applied as a standard test. Conclusion: SHBG and triglyceride had a significant negative and positive association with IR, respectively. HOMA-IR followed by FI and QUICKI is the most sensitive test for the detection of IR. SHBG levels can be a helpful biomarker for the diagnosis of PCOS. Key words: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Insulin resistance, Sex hormone-binding globulin.

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A comparative cross-sectional study of blood pressure changes in postmenopausal and premenopausal women

MedPulse International Journal of Physiology ◽

10.26611/1031221 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 20-23

Author(s):

Padmakar Sasane ◽

◽

Pandurang Narhare ◽

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Premenopausal Women ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pressure Changes

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Factors influencing depression in primary caregivers of patients with dementia in China: A cross-sectional study

Geriatric Nursing ◽

10.1016/j.gerinurse.2021.03.017 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 734-739

Author(s):

Yanhong H. Zhang ◽

Yin Cheng ◽

Zhaoqin Wang ◽

Tianting Yang ◽

Wenjun Lv ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Caregivers ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Influencing

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Individual and organizational factors influencing workplace cyberbullying of nurses: A cross‐sectional study

Nursing and Health Sciences ◽

10.1111/nhs.12858 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Young Ji Kim ◽

Jeong Sil Choi

Keyword(s):

Organizational Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Influencing

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Perspectives of Healthcare Professionals Regarding Factors Associated with Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and Their Consequences: A Cross Sectional Study in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10070878 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 878

Author(s):

Mohamed A. Baraka ◽

Amany Alboghdadly ◽

Samar Alshawwa ◽

Asim Ahmed Elnour ◽

Hassan Alsultan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Inappropriate Prescribing ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Key Factors ◽

Eastern Province ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Factors Influencing

Factors reported in the literature associated with inappropriate prescribing of antimicrobials include physicians with less experience, uncertain diagnosis, and patient caregiver influences on physicians’ decisions. Monitoring antimicrobial resistance is critical for identifying emerging resistance patterns, developing, and assessing the effectiveness of mitigation strategies. Improvement in prescribing antimicrobials would minimize the risk of resistance and, consequently, improve patients’ clinical and health outcomes. The purpose of the study is to delineate factors associated with antimicrobial resistance, describe the factors influencing prescriber’s choice during prescribing of antimicrobial, and examine factors related to consequences of inappropriate prescribing of antimicrobial. A cross-sectional study was conducted among healthcare providers (190) in six tertiary hospitals in the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia. The research panel has developed, validated, and piloted survey specific with closed-ended questions. A value of p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. All data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS version 23.0). 72.7% of the respondents have agreed that poor skills and knowledge are key factors that contribute to the inappropriate prescribing of antimicrobials. All of the respondents acknowledged effectiveness, previous experience with the antimicrobial, and reading scientific materials (such as books, articles, and the internet) as being key factors influencing physicians’ choice during antimicrobial prescribing. The current study has identified comprehensive education and training needs for healthcare providers about antimicrobial resistance. Using antimicrobials unnecessarily, insufficient duration of antimicrobial use, and using broad spectrum antimicrobials were reported to be common practices. Furthermore, poor skills and knowledge were a key factor that contributed to the inappropriate use and overuse of antimicrobials, and the use of antimicrobials without a physician’s prescription (i.e., self-medication) represent key factors which contribute to AMR from participants’ perspectives. Furthermore, internal policy and guidelines are needed to ensure that the antimicrobials are prescribed in accordance with standard protocols and clinical guidelines.

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