High throughput quantitative volatile profiling of melons with silicone rod extraction – thermal desorption – GC–MS for plant breeding line selection

2019 ◽  
Vol 270 ◽  
pp. 368-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aniko Kende ◽  
Pei Pei Lim ◽  
Florence Lai ◽  
Michael Jessop ◽  
Lauraine Swindale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Thermal Desorption ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Line Selection ◽  
Silicone Rod

Breeding Line Selection Based on Multiple Traits

Crop Science ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weikai Yan ◽  
Judith Frégeau-Reid
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Line ◽  
Multiple Traits ◽  
Line Selection

scholarly journals Review: Cost-Effective Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Platform for Field Plant Breeding Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 998 ◽  
Author(s):  
GyuJin Jang ◽  
Jaeyoung Kim ◽  
Ju-Kyung Yu ◽  
Hak-Jin Kim ◽  
Yoonha Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
High Throughput Phenotyping

Utilization of remote sensing is a new wave of modern agriculture that accelerates plant breeding and research, and the performance of farming practices and farm management. High-throughput phenotyping is a key advanced agricultural technology and has been rapidly adopted in plant research. However, technology adoption is not easy due to cost limitations in academia. This article reviews various commercial unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platforms as a high-throughput phenotyping technology for plant breeding. It compares known commercial UAV platforms that are cost-effective and manageable in field settings and demonstrates a general workflow for high-throughput phenotyping, including data analysis. The authors expect this article to create opportunities for academics to access new technologies and utilize the information for their research and breeding programs in more workable ways.

scholarly journals Advancing High-Throughput Phenotyping of Wheat in Early Selection Cycles

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuncai Hu ◽  
Samuel Knapp ◽  
Urs Schmidhalter
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Early Selection ◽  
Spectral Indices ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
High Throughput Phenotyping ◽  
Spectral Sensing

Enhancing plant breeding to ensure global food security requires new technologies. For wheat phenotyping, only limited seeds and resources are available in early selection cycles. This forces breeders to use small plots with single or multiple row plots in order to include the maximum number of genotypes/lines for their assessment. High-throughput phenotyping through remote sensing may meet the requirements for the phenotyping of thousands of genotypes grown in small plots in early selection cycles. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the performance of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for assessing the grain yield of wheat genotypes in different row numbers per plot in the early selection cycles with ground-based spectral sensing. A field experiment consisting of 32 wheat genotypes with four plot designs (1, 2, 3, and 12 rows per plot) was conducted. Near infrared (NIR)-based spectral indices showed significant correlations (p < 0.01) with the grain yield at flowering to grain filling, regardless of row numbers, indicating the potential of spectral indices as indirect selection traits for the wheat grain yield. Compared with terrestrial sensing, aerial-based sensing from UAV showed consistently higher levels of association with the grain yield, indicating that an increased precision may be obtained and is expected to increase the efficiency of high-throughput phenotyping in large-scale plant breeding programs. Our results suggest that high-throughput sensing from UAV may become a convenient and efficient tool for breeders to promote a more efficient selection of improved genotypes in early selection cycles. Such new information may support the calibration of genomic information by providing additional information on other complex traits, which can be ascertained by spectral sensing.

Development of an Automated High- Throughput Phenotyping System for Wheat Evaluation in a Controlled Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chongyuan Zhang ◽  
Chongyuan Zhang ◽  
Michael O. Pumphrey ◽  
Jianfeng Zhou ◽  
Qin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
High Throughput Phenotyping ◽  
Image Processing Algorithms ◽  
Processing Algorithms ◽  
Wheat Lines

Abstract. Plant breeding has significantly improved in recent years; however, phenotyping remains a bottleneck, as the process of evaluating and measuring plant traits is often expensive, subjective, and laborious. Although commercial phenotyping systems are available, factors like cost, space, and need for specific controlled-environment conditions limit the affordability of these products. An accurate, user-friendly, adaptive, and high-throughput phenotyping (HTP) system is highly desirable to plant breeders, physiologists, and agronomists. To solve this problem, an automated HTP system and image processing algorithms were developed and tested in this study. The automated platform was an integration of an aluminum framework (including movement and control components), three cameras, and a laptop computer. A control program was developed using LabVIEW to manage operation of the system frame and sensors as a single-unit automated HTP system. Image processing algorithms were developed in MATLAB for high-throughput analysis of images acquired by the system to estimate phenotypes and traits associated with tested plants. The phenotypes extracted were color/spectral, texture, temperature, morphology, and greenness features on a temporal scale. Using two wheat lines with known heat tolerance, the functions of the HTP system were validated. Heat stress tolerance experiments revealed that features such as green leaf area and green normalized difference vegetation index derived from our system showed differences between the control and heat stress treatments, as well as between heat-tolerant and susceptible wheat lines. In another experiment, stripe rust resistance in wheat was assessed. With the HTP system, some potential for detecting qualitative traits, such as disease resistance, was observed, although further validation is needed. In summary, successful development and implementation of an automated system with custom image processing algorithms for HTP in wheat was achieved. Improvement of such systems would further help plant breeders, physiologists, and agronomists to phenotype crops in an efficient, objective, and high-throughput manner. Keywords: Automation, Heat stress, Image processing, Plant breeding, Sensing, Stripe rust.

scholarly journals The occurrence of Fusarium poae (Peck) Wollenw. on oat (Avena sativa L.) panicles and its harmfulness

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Kiecana ◽  
Małgorzata Cegiełko ◽  
Elżbieta Mielniczuk ◽  
Juliusz Perkowski
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Fusarium Poae ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The City

Field observations of oat panicles carried out in the fields of Danko Plant Breeding Company in the period 2006–2007 and in the fields of Strzelce Plant Breeding Company in 2008 showed the occurrence of panicles with <em>Fusarium </em>head blight symptoms in each growing season. In 2006 the percentage of such panicles ranged from 0.25 to 1.5%, in 2007 from 2.0 to 9.0%, whereas in 2008 from 0.5 to 8.0%. The species <em>Fusarium poae </em>was the main causal agent of <em>Fusarium </em>head blight. A study on inoculation of panicles of 12 genotypes of oats with <em>Fusarium poae </em>strain no. 35, which was conducted in 2008 in experimental fields near the city of Zamość, determined the number of kernels per panicle, grain yield from 40 panicles (4×10 panicles), and 1000-kernels weight (TKW) after the harvest of the crop at full grain maturity. Compared to the control, the lowest reduction in the number of kernels per panicle was found in the case of the cultivar 'Krezus' (88.69% of the control), while the highest one in 'Szakal' (22.46% of the control). As a result of inoculation of panicles with <em>F. poae</em>, the breeding line STH 8107 was characterized by the lowest decrease in kernels yield (69.76% of the control), whereas the highest decrease was found in the breeding line CHD 1430/02 (14.26% of the control). Compared to the control, the lowest reduction in TKW was observed in the breeding line STH 8107 (96.46% of the control), whereas the highest one in the breeding line CHD 1430/02 (45.06% of the control). The presence of secondary metabolites of <em>F. poae </em>and group A trichothecene compounds: HT-2 toxins (from 0 to 0.013 mg × kg<sup>-1</sup>), diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) (from 0 to 0.002 mg × kg<sup>-1</sup>), T-2 tetraol (from 0.001 to 0.014 mg x g<sup>-1</sup>), and scirpentriol (from 0.008 to 0.074 mg × kg<sup>-1</sup>), was found in infected oat kernels. Group B trichothecenes: nivalenol (from 0 to 0.157 mg × g<sup>-1</sup>), deoxynivalenol (DON) (from 0 to 0.127 mg × kg<sup>-1</sup>) as well as its acetylated derivatives: 3-AcDON (from 0 to 0.059 mg × kg<sup>-1</sup>) and 15-Ac DON (from 0 to 0.288 mg × kg<sup>-1</sup>), were also present in oat kernels obtained from panicles artificially infected with <em>Fusarium poae</em>.

scholarly journals High throughput sequencing unravels tomato-pathogen interactions towards a sustainable plant breeding

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Doroteia Campos ◽  
Maria do Rosário Félix ◽  
Mariana Patanita ◽  
Patrick Materatski ◽  
Carla Varanda
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Molecular Networks ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractTomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the most economically important vegetables throughout the world. It is one of the best studied cultivated dicotyledonous plants, often used as a model system for plant research into classical genetics, cytogenetics, molecular genetics, and molecular biology. Tomato plants are affected by different pathogens such as viruses, viroids, fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, and nematodes, that reduce yield and affect product quality. The study of tomato as a plant-pathogen system helps to accelerate the discovery and understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying disease resistance and offers the opportunity of improving the yield and quality of their edible products. The use of functional genomics has contributed to this purpose through both traditional and recently developed techniques, that allow the identification of plant key functional genes in susceptible and resistant responses, and the understanding of the molecular basis of compatible interactions during pathogen attack. Next-generation sequencing technologies (NGS), which produce massive quantities of sequencing data, have greatly accelerated research in biological sciences and offer great opportunities to better understand the molecular networks of plant–pathogen interactions. In this review, we summarize important research that used high-throughput RNA-seq technology to obtain transcriptome changes in tomato plants in response to a wide range of pathogens such as viruses, fungi, bacteria, oomycetes, and nematodes. These findings will facilitate genetic engineering efforts to incorporate new sources of resistance in tomato for protection against pathogens and are of major importance for sustainable plant-disease management, namely the ones relying on the plant’s innate immune mechanisms in view of plant breeding.

scholarly journals Breeding tall fescue for establishment vigour

1993 ◽  
pp. 151-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.S. Easton ◽  
C.G. Pennell
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Breeding Method ◽  
The Past ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
Nursery Box

Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) has been shown to have great potential to supply quality forage through the summer in environments where the water regime limits performance of perennial ryegrass (Loliumperenne L.). The use of tall fescue seed in NZ has risen from almost none 15 years ago to about 200 tonnes today. However the further use of tall fescue is limited by the difficulty some farmers have in establishing it, particularly when performance is compared with perennial ryegrass. Experience is generally that the widely used imported cultivar AU Triumph establishes more vigorously than the NZ cultivar Grasslands Roa. Tall fescue breeding at AgResearch Grasslands has in the past 10 years concentrated on improving the vigour at establishment, while maintaining the excellent standard of forage quality achieved with Roa. Data are presented indicating substantial progress, with breeding line families outperforming all control cultivars. However, further data suggest a strong effect of conditions of seed ripening and harvest on the vigour of seed when sown. Data comparing different field multiplications and comparing breeding families harvested in the field and in the glasshouse confirm this. Field sowings and more controlled nursery box experiments are described. The paper discusses implications for plant breeding method and for seed production

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