Assessment of the microstructural characteristics and the in vitro bioactive properties of sunflower oil-based emulsions stabilized by fava bean (vicia faba) protein

SummaryIn this highly controlled trial, 26 normolipidemic men (average age 28 years, range 18 to 60) were fed a baseline diet high in milk fat (MF) (fat 36% of energy, saturates 19%, monounsaturates 11%, polyunsaturates 4%), followed by a diet high in sunflower oil (SO) (fat 38% of energy, saturates 13%, monounsaturates 10%, polyunsaturates 13%) and another diet high in low erucic-acid rapeseed oil (RO) (fat 38% of energy, saturates 12%, monounsaturates 16%, polyunsaturates 8%). All diets were mixed natural diets with the same cholesterol contents. The baseline milk fat diet was given for 14 days and the oil diets for 24 days in a blind cross-over design. The platelet in vitro aggregation (slope %/min) induced by 1, 2 and 3 pM ADP and collagen (25 pg/ml PRP) was highly significantly (p <0.001) increased after both oil diets when compared with the results from the milk fat diet. The aggregation pattern determined by threshold collagen concentration confirmed increased collagen sensitivity of the platelets after the rapeseed oil diet (p <0.001). The enhancement of platelet aggregation was associated with increased in vitro platelet thromboxane production after the oil diets vs. the milk fat diet (p <0.05 after the sunflower oil diet and p <0.001 after the rapeseed oil diet).

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Cooking of short, medium and long-grain rice in limited and excess water: Effects on microstructural characteristics and gastro-small intestinal starch digestion in vitro

LWT ◽

10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111379 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 146 ◽

pp. 111379

Author(s):

Masatsugu Tamura ◽

Chisato Kumagai ◽

Lovedeep Kaur ◽

Yukiharu Ogawa ◽

Jaspreet Singh

Keyword(s):

Starch Digestion ◽

Microstructural Characteristics ◽

Excess Water ◽

Water Effects ◽

Small Intestinal

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Bacillus megaterium-Mediated Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles and Their Antifungal Activity against Rhizoctonia solani in Faba Bean Plants

Journal of Fungi ◽

10.3390/jof7030195 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 195

Author(s):

Amr H. Hashem ◽

Amer M. Abdelaziz ◽

Ahmed A. Askar ◽

Hossam M. Fouda ◽

Ahmed M. A. Khalil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Vicia Faba ◽

Root Rot ◽

Antifungal Agents ◽

Damping Off ◽

Growth Promoters ◽

Root Rot Disease ◽

Rot Disease

Rhizoctonia root-rot disease causes severe economic losses in a wide range of crops, including Vicia faba worldwide. Currently, biosynthesized nanoparticles have become super-growth promoters as well as antifungal agents. In this study, biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) have been examined as growth promoters as well as antifungal agents against Rhizoctonia solani RCMB 031001 in vitro and in vivo. Se-NPs were synthesized biologically by Bacillus megaterium ATCC 55000 and characterized by using UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging. TEM and DLS images showed that Se-NPs are mono-dispersed spheres with a mean diameter of 41.2 nm. Se-NPs improved healthy Vicia faba cv. Giza 716 seed germination, morphological, metabolic indicators, and yield. Furthermore, Se-NPs exhibited influential antifungal activity against R. solani in vitro as well as in vivo. Results revealed that minimum inhibition and minimum fungicidal concentrations of Se-NPs were 0.0625 and 1 mM, respectively. Moreover, Se-NPs were able to decrease the pre-and post-emergence of R. solani damping-off and minimize the severity of root rot disease. The most effective treatment method is found when soaking and spraying were used with each other followed by spraying and then soaking individually. Likewise, Se-NPs improve morphological and metabolic indicators and yield significantly compared with infected control. In conclusion, biosynthesized Se-NPs by B. megaterium ATCC 55000 are a promising and effective agent against R. solani damping-off and root rot diseases in Vicia faba as well as plant growth inducer.

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Nutritional and antinutritional composition of fava bean (Vicia faba L., var. minor) cultivars

Food Research International ◽

10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110038 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 140 ◽

pp. 110038

Author(s):

Inger-Cecilia Mayer Labba ◽

Hanne Frøkiær ◽

Ann-Sofie Sandberg

Keyword(s):

Vicia Faba ◽

Fava Bean ◽

Vicia Faba L

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Impact of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on the chemical composition, bioactive properties, and cytotoxicity of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Syrah grape pomace extract

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/c8fo02534g ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 1856-1869 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Joana R. Costa ◽

Manuela Amorim ◽

Ana Vilas-Boas ◽

Renata V. Tonon ◽

Lourdes M. C. Cabral ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Human Health ◽

Grape Pomace ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Gastrointestinal Digestion ◽

Gastrointestinal Health ◽

Bioactive Properties

Grape pomace (GP) is a major byproduct worldwide, and it is well known for its bioactive compounds, such as fibers and phenolic compounds, that are popular for their impact upon human health, including in gastrointestinal health.

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