scholarly journals Appraisal of the suitability of two-stage extraction process by combining compressed fluid technologies of polar lipid fractions from chia seed

2020 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 109007 ◽  
Author(s):  
María V. Calvo ◽  
David Villanueva-Bermejo ◽  
Pilar Castro-Gómez ◽  
Tiziana Fornari ◽  
Javier Fontecha
Keyword(s):  
Polar Lipid ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Chia Seed ◽  
Lipid Fractions ◽  
Compressed Fluid

scholarly journals Lipid Isolation Process and Study on Some Molecular Species of Polar Lipid Isolated from Seed of Madhuca ellitica

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doan Lan Phuong ◽  
Tran Quoc Toan ◽  
Ly P. T. Dang ◽  
Andrey B. Imbs ◽  
Pham Quoc Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Species ◽  
Polar Lipid ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Polar Lipids ◽  
Polar Lipid Profile ◽  
Individual Molecular Species ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Major Molecular Species

This study attempted the lipid extraction process from the seeds of Madhuca ellitica, a lipid-rich plant, and conducted a lipidomic analysis on molecular species of the obtained product. Total lipids of the crude seeds were found to contain 11.2% of polar lipids. The major fatty acids (FAs) of the polar lipids were palmitic (16:0), stearic (18:0), oleic (18:1n-9), and linoleic (18:2n-6) acids, which amounted to 28.5, 12.5, 44.8, and 13.2% of total FAs, respectively. The content and chemical structures of individual molecular species of phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidic acid (PA), and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG) were determined by HPLC with a tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The major molecular species were 18:1/18:2 PE, 16:0/18:1 PC, 18:1/18:2 PC, 16:0/18:2 PG, 16:0/18:1 PG, 16:1/18:1 PI, 16:0/18:1 PI, 18:0/18:2 PI, 16:0/18:1 PA, 18:1/18:2 PA, 16:0/18:1 SQDG, and 18:0/18:1 SQDG. The application of a tandem HRMS allows us to determine the content of each isomer in pairs of the monoisotopic molecular species, for example, 18:0/18:2 and 18:1/18:1. The evaluation of the seed polar lipid profile will be helpful for developing the potential of this tree for nutritive and industrial uses.

Effect of glutamic acid on the fatty acid and lipid composition of Choanephora cucurbitarum

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1827-1833 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Deven ◽  
M. S. Manocha
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Polar Lipid ◽  
Lipid Fractions ◽  
Yeast Extract Medium ◽  
Choanephora Cucurbitarum ◽  
Extract Medium

The fatty acid composition of the total, neutral, sterol, free fatty acid, and polar-lipid fractions in the mycelium of Choanephora cucurbitarum was determined. The major fatty acids in all lipid fractions were palmitic, oleic, linoleic, and γ-linolenic acid. Different lipid fractions did not show any particular preference for any individual fatty acid; however, the degree of unsaturation was different in different lipid fractions. Free fatty acid and polar lipid fractions contained a higher proportion of γ-linolenic acid than did triglyceride and sterol fractions. Addition of glutamic acid to the malt–yeast extract medium resulted in the biosynthesis of a number of long-chain fatty acids beyond the γ-linolenic acid. These fatty acids, e.g., C22:1, C24:0, and C26:0, were never observed to be present in the fungus when grown on a malt–yeast extract medium without glutamic acid. Furthermore, thin-layer chromatographic analysis showed a larger and denser spot of diphosphatidyl glycerol from the mycelium grown on glutamic acid medium than from the control mycelium. The possible significance of this finding is discussed.

scholarly journals MODELING OF ESSENTIAL OIL EXTRACTION PROCESS: APPLICATION FOR ORANGE, POMELO, AND LEMONGRASS

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (4A) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Thanh Nguyen Dang Binh ◽  
Dung Nguyen Trung ◽  
Duc Hong Ta
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Kinetic Rate ◽  
Kinetic Mechanisms ◽  
Extraction Processes ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Kinetics Of

ABSTRACT - HCTN - 44In this study, the kinetic models of steam distillation of orange (Citrus Sinensis (L.) Osbeck), pomelo (Citrus grandis L.), and lemongrass (Cymbopogon Citratus) for the recovery of essential oils were developed. The model parameters were estimated based on experimental data and comprehensive kinetic mechanisms of the solid-liquid extraction process. Numerical results showed that, the extraction mechanism of the three materials were best fit to the Patricelli two-stage model in which the diffusion of the oil was followed by the washing step. Moreover, the model parameters obtained from the measured data reflected clearly the nature of the two-stage extraction at which the kinetic rate of the washing step (surface extraction) was higher than that of in-tissue diffusion step. Thus, the kinetics of the extraction processes obtained from the present work could be used for the scale-up of the extraction process operating at a large scale and for the purpose of process control as well.

scholarly journals Changes in humidity and temperature inside the pine cones (Pinus sylvestris L.) in two stages seed extraction

2013 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Aniszewska
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Lower Limit ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Continuous Control ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Seed Extraction ◽  
Pine Cones ◽  
Two Stages

Abstract Temperature measurements were taken: (1) under opening scales, (2) at the seed, and (3) in the stem, of pine cones. Changes in temperature were only examined during the second stage of a two-stage seed extraction process. During this phase a permanent dehydration temperature of 50°C was used, following comparison over a ranges of temperatures, between a lower limit of 35°C and a higher limited of 50°C. The temperature was slowest to increase in the cone’s stem, and fastest to increase under opening scales. The temperature at the seed remained constant at around 43°C for the first hour of dehydration, before increasing to 50°C. The two-stages method of cone extraction employed here, with a permanent dehydration temperature of 50°C in second stage, can be used in extraction cabinets equipped with seed extractors that allow the continuous control of air humidity. The time spent soaking during the inter-stage break should last 5 minutes. Viability of seeds obtained in two-stages process was 78% to 89%

Sequential extraction of vanadium and chromium from chromium-bearing vanadium slag through two-stage soda roasting-water leaching

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (6) ◽  
pp. 607
Author(s):  
Helin Fan ◽  
Huamei Duan ◽  
Wenjie He ◽  
Dengfu Chen ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Leaching Rate ◽  
Vanadium Slag ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Water Leaching ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Roasting Process

The sequential extraction of vanadium and chromium from the chromium-bearing vanadium slag through two-stage soda roasting-water leaching was proposed. The precipitation order and thermodynamic stability of Cr-spinel and V-spinel were thoroughly calculated with FactSage 6.3 software. The mechanism of the sequential extraction process is further determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Thermodynamic calculations show that the precipitation order of main phases in the chromium-bearing vanadium slag is as follows: Cr-spinel → V-spinel → Fe-olivine, while the priority of the reaction between main phases with Na2CO3 follows the order of Fe-olivine → V-spinel → Cr-spinel. XRD results reveal that the vanadium-bearing phase in roasted slag is water-soluble NaVO3, while the chromium-bearing phase in roasted slag is Cr-spinel ((Mn, Fe) Cr2O4) and solid solutions ((Fe0.6Cr0.4)2 O3) with the soda amount of 21% and temperature of 800 °C. The different evolution route of vanadium-bearing phase and chromium-bearing phase during the roasting process ensures preferential extraction of vanadium from the chromium-bearing vanadium slag. The leaching rates of vanadium and chromium reach 89.36% and 4.91% with optimized experimental conditions. The high leaching rate of vanadium and low leaching rate of chromium show good results of preferential extraction of vanadium from the chromium-bearing vanadium slag.

Effect of various cultural conditions on the fatty acid and lipid composition of Choanephora cucurbitarum

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Deven ◽  
M. S. Manocha
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Polar Lipid ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Degree Of Unsaturation ◽  
Lipid Fractions ◽  
Choanephora Cucurbitarum

The fatty acid composition of the total and polar lipid fractions of Choanephora cucurbitarum grown under different cultural conditions were analyzed by thin-layer and gas–liquid chromatography. It was observed that temperature, age, pH, and light influenced the degree of unsaturation, this being due mainly to changes in the γ-linolenic acid concentration. The conditions used in this study did not alter the qualitative profile of fatty acids normally present in the organism. Neither did these conditions stimulate the production of further long-chain fatty acids (C20–C26) beyond γ-linolenic acid (C18:3) as reported earlier using growth media containing glutamic acid. The fatty acid pattern of lipid fractions though the same qualitatively, differed quantitatively. The polar lipid fractions, phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, and diphosphatidyl glycerol showed an appreciable variation in γ-linolenic acid content under different cultural conditions. The degree of unsaturation of the various lipid fractions decreased with increases in temperature, light intensity, and pH, but within each treatment the same pattern of decreasing degree of unsaturation with increasing age was observed. The significance of these observations is discussed.

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