scholarly journals Summary statistics for drugs and alcohol concentration recovered in post-mortem femoral blood in Western Switzerland

2021 ◽  
pp. 110883
Author(s):  
Elodie Lefrancois ◽  
Naomi Reymond ◽  
Aurélien Thomas ◽  
Christelle Lardi ◽  
Tony Fracasso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Summary Statistics ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Drugs And Alcohol ◽  
Femoral Blood

Interpretation of melperone intoxication: post-mortem concentration distribution and interpretation of intoxication data

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-237
Author(s):  
Marek Dziadosz ◽  
Katarina Bolte ◽  
Wolfgang Rosenberger ◽  
Michael Klintschar ◽  
Jörg Teske
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Distribution ◽  
Method Development ◽  
Standard Addition ◽  
Lethal Concentration ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Reference Concentration ◽  
Femoral Blood

Abstract Objectives Since melperone abuse with lethal intoxication is common, expert opinions based on therapeutical and lethal concentration ranges can be considered as important. Because there is a lack of information about fatalities caused by melperone mono-intoxications and data on tissue samples with concentration distribution, the aim of this work is the examination of lethal concentration ranges of melperone and drug quantification in different matrices. Methods An LC-MS/MS method was applied for analyses performed in blood and tissue samples. Quantification based on standard addition and sample preparation on liquid–liquid extraction with 1-chlorobutane. An appropriate tissue homogenization was performed ahead of extraction with an IKA Ultra-Turrax-Tube-Drive®. A Luna 5 µm C18 (2) 100 Å, 150  × 2 mm analytical column was used for chromatographic separation and the elution was performed with two mobile phases consisted of A (H2O/methanol = 95/5, v/v) and B (H2O/methanol = 3/97, v/v) both with 10 mM ammonium acetate and 0.1% acetic acid. Results A multi-drug LC-MS/MS analytical method developed was applied successfully for melperone quantification in different post-mortem matrices. No analytical problems could be identified during method development and analyses of real samples. The melperone lethal concentration calculated in femoral blood of the drug mono-intoxication investigated was 10 mg/L. Melperone concentration distribution was presented for the first time. Conclusions The lethal reference concentration of melperone in femoral blood of 17.1 mg/L pointed out in different reference lists should be used with caution. Instead, a lower lethal melperone concentration should be considered. The post-mortem concentration distribution of the drug presented could be helpful in the interpretation of cases where no blood samples are available.

Femoral blood concentrations of the designer benzodiazepine etizolam in post-mortem cases

2020 ◽  
pp. 002580242097381
Author(s):  
Laura J Hikin ◽  
Paul R Smith ◽  
Peter D Maskell ◽  
Hassan Kurimbokus ◽  
Emily Ashong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abusers ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Spectrometry Method ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Blunt Force Trauma ◽  
The World ◽  
Femoral Blood ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Multiple Drugs

Etizolam is a thienodiazepine that although licensed for clinical usage in Japan, India and South Korea is commonly abused and detected in post-mortem cases around the world. To date, there are limited data in the literature to allow for the interpretation of blood concentrations of etizolam in post-mortem cases. A liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method was used to quantitate etizolam concentrations in 28 post-mortem cases where etizolam was detected. The median concentration of etizolam in femoral blood was 8.5 ng/mL (range 1.0–172.0 ng/mL; n = 24); in antemortem plasma, the etizolam concentration range was 4–44 ng/mL ( n = 4). The mean age of the individuals abusing etizolam was 38.5 ± 8.4 years (median 39 years), with the majority being male (86%). In all of the cases, multiple drugs were detected, with the most common being pregabalin (61%) followed by morphine/heroin (54%), diazepam (54%) and benzoylecgonine (21%), illustrating the increasing problem of poly-substance use in drug abusers. The cause of death in the cases in which etizolam was detected was multi-drug toxicity in 87.5% of the cases, with 12.5% unrelated to drug use (hangings and blunt-force trauma). These data will further help forensic practitioners with the interpretation of post-mortem etizolam concentrations.

scholarly journals Ethanol Determination in Post-Mortem Samples: Correlation between Blood and Vitreous Humor Concentration

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2724
Author(s):  
Fabio Savini ◽  
Angela Tartaglia ◽  
Ludovica Coccia ◽  
Danilo Palestini ◽  
Cristian D’Ovidio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Vitreous Humor ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Ethanol Determination

Ethanol (ethylic alcohol) represents the most commonly used drug worldwide and is often involved in clinical and forensic toxicology. Based on several reports, excessive alcohol consumption is the main contributing factor in traffic accidents, drownings, suicides, and other crimes. For these reasons, it becomes essential to analyze the alcohol concentration during autopsy. Although blood is usually used for alcohol analysis in post-mortem cases, it could suffer alterations, putrefaction, and microbial contaminations. As an alternative to whole blood, vitreous humor has been successfully used in medico-legal studies. In this work, post-mortem specimens were analyzed for ethanol determination. The analysis of blood and vitreous humor were carried-out using gas chromatography-flame ionized detector (GC-FID) with a total run time of 6 min. The method was validated in terms of limit of detection, limit of quantification, dynamic range, sensibility, recovery, precision and trueness. A linear regression analysis indicated a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9981. The study confirmed no statistically differences between alcohol concentration in blood and vitreous humor, leading vitreous humor as an excellent matrix that could be used as an alternative to whole blood in toxicological analysis in cases where blood is not available.

scholarly journals Predictive equation to estimate post-mortem interval using spectrophotometric blood-colour values

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Yosuke Usumoto ◽  
Keiko Kudo ◽  
Akiko Tsuji ◽  
Yoko Ihama ◽  
Noriaki Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Predictive Equation ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Predictive Equations ◽  
Post Mortem Interval ◽  
Lower Root ◽  
Femoral Blood ◽  
Left And Right

Forensic pathologists use post-mortem phenomena to estimate the post-mortem interval (PMI). We have reported on the usefulness of post-mortem lividity spectrophotometric values to estimate PMIs. Here, we focused on blood colour, looking for associations between blood colour, age and PMI. We generated predictive equations for blood-colour values and the PMI. We included data from a total of 129 cadavers (84 males and 45 females). We measured the colour of 124 left ventricular blood ( L*l, a*l, b*l), 123 right ventricular blood ( L*r, a*r, b*r) and 57 femoral blood ( L*f, a*f, b*f) samples. We found no significant associations between blood colour and age or between blood colour and the PMI, but the values of a*l, b*l, a*r and b*r were significantly increased with increased age, and those of L*f, a*f and b*f were significantly decreased with increased PMI. We created equations to estimate blood colour. The equations for femoral blood colour had higher adjusted R2 values and lower root mean square error values than those for left and right ventricular blood colours. We generated equations to estimate PMIs using blood-colour values and autopsy findings. Our estimated PMIs up to 67 hours had accuracies within 8.84 hours, without measuring post-mortem lividity colour or considering the age of the deceased. This is the first study to estimate PMIs based on blood-colour spectrophotometric values.

The Relationship between Blood and Urine Alcohol Concentrations at Autopsy

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Heatley ◽  
J. Crane
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Blood Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Blood Alcohol ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Post Mortem Interval ◽  
Average Ratio ◽  
Simple Ratio ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the blood alcohol concentration and the urine alcohol concentration was studied in 109 routine coroner's autopsies. Although the average ratio for urine alcohol concentration to blood alcohol concentration lay close to the ratio of 4:3 quoted in the literature, the actual ratios determined were widely scattered around this value. Thus the use of this simple ratio to estimate the blood alcohol concentration from the urine alcohol concentration at post-mortem was unreliable. An equation determined by employing linear regression analysis was similarly unhelpful in enabling one to derive a precise value for the blood alcohol concentration from a given urine alcohol concentration. It was concluded that the main value in determining the urine alcohol concentration at autopsy was to exclude the possibility of the alcohol present in the blood sample having been generated during the post-mortem interval.

Differences in femoral blood sampling techniques on total post mortem tryptase

Pathology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. S97
Author(s):  
R. Tse ◽  
J. Garland ◽  
K. Kesha ◽  
H. Elstub ◽  
A.D. Cala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Femoral Blood
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