Advances in research on chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Paecilomyces hepiali

Lavandulae aetheroleum, the oil, was obtained by vapor condensation from the flower of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. or Lavandula intermedia Loisel (Lamiaceae) plant. Other names of Lavandulae aetheroleum oil are Al birri, common or English lavender. The Lavandula angustifolia Mill. or Lavandula intermedia Loisel plant is spreading in the Mediterranean, southern Europe, Bulgaria, Russia, and USA. The Lavandula angustifolia Mill. or Lavandula intermedia Loisel plant, is an odor shrub with 1-2 m in height. The oil is a clear, colorless, or pale yellow. The gas chromatography studies reported the following percentage of the major chemical constituents in the oil: linalyl acetate (25-46%), linalool (20-45%), terpinen-4-ol (1.2-6.0%), lavendulyl acetate (> 1.0%), 1,8-cineole (1,8-cineol, cineol, cineole, eucalyptol) (< 2.5%), 3-octanone (< 2.5%), camphor (< 1.2%), limonene (< 1.0%), and α-terpineol (< 2.0%). Medicinal applications of the oil include the treatment of restlessness, anxiety, cardiovascular disorders, insomnia, and gastrointestinal disorders, burns, diarrhea, headache, sore throats, and wounds. Pharmacological effects include experimental and clinical pharmacology. Experimental pharmacology includes anesthetic, anticonvulsant, sedative, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, antispasmodic, central nervous system depressant effects. Clinical pharmacology includes anxiolytic, analgesic, and cardiovascular effects. The oil dose by inhalation = 0.06-0.2 ml/ 3 times/day while oil dose internally = 1-4 drops approximately 20-80 mg on a sugar cube per day. In conclusion, Lavandulae aetheroleum oil had an anesthetic, anticonvulsant, sedative, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, antispasmodic, central nervous system depressant, anxiolytic, analgesic, and cardiovascular effects.

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Seeing the Unseen of the Combination of Two Natural Resins, Frankincense and Myrrh: Changes in Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24173076 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (17) ◽

pp. 3076 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Bo Cao ◽

Xi-Chuan Wei ◽

Xiao-Rong Xu ◽

Hai-Zhu Zhang ◽

Chuan-Hong Luo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Diseases ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Chemical Components ◽

Pharmacological Effects ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Channel Characteristics ◽

Natural Resins ◽

Ancient Times ◽

Traditional Natural ◽

Natural Drugs

For the treatment of diseases, especially chronic diseases, traditional natural drugs have more effective therapeutic advantages because of their multi-target and multi-channel characteristics. Among many traditional natural medicines, resins frankincense and myrrh have been proven to be effective in the treatment of inflammation and cancer. In the West, frankincense and myrrh have been used as incense in religious and cultural ceremonies since ancient times; in traditional Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine, they are used mainly for the treatment of chronic diseases. The main chemical constituents of frankincense and myrrh are terpenoids and essential oils. Their common pharmacological effects are anti-inflammatory and anticancer. More interestingly, in traditional Chinese medicine, frankincense and myrrh have been combined as drug pairs in the same prescription for thousands of years, and their combination has a better therapeutic effect on diseases than a single drug. After the combination of frankincense and myrrh forms a blend, a series of changes take place in their chemical composition, such as the increase or decrease of the main active ingredients, the disappearance of native chemical components, and the emergence of new chemical components. At the same time, the pharmacological effects of the combination seem magically powerful, such as synergistic anti-inflammation, synergistic anticancer, synergistic analgesic, synergistic antibacterial, synergistic blood-activation, and so on. In this review, we summarize the latest research on the main chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of these two natural resins, along with chemical and pharmacological studies on the combination of the two.

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Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Effects of Genus Patrinia: a Review

Current Pharmacology Reports ◽

10.1007/s40495-020-00240-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 380-414

Author(s):

Lijun Meng ◽

Sitan Chen ◽

Li Zhou ◽

Zhenhua Liu ◽

Shiming Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Constituents ◽

Pharmacological Effects

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CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF LEPIDIUM SATIVUM-A REVIEW

International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.22159/ijcpr.2019v11i6.36338 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

ALI ESMAIL AL-SNAFI

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Sinapic Acid ◽

Lepidium Sativum ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Pharmacological Effects ◽

Bioactive Constituents ◽

Volatile Oils ◽

Current Review

Lepidium sativum contained many bioactive constituents included cardiac glycoside, alkaloids, phenolic, flavonoids, cardiotonic glycosides, coumarins, glucosinolates, carbohydrates, proteins and amino-acids, mucilage, resins, saponins, sterols, tannins, volatile oils, triterpene, sinapic acid and uric acid. The pharmacological investigation revealed that Lepidium sativum possessed antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anticancer, reproductive, gastrointestinal, respiratory, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, cardiovascular, hypolipidemic, diuretic, central nervous, fracture healing and protective effects. The current review discussed the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Lepidium sativum.

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Diuretic Properties and Chemical Constituent Studies onStauntonia brachyanthera

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2015/432419 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xuan Li Liu ◽

Dan Dan Wang ◽

Zi Hao Wang ◽

Da Li Meng

Keyword(s):

Chemical Constituents ◽

Treated Group ◽

Chemical Constituent ◽

Pharmacological Effects ◽

Diuretic Effect ◽

Phenylethanoid Glycosides ◽

Structural Types ◽

Crude Drugs ◽

The Common ◽

Great Possibility

The pharmacological evaluation demonstrated that the extracts from the stem ofS. brachyantheracould significantly increase the outputs of urine of rats compared to those of furosemide treated group, and the effect could last for a longer period of time. The best effect appeared in the first two hours, which scientifically confirmed the diuretic effect of the plant. The comparative pharmacognosy study showed that the characters of the crude drugs of the stem ofS. brachyantherawere similar to those ofAkebia caulis. Further systemic work on its chemical constituents by chromatographic methods and NMR elucidations led to the isolation of 10 triterpenoids, 6 flavonoids, 4 lignanoids, and 3 phenylethanoid glycosides, whose structural types were much similar to those ofA. quinata. Among them, 7 compounds were firstly reported in the genus ofStauntoniaand calceolarioside B was the common characteristic constituent in both plants. From the similar pharmacognosy characters, pharmacological effects, and chemical constituents, it could be concluded thatS. brachyantherahave a great possibility to be a succedaneum ofAkebia caulis, whose supply is extremely short in recent years.

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A Review on the Cosmeceutical and External Applications ofNigella sativa

Journal of Tropical Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/7092514 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Ahmad M. Eid ◽

Nagib A. Elmarzugi ◽

Laila M. Abu Ayyash ◽

Maher N. Sawafta ◽

Hadeel I. Daana

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Wound Healing ◽

Nigella Sativa ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Acne Vulgaris ◽

World Health ◽

Pharmacological Effects ◽

The World ◽

Wound Healing Effect ◽

Health Organization

It is estimated by the World Health Organization (WHO) that most of the world’s population depends on herbal medicine for their health care.Nigella sativa (N. sativa),also known as black-caraway and as “Kalonji,” is a well-known seed all over the world. It is one of the most common medicinal plants worldwide and contains many useful chemical constituents that we can find in its fixed oil, such as thymoquinone, thymohydroquinone, dithymoquinone, thymol, nigellicine, carvacrol, nigellimine, nigellicine, nigellidine, and alpha-hederin. Due to these numerous important ingredients it was found that it affects different areas of our body and has many pharmacological effects as antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing effect and also for acne vulgaris, skin cancer, pigmentation, and many cosmeceutical applications. Based on the folklore usage ofN. sativaseeds and oil, they are used in various systems of food and medicines. The aim of this article is to provide a detailed survey of the literature of cosmeceutical and external applications ofN. sativawhich is expected to stimulate further studies on this subject.

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