Optical study on the spray and combustion of diesel cyclopentanol blend fuels on a constant volume chamber

Bio-butanol, a promising alternative transportation fuel, has its industrial-scale production hindered significantly by high cost component purification process from acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) broth. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of using ABE-Diesel blends with high ABE percentages as an alternative transportation fuel. An optical-accessible constant volume chamber capable of controlling ambient temperature, pressure and oxygen concentration was used to mimic the environmental conditions inside a real diesel engine cylinder. ABE fuel with typical volumetric ratios of 30% acetone, 60% butanol and 10% ethanol were blended with ultra-low sulfur diesel at 80% vol. and were tested in this study. The ambient temperature was set to be at 1100K and 900K, which represents normal combustion conditions and low temperature combustion conditions respectively. The ambient oxygen concentrations were set to be at 21%, 16% and 11%, representing different EGR ratios. The in-cylinder pressure was recorded by using a pressure transducer and the time-resolved Mie-scattering image and natural flame luminosity was captured using a high-speed camera coupled with a copper vapor laser. The results show that the liquid penetration is reduced by the high percentage of ABE in the blends. At the same time, the soot formation is reduced significantly by increasing oxygen content in the ABE fuel. Even more interesting, a soot-free combustion was achieved by combining the low temperature combustion with the higher percentage ABE case. In terms of soot emission, high ABE ratio blends are a very promising alternative fuel to be directly used in diesel engines especially under low-temperature combustion conditions.

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Analysis of Micro-Explosion Phenomenon in a Constant Volume Chamber by Butanol-Biodiesel-Diesel Blend Fuel

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.443-444.996 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 443-444 ◽

pp. 996-1006 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yu Liu ◽

Jun Li ◽

Ying Gao ◽

Xin Mei Yuan

Keyword(s):

Ambient Temperature ◽

High Speed ◽

Fuel Injection ◽

Combustion Process ◽

Constant Volume ◽

Liquid Jet ◽

Penetration Length ◽

Temperature Conditions ◽

Constant Volume Chamber ◽

Jet Penetration

Different blend ratio of ternary component fuel was tested inside a constant volume chamber to investigate fuel injection and combustion under similar real engine working conditions. Because liquid spray light scattering is the different reflective rate from the liquid droplets and its surrounding background, butanol-biodiesel-diesel liquid jet penetration length can be highlighted in the images taken by high speed camera. Various ambient temperatures from 800K to 1200K and fuel composition were investigated. Measured results showed that sudden but repeatable drop of liquid jet penetration length at constant ambient temperature conditions of 800K and 900K. With ambient temperature increasing, this phenomenon became weak and disappeared. So more works focus on non-combusting experiments in order to delete combustion reflect. With butanol and biodiesel content increasing, micro explosion becomes prone excited and more violent because of the enlarged differences in volatilities and boiling point among the components. It is concluded that micro explosion which will distinctly enhances premixed combustion process and heat release rate but it present under certain initial ambient temperature conditions only and the light fuel content shouldn’t be lower than 10%.

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The Effects of Chamber Temperature and Pressure on a GDI Spray Characteristics in a Constant Volume Chamber

Journal of the Korea Society For Power System Engineering ◽

10.9726/kspse.2014.18.6.186 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 186-192

Author(s):

Seun-Sung Oh ◽

Seong-Soo Kim

Keyword(s):

Constant Volume ◽

Spray Characteristics ◽

Constant Volume Chamber ◽

Chamber Temperature ◽

Temperature And Pressure

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Numerical and experimental investigations of the early injection process of Spray G in a constant volume chamber and an optically accessible DISI engine

International Journal of Engine Research ◽

10.1177/14680874211039422 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 146808742110394

Author(s):

Andrea Pati ◽

Davide Paredi ◽

Cooper Welch ◽

Marius Schmidt ◽

Christopher Geschwindner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Direct Injection ◽

Constant Volume ◽

Experimental Investigations ◽

Spark Ignition Engines ◽

Charge Motion ◽

Injection Process ◽

Constant Volume Chamber ◽

Before And After ◽

The Individual ◽

Intake Flow

In this work, the Engine Combustion Network Spray G injector was mounted in the Darmstadt optical-accessible engine to study phenomena typical of multi-hole, early direct-injection events in spark-ignition engines characterized by tumble flow charge motion. Dedicated experimental measurements of both in-cylinder spray morphology and flow velocities before and after the injection process were carried out to assess the adopted numerical setup under real engine conditions. A dynamic secondary breakup model from the literature was coupled with an atomization multi-motion regime model. The model was validated against state-of-the-art ECN Spray G experiments for a constant-volume chamber under low evaporating condition. Then, the simulation of the spray injection in the engine was carried out and the achieved results were compared against the experimental data. Overall, good agreement between experiments and simulations was observed for the spray morphology and velocity fields in both cases. With reference to engine calculations the intake flow was seen to induce spray asymmetry. A partial vortex generated during the intake phase on the tumble plane interacts with the spray, developing into a full vortex which induces an upward flow that stabilizes the spray. The upward flows below the intake valve increase the dilution of the plume outside the tumble plane, which therefore exhibits reduced penetration. Moreover, the intake valves protect from the energetic intake flow the recirculation vortex generated at the tip of the plumes that lie outside the tumble plane. The intake flow helps fuse the vapor fuel clouds of the individual plumes near the injector tip, obtaining a vapor fuel with a shape like that generated by a horseshoe multi-hole injector. Finally, a phenomenological model of the interaction between the multi-hole injector jets and the engine intake flow was introduced to describe the spray evolution in a typical DISI engine.

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