Depression — a common disorder across a broad spectrum of neurological conditions: a cross-sectional nationally representative survey

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 507-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew G.M. Bulloch ◽  
Kirsten M. Fiest ◽  
Jeanne V.A. Williams ◽  
Dina H. Lavorato ◽  
Sandra A. Berzins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Disorder ◽  
Neurological Conditions ◽  
Nationally Representative

scholarly journals Vitamin B12serostatus in Colombian children and adult women: results from a nationally representative survey

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 836-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar F Herrán ◽  
Julia B Ward ◽  
Eduardo Villamor
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multivariable Analyses ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Colombian Women

AbstractObjectiveVitamin B12 deficiency is associated with many adverse health outcomes and is highly prevalent worldwide. The present study assesses the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency and marginal deficiency in Colombian children and women and examines the sociodemographic correlates of serum vitamin B12 concentrations in these groups.DesignCross-sectional, nationally representative survey.SettingColombia.SubjectsChildren <18 years old (n 7243), pregnant women (n 1781), and non-pregnant women 18–49 years old (n 499).ResultsThe overall prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency (serum vitamin B12<148 pmol/l) and marginal deficiency (serum vitamin B12=148–221 pmol/l) was, respectively, 6·6 % (95 % CI 5·2 %, 8·3 %) and 22·5 % (95 % CI 21·1 %, 23·9 %). Pregnant women had the highest prevalence of deficiency (18·9 %; 95 % CI 16·6 %, 21·5 %) compared with non-pregnant adult women (18·5 %; 95 % CI 4·4 %, 53·1 %) and children (2·8 %; 95 % CI 2·3 % %, 3·3 %). In multivariable analyses among children, mean serum vitamin B12 was positively associated with female sex (12 pmol/l higher compared with males; P=0·004), secondary or higher education of the household head (12 pmol/l higher compared with primary or less; P=0·009) and food security (21 pmol/l higher compared with severe food insecurity; P=0·003). In multivariable analyses among pregnant women, mean serum vitamin B12 was positively associated with education of the household head and inversely associated with living in the National territories, Eastern or Pacific regions.ConclusionsThe prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency and marginal deficiency in Colombian women and children is substantial. The burden falls largely on adult women, those with lowest education and those living in the poorest, most rural regions of the country.

scholarly journals Associations between solid fuel use and early child development among 3 to 4 years old children in Bangladesh: Evidence from a nationally representative survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juwel Rana ◽  
Patricia Luna Gutierrez ◽  
Syed Emdadul Haque ◽  
José Ignacio Nazif-Muñoz ◽  
Dipak K. Mitra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Emotional Development ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Fuel Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Nationally Representative

AbstractBackgroundHousehold Air Pollution (HAP) from solid fuel use (SFU) may have impacts on children’s health in low-resources countries. Despite these potential health effects, SFU is still highly prevalent in Bangladesh.ObjectivesThis study was conducted to assess the associations between SFU and early childhood development index (ECDI) among under-five children in Bangladesh and explore the potential effect modification by sex and urbanicity.Materials and methodsThis cross-sectional study used Bangladesh Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2019, a nationally representative survey data collected by UNICEF from all 64 districts in Bangladesh. The ECDI consisted of ten different items across four developmental domains: literacy-numeracy, physical, social-emotional development, and learning skills in the early years of life (36 to 59 months). A total of 9,395 children aged 36 to 59 months were included in this analysis. We used multilevel Poisson regression models with a robust variance where SFU was a proxy indicator for HAP exposure.ResultsChildren exposed to SFU were 1.47 times more likely to be not developmentally on track (95% CI: 1.25, 1.73; <0.001) compared to children with no SFU exposure. Two sub-domains explained these associations, SFU was significantly associated with socio-emotional development (prevalence ratio [PR]: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.36; p=0.035), and learning-cognitive development (PR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.39, 2.60; p<0.001). Associations between SFU and ECDI were not significantly different (p-difference=0.210) between girls (PR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.31, 2.07) and boys (PR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.65). Likewise, urbanicity did not modify the associations between SFU and ECDI outcomes.ConclusionBangladeshi children aged 36-59 months exposed to SFU exhibited delays in childhood development compared to unexposed children. Public health policies should promote a better early life environment for younger children to meet their developmental milestones by reducing the high burden of HAP exposure in low-resource settings where most disadvantaged kids struggle to reach their full developmental potentials.

Estimating the Magnitude of the Relation Between Bullying, E-Bullying, and Suicidal Behaviors Among United States Youth, 2015

Crisis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin S. Kuehn ◽  
Annelise Wagner ◽  
Jennifer Velloza
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Average Causal Effect ◽  
Effects Of Bullying ◽  
Pc Algorithm ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Significant Covariates

Abstract. Background: Suicide is the second leading cause of death among US adolescents aged 12–19 years. Researchers would benefit from a better understanding of the direct effects of bullying and e-bullying on adolescent suicide to inform intervention work. Aims: To explore the direct and indirect effects of bullying and e-bullying on adolescent suicide attempts (SAs) and to estimate the magnitude of these effects controlling for significant covariates. Method: This study uses data from the 2015 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Survey (YRBS), a nationally representative sample of US high school youth. We quantified the association between bullying and the likelihood of SA, after adjusting for covariates (i.e., sexual orientation, obesity, sleep, etc.) identified with the PC algorithm. Results: Bullying and e-bullying were significantly associated with SA in logistic regression analyses. Bullying had an estimated average causal effect (ACE) of 2.46%, while e-bullying had an ACE of 4.16%. Limitations: Data are cross-sectional and temporal precedence is not known. Conclusion: These findings highlight the strong association between bullying, e-bullying, and SA.

Workplace “Digital Culture” and the Uptake of Digital Solutions

2020 ◽  
pp. 368-402
Author(s):  
Simeon J. Yates ◽  
Eleanor Lockley
Keyword(s):  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Digital Culture ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Company Culture ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Uk

This chapter reviews prior work on technology acceptance and then reports on a nationally representative survey of UK employees exploring both employee’s personal experiences of digital technologies at home and work and their evaluations of the effectiveness of the technologies and the “digital culture” in their organization. Presenting the results of 3040 UK workers, it seeks to explore the factors that influence digital roll-outs by focusing on the experiences and perceptions of the UK workforce as a whole, with the expectation that introducing new technology alone isn’t enough. This research explores how “digitally ready” organizations are in the UK in terms of people, processes, and company culture. It concludes that a large proportion of the UK workforce are not seeing the benefits of digital technologies. Importantly, there is a need for organizations to understand that making digital solutions a success is a process of cultural change in their organization.

scholarly journals Examining Recent Trends in the Racial Disparity Gap in Tap Water Consumption: NHANES 2011–2018

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Asher Y. Rosinger ◽  
Anisha I. Patel ◽  
Francesca Weaks
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Water Crisis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Us ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Objective As tap water distrust has grown in the US with greater levels among Black and Hispanic households, we aimed to examine recent trends in not drinking tap water including the period covering the US Flint Water Crisis and racial/ethnic disparities in these trends. Design Cross-sectional analysis. We used log-binomial regressions and marginal predicted probabilities examined US nationally-representative trends in tap and bottled water consumption overall and by race/ethnicity. Setting The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, 2011–2018. Participants Nationally-representative sample of 9,439 children aged 2-19 and 17,268 adults. Results Among US children and adults, respectively, in 2017-2018 there was a 63% (adjusted prevalence ratio [PR]:1.63, 95%CI: 1.25-2.12, p<0.001) and 40% (PR:1.40, 95%CI: 1.16-1.69, p=0.001) higher prevalence of not drinking tap water compared to 2013-2014 (pre-Flint Water Crisis). For Black children and adults, the probability of not drinking tap water increased significantly from 18.1% (95%CI: 13.4-22.8) and 24.6% (95%CI: 20.7-28.4) in 2013–14 to 29.3% (95%CI: 23.5-35.1) and 34.5% (95%CI: 29.4-39.6) in 2017–2018. Among Hispanic children and adults, not drinking tap water increased significantly from 24.5% (95%CI: 19.4-29.6) and 27.1% (95%CI: 23.0-31.2) in 2013-14 to 39.7% (95%CI: 32.7-46.8) and 38.1% (95%CI: 33.0-43.1) in 2017-2018. No significant increases were observed among Asian or white persons between 2013-14 and 2017-18. Similar trends were found in bottled water consumption. Conclusions This study found persistent disparities in the tap water consumption gap from 2011–2018. Black and Hispanics’ probability of not drinking tap water increased following the Flint Water Crisis.

scholarly journals Mortality due to primary brain tumours in China and detection rate in people with suspected symptoms: a nationally representative cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Jiang ◽  
Hongmei Liu ◽  
Dongling Sun ◽  
Haixin Sun ◽  
Xiaojuan Ru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumour ◽  
Brain Tumours ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Primary Brain Tumours ◽  
Symptom Screening ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Background and purpose Epidemiological data on primary brain tumours (PBTs) are lacking due to the difficulty in case ascertainment among the population. Thus, we aimed to estimate mortality due to PBTs in China nationwide and the detection rate in people with suspected symptoms. Methods A multistage, complex sampling survey regarding mortality due to PBTs in Chinese individuals was carried out by reviewing all causes of death within a year. The detection rates in people with suspected symptoms were estimated based on PBT symptom screening and neurologist reviews and compared between groups by logistic regression analysis. Results Weighted mortality due to PBT was 1.6 (0.8–3.3) per 100,000 population in Chinese individuals, 1.8 (0.7–4.6) per 100,000 population in men, and 1.5 (0.5–4.5) per 100,000 population in women. Among 14,990 people with suspected symptoms, the PBT detection rate was 306.9 (95% CI 224.7–409.3) per 100,000 population in the total population, 233.0 (95% CI 135.7–373.1) per 100,000 population in men, and 376.9 (95% CI 252.4–546.3) per 100,000 population in women. People with an unsteady gait (OR 2.46; 95% CI 1.09–5.51; P=0.029), visual anomalies (3.84; 1.88–7.85; P<0.001), and headache (2.06; 1.10–3.86; P=0.023) were more likely to have a brain tumour than those without corresponding symptoms, while people with dizziness/vertigo were less likely to have a brain tumour than those without corresponding symptoms (0.45; 0.23–0.87; P=0.017). Conclusions Mortality due to PBT in China was low, with a nationwide estimate of 21,215 (10,427–43,165) deaths attributable to PBTs annually. However, the detection rate of PBTs can be greatly improved based on symptom screening in the population.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document