In the Aftermath of School Victimization: Links Between Authoritative School Climate and Adolescents’ Perceptions of the Negative Effects of Bullying Victimization

Although authoritative school climate—strict, yet fair enforcement of rules alongside strong adult support—is associated with lower rates of bullying victimization, less is known about whether it influences how negatively adolescents feel after being victimized at school. Further, it is unclear whether boys and girls respond differently to an authoritative climate. Identifying ways that schools can reduce negative feelings after being bullied is important given the long term psychological ramifications of bullying that, if left unaddressed, can extend into adulthood. To address these gaps, this study examined whether authoritative school climate related to how negatively adolescents felt about their schoolwork, relationships, physical health and self-perception after being bullied. Differences between boys and girls were also investigated. Analyses were conducting using national data from the 2017 School Crime Supplement on a sample of 1,331 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years (Mage = 14.3 years; 59% girls). Findings from a set of ordinal regression models with a robust set of student, parent and school controls demonstrated that adolescents in more supportive schools were less likely to report that bullying victimization negatively impacted their schoolwork and feelings about themselves. Similar results were found for girls but not boys. By investing in supportive school climates, schools can be potentially transformative places where adolescents, especially girls, can feel more positively about themselves despite being bullied.

Suicidal Ideations and Behaviors in victims of cyberbullying

Background Involvement in bullying as well as cyberbullying has been identified as a risk factor for depression and anxiety symptom as well as suicide ideation/behavior. Results from community samples suggest that youth who are bullied, are at an elevated risk for suicidal thoughts, attempts, and completed suicides. Statistically both victims of cyberbullying as well as offenders proved to be much more likely to have attempted “bullycide,” the act of committing suicide due to the effects of bullying, than youth who had not been affected. The Aim of this study To determine the correlation between being a cyberbullying victim and suicidal ideation and/or behavior in adults and young adult population. Patients and Methods This is a cross-sectional, analytical study that includes 408 subjects of both genders of online social-media above the age of 18. All subjects have been screened using GHQ28 for the exclusion of mental illness at the time of study. Then subjects completed Cyberbullying Self Rated Questionnaire (CBQ) and Suicide Probability Scale (SPS) both in Arabic. Results suicidal probability was found to be increased proportionately in a statistically significant way with the degree of exposure to cyberbullying. Conclusion There is a significant increase in suicidal ideations/behaviors among cyberbullying victims whom have been exposed to higher levels of cyberbullying, even in the absence of major psychiatric disorders.

The Relationship between the Long-Time Undergoing Hemodialysis with Self Concept in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Stadium III Patients

Background: Adolescents face the problem of bullying, they need social support from those around them to have confidence in their abilities. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and social support with bullying in adolescents at Junior High School 2 Sepatan, Tangerang Regency. Methods: The research design is cross-sectional using the spearman correlation test to analyze the relationship between variables. The sampling technique was simple random sampling with 127 respondents. The instrument uses a self-efficacy questionnaire, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and The revised Olweus Bully or Victim Questionnaire. Results: There is a significant relationship between self-efficacy and bullying (p-value 0.031) and there is a significant relationship between social support and bullying (p-value 0.001). Conclusion: There is a relationship between self-efficacy and social support for victims of bullying in adolescents. This study is also useful for parents that teenagers need support in getting through the effects of bullying.

Correlation between the victim personality type and specificity of the impact of bullying

From the psychological-social perspective, the problem of bullying is relevant and significant. The article provides the opinions of different authors on the problem of bullying, its types, and peculiarities of manifestation. Special attention is given to the attitudes of the parties to bullying - aggressor and victim – viewed in their close interrelation . Special emphasis is placed on position of a victim. Based on victimological approach, a hypothesis is put forward on the significance of the victim personality in a situation of bullying, depending on personality type, susceptibility or resistance  of an individual to the effects of bullying. The object of this research is the impact of bullying factors upon victim personality. The subject the correlation between victim personality type and specificity of the impact of bullying. The research employs MMPI typological survey, as well as based on the classification of the impact of bullying forms a questionnaire that includes most relevant for the respondents bullying factors. The use of correlation analysis allowed establishing both positive and negative correlations between the personality type and specificity of the impact of bullying (bullying factor). Such research indicate the specific susceptibility/resistance to certain manifestations of bullying, characteristic to a number of personality types (hysteroid, excitable, epileptoid, psychasthenic, schizoid). The acquired results contribute to the organization of targeted psychological that would help a person to overcome difficulties in a situation of bullying.

Exploring the Effects of Bullying on Primary School Pupils in South Africa

This study investigated the causes and effects of bullying on primary school pupils in Waterval village in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Qualitative method with purposive sampling was used as a subtype of non-probability sampling. Data were analysed using thematic content analysis which identifies and summarises message contents from respondents. Participants in the study were parents, teachers, community members and the pupils with the permission from their School Governing Board (SGB). The study found that it was difficult to know about cases of bullying at school as many of them were not reported. It was revealed that bullying affects school pupils’ performance and concentration in class as many of them are traumatised. The study recommends that creation of awareness and providing a conducive environment for recreational activities at schools and community, while encouraging and rewarding well-behaved pupils at schools and in the community will curb the menace of bullying at schools.

A systematic literature review on the effects of bullying at school

Bullying is a severe problem that is experienced, especially in schools. Children belong to the same social group, but some feel powerful than others and therefore take advantage of them to physically or verbally abuse them. Many institutions are aware, but most cases are not handled because most victims do not report. Therefore, only physical bullying is addressed as the impacts can be easily seen by adults. Various articles were analyzed to illustrate the different effects of bullying on the bully, the victim, and those around. The results demonstrate that bullying results in emotional, physical, and health effects and affects a victim's academic performance.

The Application of Quality of Life Therapy via Teletherapy during COVID-19 to Reduce Depression in Early Adulthood (When caused by bullying during adolescence)

One of the effects of bullying in adolescence is the emerging of depression tendency in early adulthood even when the bullying has stopped. This long-term impact can require psychological therapy. One of the psychological therapies that helps to reduce depression tendencies is Quality-of-Life-Therapy (QOLT). QOLT could increase happiness and overall quality of life by increasing satisfaction in several areas from 16 specific areas of life through the 5 stages of CASIO. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of QOLT on the depression tendencies in early adulthood victims of adolescent bullying. The research design used in this study was a single case experimental design with ABA pattern. The instrument used in this study was the 21-items Beck Depression Inventory. There were two subjects in this study, each with a high level of depression tendency based on the BDI score. The QOLT was conducted online for 8 sessions and administered by a psychologist. In addition, the QOLT module guide was used as a reference for implementing the therapy that has been validated by expert. The data were subjected to visual and descriptive analysis and the results show the decrease of depression tendency. Keywords: depression tendency, quality of life therapy, bullying victims, early adulthood, pandemic covid-19