Evaluation of creep behavior of high density polyethylene and polyethylene-terephthalate geogrids

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 409-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-S. Yeo ◽  
Y.G. Hsuan
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Creep Behavior ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
High Density

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature on Pyrolysis Oil Using High-Density Polyethylene and Polyethylene Terephthalate Sources From Mobile Pyrolysis Plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruktai Prurapark ◽  
Kittwat Owjaraen ◽  
Bordin Saengphrom ◽  
Inpitcha Limthongtip ◽  
Nopparat Tongam
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Main Product ◽  
Carbon Number ◽  
High Density ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Boiling Points ◽  
And Performance

This research aims to study the effect of temperature, collecting time, and condensers on properties of pyrolysis oil. The research was done be analyzing viscosity, density, proportion of pyrolysis products and performance of each condenser towers for the pyrolysis of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in the mobile pyrolysis plant. Results showed that the main product of HDPE resin was liquid, and the main product of PET resin was solid. Since the pyrolysis of PET results in mostly solid which blocked up the pipe, the analysis of pyrolysis oil would be from the use of HDPE as a raw material. The pyrolysis of HDPE resin in the amount of 100 kg at 400, 425, and 450°C produced the amount of oil 22.5, 27, and 40.5 L, respectively. The study found that 450°C was the temperature that gives the highest amount of pyrolysis oil in the experiment. The viscosity was in the range of 3.287–4.850 cSt. The density was in the range of 0.668–0.740 kg/L. The viscosity and density were increased according to three factors: high pyrolysis temperature, number of condensers and longer sampling time. From the distillation at temperatures below 65, 65–170, 170–250, and above 250°C, all refined products in each temperature range had the carbon number according to their boiling points. The distillation of pyrolysis oil in this experiment provided high amount of kerosene, followed by gasoline and diesel.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN KUAT TEKAN BATA PLASTIK BERJENIS POLYPROPYLENE (PP) POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE (PET) DAN HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (HDPE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 019
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ridho Reksi ◽  
Dian Rahayu Jati ◽  
Yulisa Fitrianingsih
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
High Density ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Purchase Price ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Markup Pricing

AbstractPlastic waste needs attention because it can cause serious problems if not managed properly. Of the various types of plastics, the most widely disposed of to the environment are Polypropylene, Polyethylene Terephthalate, and High-Density Polyethylene which are usually in the form of plastic bags and bottles. This research was conducted to make bricks made of plastic as an alternative material for infrastructure that is economical, strong, and durable, which is seen based on the compressive strength value based on its type, namely PP, PET, and HDPE plastic bricks. The compressive strength testing phase is carried out three times in each type. The selling price of plastic bricks is determined by the Markup pricing method. The process of plastic brick making includes collecting plastic waste, washing, drying, chopping, melting, and printing. Based on the research results, the plastic bricks produced from the types of PET, HDPE, and PP are in the form of blocks with a size of 19 cm x 10 cm x 6.5 cm, where the PET type brick requires 5.1 kg of waste, 3.6 kg of HDPE type, and the type of PP as much as 3 kg. The compressive strength test values for PP, PET, and HDPE plastic bricks have met the compressive strength standards based on SNI 15-2094-2000, with the highest average compressive strength test values found in PP plastic bricks of 246 kg/cm², plastic bricks HDPE type 166 kg/cm², and plastic brick type PET 98.7 kg/cm². The selling price of plastic bricks without including the purchase price of plastic as raw material for making plastic bricks (Scenario I) for PP plastic bricks costs Rp1.907,00/brick, PET types Rp3.024,00/brick, and HDPE types Rp3.464,00/brick. While the selling price of plastic bricks by entering the purchase price of plastic as raw material for making plastic bricks (Scenario II) for PP plastic bricks Rp2.867,00/brick, PET type Rp4.624,00/brick, and HDPE type Rp3.944,00/brick.Keywords: Compressive Strength, Markup Pricing, Plastic Brick. AbstrakSampah plastik perlu mendapatkan perhatian karena menimbulkan masalah yang serius jika tidak dikelola dengan baik. Dari berbagai jenis plastik, yang paling banyak dibuang ke lingkungan adalah jenis Polypropylene, Polyethylene Terephthalate, dan High Density Polyethylene yang biasanya dalam bentuk kantong dan botol plastik. Penelitian ini dilakukan guna membuat bata berbahan plastik sebagai bahan alternatif infrastruktur yang bersifat ekonomis, kuat dan tahan lama yang dilihat berdasarkan nilai kuat tekan berdasarkan jenisnya, yaitu bata plastik jenis PP, PET, dan HDPE. Tahap pengujian kuat tekan dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali pengulangan di setiap jenisnya. Harga jual bata plastik ditentukan dengan metode Markup pricing. Proses pembuatan bata plastik yaitu pengumpulan sampah plastik, pencucian, penjemuran, pencacahan, pelelehan, dan pencetakan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, bata plastik yang dihasilkan dari jenis PET, HDPE, dan PP berbentuk balok dengan ukuran 19 cm x 10 cm x 6,5 cm, dimana bata jenis PET memerlukan sampah sebanyak 5,1 kg, jenis HDPE sebanyak 3,6 kg, dan  jenis PP sebanyak 3 kg. Nilai uji kuat tekan pada bata plastik jenis PP, PET, dan HDPE telah memenuhi standar kuat tekan berdasarkan SNI 15-2094-2000, dengan nilai uji kuat tekan rata-rata tertinggi terdapat pada bata plastik jenis PP sebesar 246 kg/cm², bata plastik jenis HDPE 166 kg/cm², dan bata plastik jenis PET 98,7 kg/cm². Harga jual bata plastik tanpa memasukkan harga beli plastik sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bata plastik (Skenario I) pada bata plastik jenis PP seharga Rp1.907,00/bata, jenis PET Rp3.024,00/bata, dan jenis HDPE Rp3.464,00/bata. Sedangkan harga jual bata plastik dengan memasukkan harga beli plastik sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bata plastik (Skenario II) pada bata plastik jenis PP Rp2.867,00/bata, jenis PET Rp4.624,00/bata, dan jenis HDPE Rp3.944,00/bata.Kata Kunci: Bata Plastik, Kuat Tekan, Markup Pricing.

Treatment of High-Density Polyethylene and Polyethylene Terephthalate in Sub- and Supercritical Freons

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1294-1297 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Yu. Zalepugin ◽  
N. A. Tilkunova ◽  
I. V. Chernyshova ◽  
M. I. Vlasov
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
High Density

scholarly journals Flexural Creep Behavior of High-Density Polyethylene Lumber and Wood Plastic Composite Lumber Made from Thermally Modified Wood

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murtada Abass A. Alrubaie ◽  
Roberto A. Lopez-Anido ◽  
Douglas J. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Creep Behavior ◽  
Creep Deformation ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Creep Compliance ◽  
High Density ◽  
Wood Plastic Composite ◽  
Creep Stress ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
Thermally Modified Wood ◽  
Modified Wood

The use of wood plastic composite lumber as a structural member material in marine applications is challenging due to the tendency of wood plastic composites (WPCs) to creep and absorb water. A novel patent-pending WPC formulation that combines a thermally modified wood flour (as a cellulosic material) and a high strength styrenic copolymer (high impact polystyrene and styrene maleic anhydride) have been developed with advantageous viscoelastic properties (low initial creep compliance and creep rate) compared with the conventional WPCs. In this study, the creep behavior of the WPC and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) lumber in flexure was characterized and compared. Three sample groupings of WPC and HDPE lumber were subjected to three levels of creep stress; 7.5, 15, and 30% of the ultimate flexural strength (Fb) for a duration of 180 days. Because of the relatively low initial creep compliance of the WPC specimens (five times less) compared with the initial creep compliance of HDPE specimens, the creep deformation of HDPE specimens was six times higher than the creep deformation of WPC specimens at the 30% creep stress level. A Power Law model predicted that the strain (3%) to failure in the HDPE lumber would occur in 1.5 years at 30% Fb flexural stress while the predicted strain (1%) failure for the WPC lumber would occur in 150 years. The findings of this study suggest using the WPC lumber in structural application to replace the HDPE lumber in flexure attributable to the low time-dependent deformation when the applied stress value is withing the linear region of the stress-strain relationship.

Effect of waste polyethylene terephthalate content on the durability and mechanical properties of composites with tire rubber matrix

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Cosnita ◽  
Cristina Cazan ◽  
Anca Duta
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
High Density ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Waste Polyethylene ◽  
Prior Application

The paper investigates new composites fully based on wastes of polyethylene terephthalate, rubber, high-density polyethylene, and wood, aiming at multifunctional, environmental-friendly materials, for indoor and outdoor applications. The rubber: polyethylene terephthalate: high-density polyethylene: wood ratio and compression molding temperatures are optimized considering the output mechanical properties, focusing on increasing the waste polyethylene terephthalate content. To investigate the durability in the working conditions, the water-stable composites, with good tensile and compression strengths were exposed to surfactant systems, saline aerosols, and ultraviolet radiations. The results prove that surfactant immersion improves the interfaces and the mechanical properties and a pre-conditioning step involving the dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide surfactant is recommended, prior application. The interfaces and the bulk composites were investigated by X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared, differential scanning calorimetry, contact angle measurements, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, to identify the properties that influence the mechanical behavior and durability. The composites containing 30% of polyethylene terephthalate, obtained at 160℃ and 190℃ have a good combination of mechanical properties and durability that is enhanced by the plasticizing effect of water and surfactants. The compressive strength of the composite processed at 190℃ was 51.2 MPa and the value increased to 58.4 MPa after water immersion. The ultraviolet and saline exposure slightly diminished this effect; however, long time testing (120 h) ended up with values higher than those corresponding to the pristine composite: 55.3 MPa after ultraviolet and 57.1 MPa after saline exposure.

scholarly journals Life-Cycle Assessment of Recycling Postconsumer High-Density Polyethylene and Polyethylene Terephthalate

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Khaled M. Bataineh
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
High Density ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
System Expansion ◽  
Allocation Methods

This study aims to quantify the overall environmental performances of mechanical recycling of the postconsumer high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in Jordan. The life-cycle assessment (LCA) methodology is used to assess the potential environmental impacts of recycling postconsumer PET and HDPE. It quantifies the total energy requirements, energy sources, atmospheric pollutants, waterborne pollutants, and solid waste resulting from the production of recycled PET and HDPE resin from the postconsumer plastic. System expansion and cut-off recycling allocation methods are applied. The analysis has been carried out according to the LCA standard, series UNI EN ISO 14040-14044:2006. A standard unit of output (functional unit) is defined as “one ton of PET flake” and “one ton of HDPE pellet.” The results of the production of virgin resin are compared with the “cut-off” and “system expansion” recycling results. Depending on the allocation methods applied, a nonrenewable energy saving of 40–85% and greenhouse gas emission saving of 25–75% can be achieved. Based on two allocation methods, PET and HDPE recycling offers important environmental benefits over single-use virgin PET and HDPE. LCA offers a powerful tool for assisting companies and policy-makers in the waste plastic industry. Furthermore, the “system expansion” recycling method is not easy to apply because it requires detailed data outside of the life cycle of the investigated product.

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