scholarly journals HPLC characterization, acute and sub-acute toxicity evaluation of bark extract of Rhizophora mucronata in Swiss Albino mice

Heliyon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e03108
Author(s):  
Jairaman Chitra ◽  
Syed Ali Mohamed Yacoob ◽  
Sivanesan Senthil Kumar ◽  
Anuradha Venkataraman ◽  
Rajagopalan Vijayaraghavan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Rhizophora Mucronata ◽  
Toxicity Evaluation ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Albino Mice

scholarly journals In vivo antiplasmodial properties of fractions and flavonoids of Pseudarthria hooheri Wight & Arn. (Fabaceae)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Tchamgoue ◽  
Amelework N. Eyado ◽  
Boniface P. Kamdem Kamdem ◽  
Yvan Anderson T. Ngandjui Ngandjui ◽  
Jean Claude Tchouankeu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Malaria Treatment ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Treatment Situation ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Etoac Fraction ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Main Components

Malaria is regarded as one of the most lethal diseases. Resistance to artemisinin and its derivatives jeopardises effective malaria treatment. Finding novel antimalarial chemicals is critical given the existing treatment situation. This work aimed to examine the antiplasmodial capabilities of <i>Pseudarthria hookeri</i> fractions and flavonoids in vivo. The fractions and compounds antiplasmodial activity were evaluated on male Swiss albino mice infected with <i>Plasmodium berghei</i>, and on healthy female Swiss albino mice, the crude extract's acute toxicity was assessed. The EtOAc fraction had significant antiplasmodial activity (32.53 percent suppression at 500 mg/kg BW) and considerably prolonged the survival period of infected mice (9.8 days) compared to control mice (7.8 days). Parasitaemia was dramatically reduced (85.01, 59.41, and 70.39 percent), and the mean survival time extended (11.33, 10.00, and 9.33 days) with 15, 20 and 35 mg/kg of quercetin (<b>1</b>), 7-O-benzyl-6-prenylpinocembrin (<b>6</b>) and 6,8-diprenyleriodictyol (<b>11</b>) (isolates of the EtOAc fraction), respectively. BW loss and PCV reduction were also averted. Moreover, at 2500 mg/kg, the crude extract of <i>P. hookeri</i> showed no acute toxicity in mice. LC-MS analysis of the EtOAc fraction enabled the identification of nine flavonoids, with <b>8</b> and <b>11</b> being the main components. The present investigation confirmed <i>P. hookeri</i>'s antiplasmodial action, substantiating its ethnomedicinal application for malaria treatment.

scholarly journals Ficus hispida Bark Extract Prevents Nociception, Inflammation, and CNS Stimulation in Experimental Animal Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Sariful Islam Howlader ◽  
Md. Afjalus Siraj ◽  
Shubhra Kanti Dey ◽  
Arpona Hira ◽  
Arif Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Animal ◽  
Antinociceptive Activity ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Thermal Stimulus ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Tail Immersion ◽  
Ficus Hispida ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background. Ficus hispida is traditionally used in the ailment of pain, inflammation, and neurological disorders. The present study set out to evaluate the in vivo antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and sedative activity of the ethanol extract of Ficus hispida bark (EFHB). Methods. The antinociceptive activity of EFHB was evaluated by using acetic acid induced writhing, formalin, hot plate, and tail immersion methods in Swiss albino mice. Its anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by using carrageenan and histamine induced rat paw oedema test in Wister rats. The central stimulating activity was studied by using pentobarbital induced hypnosis, hole cross, and open field tests in Swiss albino mice. Results. EFHB demonstrated antinociceptive activity both centrally and peripherally. It showed 62.24% of writhing inhibition. It significantly inhibited licking responses in early (59.29%) and late phase (71.61%). It increased the reaction time to the thermal stimulus in both hot plate and tail immersion. It inhibited the inflammation to the extent of 59.49%. A substantial increase in duration of sleep up to 60.80 min and decrease of locomotion up to 21.70 at 400 mg/kg were also observed. Conclusion. We found significant dose dependent antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and sedative properties of EFHB in experimental animal models.

In vivo protection studies of bis-quaternary 2-(hydroxyimino)-N-(pyridin-3-yl) acetamide derivatives (HNK oximes) against tabun and soman poisoning in Swiss albino mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 1270-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Kumar ◽  
D Swami ◽  
DP Nagar ◽  
KP Singh ◽  
J Acharya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Ache Activity ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Brain Ache Activity ◽  
Protection Index

The study reports antidotal efficacy of three HNK [ bis quaternary 2-(hydroxyimino)-N-(pyridin-3yl) acetamide derivatives] and pralidoxime (2-PAM), against soman and tabun poisoning in Swiss albino mice. Protection index (PI) was determined (treatment doses: HNK oximes, ×0.20 of their median lethal dose (LD50) and 2-PAM, 30 mg/kg, intramuscularly (im)) together with atropine (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). Probit log doses with difference of 0.301 log of LD50 of the nerve agents administered and inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity by 50% (IC50) was calculated at optimized time in brain and serum. Using various doses of tabun and soman (subcutaneously (sc)), in multiples of their IC50, AChE reactivation ability of the oximes was studied. Besides, acute toxicity (0.8× LD50, im, 24 h postexposure) of HNK-102 and 2-PAM was also compared by determining biochemical, hematological variables and making histopathological observations. Protection offered by HNK-102 against tabun poisoning was found to be four times higher compared to 2-PAM. However, nearly equal protection was noted with all the four oximes against soman poisoning. HNK-102 reactivated brain AChE activity by 1.5 times more than 2-PAM at IC50 dose of soman and tabun. Acute toxicity studies of HNK-102 and 2-PAM showed sporadic changes in urea, uric acid, aspartate aminotransferase, and so on compared to control group, however, not supported by histopathological investigations. The present investigation showed superiority of newly synthesized HNK-102 oxime over standard 2-PAM, as a better antidote, against acute poisoning of tabun (4.00 times) and soman (1.04 times), in Swiss albino mice.

scholarly journals The Sub Acute Toxicity Evaluation of <i>Stereospermum kunthianum</i> Aqueous Methanolic Stem Bark Extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 09 (12) ◽  
pp. 71-86
Author(s):  
Maxwell Osaronowen Egua ◽  
Ode Julius Okwoche ◽  
Florence Chimezie Nwinyi ◽  
Onakpa Michael Monday ◽  
Akande Motunrayo Ganiyat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Toxicity Evaluation ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

scholarly journals Preliminary acute toxicity study on imidacloprid in Swiss albino mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 955-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preeti Bagri ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Anil Kumar Sikka ◽  
Joginder Singh Punia
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Albino Mice

Membrane stabilizing, thrombolytic, analgesic, anti-diarrheal and CNS activities of Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-109
Author(s):  
Ridwan Islam ◽  
Md. Al Amin Sikder ◽  
Rafeeq Alam Khan ◽  
Mansoor Ahmed ◽  
Mohammad A. Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Tail Flick Latency ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Polyalthia Longifolia ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

Different fractions of Polialthia longifolia (Sonn.) bark were evaluated for membrane stabilizing, thrombolytic, analgesic, anti-diarrheal and CNS de-pressant activities upon oral administration at 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight. The membrane stabilizing activity was assessed by heat and hypo-tonic solution. Carbon tetrachloride fraction of methanol extract of P. longi-folia bark demonstrated strong membrane stabilizing activity, while the crude methanol extract demonstrated mild to moderate thrombolytic activi-ty in human blood specimen. The analgesic activity was assessed by tail im-mersion and formalin-induced pain method in Swiss-albino mice. The crude methanol extract of P. longifolia bark exhibited significant peripheral and central analgesic activity, since inhibited chemical induced writhing at 200 mg/kg and increased tail flick latency time both at 200 and 400 mg/kg. The anti-diarrheal activity of the bark extract was assessed by using castor oil induced diarrhea in mice however significant anti-diarrheal activity was not revealed. The CNS inhibitory activity of the methanol extract was assessed in Swiss albino mice where it reduced phenobarbitone sodium induced sleep-ing time at 400 mg/kg.

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