α-Glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities of medicinal plants in Thai antidiabetic recipes and bioactive compounds from Vitex glabrata R. Br. stem bark

Medicinal plants constitute the major bioactive compounds of most indigenous medicines and a large number of medicinal preparations which contain one or more ingredients of plant origin. The worldwide enthusiasm for the study and practice on herbs has in this manner, significantly expanded during the most recent two decades due to developing mindfulness about the quality and symptoms of manufactured medications, their impediments in numerous zones of treatment, nearly significant expense and regularly tranquilize past the range of normal man. For thousands of years people have utilized herbs for health care. The herbal products today symbolize safety in contrast to the synthetics that are regarded as unsafe to human and environment. Pharmacognostical studies help in the identification and authentication of the plant compounds isolated from various parts of plants. Stem bark of Artabotrys odoratissimus were studied by macroscopical, microscopical, physicochemical, phytochemical, fluorescence analysis of powder and other methods for standardization recommended by WHO. The pharmacognostic characters investigated, will help in identification of the crude drug; the standardization parameters set down will guarantee the viability of medication and furthermore recognize the medication from its adulterants. The particular characters will moreover be valuable for the arrangement of monograph of this plant.

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Isolation and Characterization of Sesquiterpenes from Stem Bark of Warburgia ugandensis Sprague

Biology Medicine & Natural Product Chemistry ◽

10.14421/biomedich.2020.91.39-46 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 39-46

Author(s):

Teshome Gonfa Hordofa

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Plant Species ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Common Cold ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Spectroscopic Methods ◽

Insufficient Information ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Reported Data

Warburgia ugandensis Sprague is one of the medicinal plants traditionally used to treat a number of diseases like asthma, cough, diarrhea, common cold, stomachache and toothache in Ethiopia. However, there is still insufficient information on the isolation and evaluation of bioactive compounds from this plant species. Extraction, purification and isolation of the stem bark of this plant by dichloromethane and chloroform as solvents afforded two sesquiterpenes; namely, WU-1 (ugandensidial) and WU-2 (cinnamolide-3β-acetate) respectively. The structural elucidations of these bioactive compounds were accomplished by using a variety of spectroscopic methods (IR, UV and NMR). The spectroscopic results compared with the reported data in the literature.

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Isolation of bioactive compounds from medicinal plants used in traditional medicine: Rautandiol B, a potential lead compound against Plasmodium falciparum

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies ◽

10.1186/s12906-021-03406-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Christiana J. Dawurung ◽

Minh T. H. Nguyen ◽

Jutharat Pengon ◽

Kanchana Dokladda ◽

Ratchanu Bunyong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plasmodium Falciparum ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

In Vitro Models ◽

Lead Compound ◽

Crude Extracts ◽

Inhibitory Activities ◽

Phytochemical Components

Abstract Background Neorautanenia mitis, Hydnora abyssinica, and Senna surattensis are medicinal plants with a variety of traditional uses. In this study, we sought to isolate the bioactive compounds responsible for some of these activities, and to uncover their other potential medicinal properties. Methods The DCM and ethanol extracts of the roots of N. mitis and H. abyssinica, and the leaves of S. surattensis were prepared and their phytochemical components were isolated and purified using chromatographic methods. These extracts and their pure phytochemical components were evaluated in in-vitro models for their inhibitory activities against Plasmodium falciparum, Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, α-amylase (AA), and α-glucosidase (AG). Results Rautandiol B had significant inhibitory activities against two strains of Plasmodium falciparum showing a high safety ratio (SR) and IC50 values of 0.40 ± 0.07 μM (SR - 108) and 0.74 ± 0.29 μM (SR - 133) against TM4/8.2 and K1CB1, respectively. While (−)-2-isopentenyl-3-hydroxy-8-9-methylenedioxypterocarpan showed the highest inhibitory activity against T. brucei rhodesiense with an IC50 value of 4.87 ± 0.49 μM (SR > 5.83). All crude extracts showed inhibitory activities against AA and AG, with three of the most active phytochemical components; rautandiol A, catechin, and dolineon, having only modest activities against AG with IC50 values of 0.28 mM, 0.36 mM and 0.66 mM, respectively. Conclusion These studies have led to the identification of lead compounds with potential for future drug development, including Rautandiol B, as a potential lead compound against Plasmodium falciparum. The relatively higher inhibitory activities of the crude extracts against AG and AA over their isolated components could be due to the synergistic effects between their phytochemical components. These crude extracts could potentially serve as alternative inhibitors of AG and AA and as therapeutics for diabetes.

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Inhibitory activities of selected Sudanese medicinal plants on Porphyromonas gingivalis and matrix metalloproteinase-9 and isolation of bioactive compounds from Combretum hartmannianum (Schweinf) bark

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12906-017-1735-y ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ebtihal Abdalla M. Mohieldin ◽

Ali Mahmoud Muddathir ◽

Tohru Mitsunaga

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽

Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ◽

Inhibitory Activities ◽

Sudanese Medicinal Plants ◽

Metalloproteinase 9

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Extraction of Essential Oils from Medicinal Plants and their Utilization as Food Antioxidants

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612826666200121092018 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (5) ◽

pp. 519-541 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Giovanna Ferrentino ◽

Ksenia Morozova ◽

Christine Horn ◽

Matteo Scampicchio

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Beneficial Effect ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Food Products ◽

Human Diseases ◽

Present Review ◽

Green Technologies

Background: The use of essential oils is receiving increasing attention worldwide, as these oils are good sources of several bioactive compounds. Nowadays essential oils are preferred over synthetic preservatives thanks to their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Several studies highlight the beneficial effect of essential oils extracted from medicinal plants to cure human diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, or obesity. However, to preserve their bioactivity, the use of appropriate extraction technologies is required. Method: The present review aims to describe the studies published so far on the essential oils focusing on their sources and chemical composition, the technologies used for their recovery and their application as antioxidants in food products. Results: The review has been structured in three parts. In the first part, the main compounds present in essential oils extracted from medicinal plants have been listed and described. In the second part, the most important technologies used for extraction and distillation, have been presented. In detail, conventional methods have been described and compared with innovative and green technologies. Finally, in the last part, the studies related to the application of essential oils as antioxidants in food products have been reviewed and the main findings discussed in detail. Conclusions: In summary, an overview of the aforementioned subjects is presented by discussing the results of the most recent published studies.

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Medicinal Plants and Bioactive Compounds for Diabetes Management: Important Advances for Drug Discovery

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612826666200928160357 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

Author(s):

Kondeti Ramudu Shanmugam ◽

Bhasha Shanmugam ◽

Gangigunta Venkatasubbaiah ◽

Sahukari Ravi ◽

Kesireddy Sathyavelu Reddy

Keyword(s):

Herbal Medicine ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Diabetes Management ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Major Public Health Problem

Background : Diabetes is a major public health problem in the world. It affects each and every part of the human body and also leads to organ failure. Hence, great progress made in the field of herbal medicine and diabetic research. Objectives: Our review will focus on the effect of bioactive compounds of medicinal plants which are used to treat diabetes in India and other countries. Methods: Information regarding diabetes, oxidative stress, medicinal plants and bioactive compounds were collected from different search engines like Science direct, Springer, Wiley online library, Taylor and francis, Bentham Science, Pubmed and Google scholar. Data was analyzed and summarized in the review. Results and Conclusion: Anti-diabetic drugs that are in use have many side effects on vital organs like heart, liver, kidney and brain. There is an urgent need for alternative medicine to treat diabetes and their disorders. In India and other countries herbal medicine was used to treat diabetes. Many herbal plants have antidiabetic effects. The plants like ginger, phyllanthus, curcumin, aswagandha, aloe, hibiscus and curcuma showed significant anti-hyperglycemic activities in experimental models and humans. The bioactive compounds like Allicin, azadirachtin, cajanin, curcumin, querceitin, gingerol possesses anti-diabetic, antioxidant and other pharmacological properties. This review focuses on the role of bioactive compounds of medicinal plants in prevention and management of diabetes. Conclusion: Moreover, our review suggests that bioactive compounds have the potential therapeutic potential against diabetes. However, further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to validate these findings.

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