Evaluation of REG4 for early diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer

The prognosis of gastric cancer depends principally upon an early diagnosis. An early and accurate diagnosis of gastric cancer needs some basic knowledges about the endoscopic characteristics of white light endoscopy, chromoendoscopy, magnified endoscopy, FICE and NBI…A strategy of screening is also a key factor for early diagnosis. The treatment of early gastric cancer by endoscopy techniques have showed more and more advantages. Beside of EMR, the technique of ESD is now applied more widely and lead to a very good prognosis and nearly a curative treatment for the patients with early gastric cancer. Key words: gastric cancer, early gastric cancer, diagnosis, endoscopy

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Protein biomarkers in breast cancer-derived extracellular vesicles for use in liquid biopsies

AJP Cell Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpcell.00048.2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Dan Li ◽

Wenjia Lai ◽

Di Fan ◽

Qiaojun Fang

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Early Diagnosis ◽

Extracellular Vesicles ◽

Liquid Biopsy ◽

Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽

Extracellular Vesicle ◽

Detection Methods ◽

Protein Markers ◽

Liquid Biopsies ◽

Diagnosis And Prognosis

Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease in women worldwide. Early diagnosis and treatment can greatly improve the management of breast cancer. Liquid biopsies are becoming convenient detection methods for diagnosing and monitoring breast cancer due to their non-invasiveness and ability to provide real-time feedback. A range of liquid biopsy markers, including circulating tumor proteins, circulating tumor cells, and circulating tumor nucleic acids, have been implemented for breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis, with each having its own advantages and limitations. Circulating extracellular vesicles are messengers of intercellular communication that are packed with information from mother cells and are found in a wide variety of bodily fluids; thus, they are emerging as ideal candidates for liquid biopsy biomarkers. In this review, we summarize extracellular vesicle protein markers that can be potentially used for the early diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer or determining its specific subtypes.

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Ratiometric fluorescence analysis for miR-141 detection with hairpin DNA-templated silver nanoclusters

Journal of Materials Chemistry C ◽

10.1039/d1tc04488e ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Meiqing Liu ◽

Ren Shen ◽

Haoran Li ◽

Yanwei Jia ◽

Pui-In Mak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Diagnosis ◽

Fluorescence Analysis ◽

Silver Nanoclusters ◽

Ratiometric Fluorescence ◽

Hairpin Dna ◽

Robust Detection ◽

Diagnosis And Prognosis

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important biomarkers for diseases diagnosis and prognosis. Accurate and robust detection of miRNAs greatly facilitates the early diagnosis and progress assessment of certain cancers. The current miRNAs...

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Application values of miR-194 and miR-29 in the diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine ◽

10.3892/etm.2018.5931 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xin Zhao ◽

Yunxia Hou ◽

Zhongzhen Tuo ◽

Fangmeng Wei

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Diagnosis And Prognosis

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Sharing With Patients the Uncertainties Regarding the Management of Dyspepsia

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2021.681587 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Jochanan Benbassat

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Patient Satisfaction ◽

High Risk ◽

Life Expectancy ◽

Early Diagnosis ◽

Cancer Detection ◽

Symptom Relief ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Detection Rates ◽

Test And Treat

Background: The management of patients with dyspepsia is uncertain. Some authors advocate endoscopy for all; others restrict endoscopy only to patients at high risk of gastric cancer, namely to those above an age threshold, or with a family history, dysphagia, loss of weight, anemia, or a childhood in Asian countries. Still others recommend various combinations between test-and-treat for Helicobacter pylori, anti-secretory treatment, and/or endoscopy.Objective: To highlight the uncertainties in the choice between the various strategies and argue that these uncertainties should be shared with the patient.Method: An overview of reported life expectancy, patient satisfaction, gastric cancer detection rates, symptom relief, and cost effectiveness of the management strategies for dyspepsia.Main Findings: There are no randomized controlled trials of the effect of screening by endoscopy on mortality of patients with gastric cancer. Lower grades of evidence suggest that early diagnosis reduces this mortality. Analyses, which assume a survival benefit of early diagnosis, indicate that mass screening in countries of high incidence gastric cancer (> 10 cases per 100,000) and targeted screening of high-risk persons in countries of low-intermediate incidence (<10 cases per 100,000) is cost-effective at a willingness to pay of $20,000–50,000 per QALY. Prompt endoscopy appears to be best for patient satisfaction and gastric cancer detection, and test-and-treat for H pylori—for symptom relief and avoiding endoscopies.Conclusions: The gain in life expectancy is the main source of uncertainty in the choice between management strategies. This choice should be shared with the patients after explaining uncertainties and eliciting their preferences.

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Inverse correlation between Interleukin-34 and gastric cancer, a potential biomarker for prognosis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-26741/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Qinghua Liu ◽

Ying Zhang ◽

Jiwei Zhang ◽

Kun Tao ◽

Brett D Hambly ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Prognostic Factor ◽

Early Diagnosis ◽

Precision Medicine ◽

Cellular Therapy ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

Independent Prognostic Factor ◽

Cancer Tissue ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Potential Biomarker

Abstract Background Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignancy with high morbidity/mortality, partly due to a lack of reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis. It is important to develop reliable biomarker(s) with specificity, sensitivity and convenience for early diagnosis. The role of tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) and survival of GC patients are controversial. Macrophage colony stimulating factor (MCSF) regulates monocytes/macrophages. Elevated MCSF is correlated with invasion, metastasis and poor survival of tumour patients. IL-34, a ligand of the MCSF receptor, acts as a “twin” to MCSF, demonstrating overlapping and complimentary actions. IL-34 involvement in tumours is controversial, possibly due to the levels of MCSF receptors. While the IL34/MCSF/MCSFR axis is very important for regulating macrophage differentiation, the specific interplay between these cytokines, macrophages and tumour development is unclear.Methods A multi-factorial evaluation could provide more objective utility, particularly for either prediction and/or prognosis of gastric cancer. Precision medicine requires molecular diagnosis to determine the specifically mutant function of tumours, and is becoming popular in the treatment of malignancy. Therefore, elucidating specific molecular signalling pathways in specific cancers facilitates the success of a precision medicine approach. Gastric cancer tissue arrays were generated from stomach samples with TNM stage, invasion depth and the demography of these patients (n = 185). Using immunohistochemistry/histopathology, MCSF, IL-34 and macrophages were determined.Results We found that IL-34 may serve as a predictive biomarker, but not as an independent, prognostic factor in GC; MCSF inversely correlated with survival of GC in TNM III‑IV subtypes. Increased CD68+TAMs were a good prognostic factor in some cases and could be used as an independent prognostic factor in male T3 stage GC.Conclusion Our data support the potency of IL-34, MCSF, TAMs and the combination of IL34/TAMs as novel biological markers for GC, and may provide new insight for both diagnosis and cellular therapy of GC.

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