Development of a cell immobilization technique with polyvinyl alcohol for diesel remediation in seawater

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 397-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pao-Wen Grace Liu ◽  
Dun-Sheng Yang ◽  
Jyun-Yu Tang ◽  
Han-Wei Hsu ◽  
Chih-Hung Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Cell Immobilization ◽  
A Cell

scholarly journals Immobilization of fish chromatophores for use as a micro-biosensor for biological toxins

2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 605-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Mojovic ◽  
Goran Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Cell Immobilization ◽  
Betta Splendens ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Fish Cell ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Microcarrier Bead ◽  
Color Response ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Selection Of

Chromatophores isolated from the Siamese fighting fish, Betta splendens represent a class of living cells that provide a vivid color response to microbial pathogens and environmental toxins. The selection of the most appropriate microcarrier and the development of the optimal technique for the chromatophore immobilization in order to enable directed transport of the sensor cells throughout microchannels of the biosensor, as well to preserve the cell survival and its functionality was studied. Microcarriers derived from glass, polystyrene and gelatin (collagen) were tested as substrates for chromatophore attachement. Gelatin microcarriers were found to be the most suitable, due to high attachment efficiency (95% of attached cells), preservation of the cell viability and enhanced cell sensitivity. The optimum conditions for fish cell immobilization on collagen microcarriers were determined based on the cell-to-microcarrier bead ratio and the pH of the solution. The rate of cell attachment to the gelatin microcarrier followed first-order kinetics. Pretreatment of the gelatin beads with fibronectin, known as a cell attachment-promoting agent, resulted in a 10% higher attachment rate constant (k).

Carbon nanomaterial properties help to enhance xylanase production from recombinant Kluyveromyces lactis through a cell immobilization method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoriya Aruni Abdul Manaf ◽  
Siti Fatimah Zaharah Mohamad Fuzi ◽  
Kheng Oon Low ◽  
Gurumurthy Hegde ◽  
Nor Hasmaliana Abdul Manas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kluyveromyces Lactis ◽  
Cell Immobilization ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterial ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Immobilization Method

Comparative study on polyvinyl alcohol and alginate for cell immobilization in biosorption

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.P. Ting ◽  
G. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Calcium Alginate ◽  
Dilute Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Cell Immobilization ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Lower Mass ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Alginate Matrix ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In this work, we compared the performance of a new method of cell immobilization in a novel matrix for biosorption. Yeast cells were entrapped in a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix, based on an adapted iterative freeze-thaw-freeze process. Spherical and uniform beads were produced, and SEM micrographs confirmed that the cells were uniformly dispersed within the PVA matrix. Further experiments revealed that the use of PVA as the immobilization matrix conferred better mechanical and chemical properties than the commonly used calcium alginate matrix. Experiments also showed that the PVA matrix gave rise to a lower mass transfer resistance than the alginate matrix. Finally, it was established that PVA-yeast biosorbent beads could be regenerated using dilute hydrochloric acid (10mM) and reused for at least five biosorption cycles with virtually no decrease in its bisorption capacity. Different metal/biosorbent in PVA-immobilized systems are currently being investigated.

Polyvinyl alcohol as an immobilization matrix - a case of gold biosorption

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-M. Khoo ◽  
Y.-P. Ting
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Cell Immobilization ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Wide Ph Range ◽  
Freundlich Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Alginate Gels ◽  
Freely Suspended ◽  
Time Required

The use of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a matrix for cell immobilization has been extensively studied in various biological systems. However, its suitability has not been reported in biosorption studies where inactivated cells are used as biosorbents. In this work, PVA and alginate as immobilization matrices (for the biosorption of gold by a fungal biomass) were investigated by examining their physical and chemical properties. Compared to alginate gels, PVA gels were shown to be more resistant to mechanical abrasion, and more stable over a wide pH range. Although the PVA matrix did not affect the equilibrium uptake in gold biosorption studies, the time required to attain a removal of 80% of the initial metal concentration was 1.7 times that of the freely suspended biosorbent. This contrasts with the alginate immobilized biosorbent which required an increase of well over ten times the duration to attain the same removal efficiency. Results indicated that PVA gels conferred a lower mass transfer resistance than alginate gels. Gold biosorption by the PVA-immobilized fungi followed the commonly used Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models although the former gave a better fit. The uptake of gold was dependent on the initial gold concentration and the biomass loading. Using a fungal biosorbent and gold ions as the model system, the results demonstrate the potential in the use of the PVA as a cell immobilisation matrix for biosorption studies.

scholarly journals Plasma-Activated Polyvinyl Alcohol Foils for Cell Growth

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1083
Author(s):  
Nikola Slepičková Kasálková ◽  
Petr Slepička ◽  
Barbora Ivanovská ◽  
Martina Trávníčková ◽  
Petr Malinský ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Plasma Discharge ◽  
Cell Behavior ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Natural Polysaccharide ◽  
Cell Carrier ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Positive Effect

Hydrogels, and not only natural polysaccharide hydrogels, are substances capable of absorbing large amounts of water and physiological fluids. In this study, we set out to optimize the process for preparing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels. Subsequently, we doped PVA foils with cellulose powder, with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) or with gold nanoparticles in PEG colloid solutions (Au). The foils were then modified in a plasma discharge to improve their biocompatibility. The properties of PVA foils were studied by various analytical methods. The use of a suitable dopant can significantly affect the surface wettability, the roughness, the morphology and the mechanical properties of the material. Plasma treatment of PVA leads to ultraviolet light-induced crosslinking and decreasing water absorption. At the same time, this treatment significantly improves the cytocompatibility of the polymer, which is manifested by enhanced growth of human adipose-derived stem cells. This positive effect on the cell behavior was most pronounced on PVA foils doped with PEG or with Au. This modification of PVA therefore seems to be most suitable for the use of this polymer as a cell carrier for tissue engineering, wound healing and other regenerative applications.

Effect of Niacin on Mitochondria of Allium Cepa Root Cells

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 78-79
Author(s):  
M. Arif Hayat
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Hydrogen Transfer ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Transfer Processes ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Critical Interest

Although it is recognized that niacin (pyridine-3-carboxylic acid), incorporated as the amide in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) or in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), is a cofactor in hydrogen transfer in numerous enzyme reactions in all organisms studied, virtually no information is available on the effect of this vitamin on a cell at the submicroscopic level. Since mitochondria act as sites for many hydrogen transfer processes, the possible response of mitochondria to niacin treatment is, therefore, of critical interest.Onion bulbs were placed on vials filled with double distilled water in the dark at 25°C. After two days the bulbs and newly developed root system were transferred to vials containing 0.1% niacin. Root tips were collected at ¼, ½, 1, 2, 4, and 8 hr. intervals after treatment. The tissues were fixed in glutaraldehyde-OsO4 as well as in 2% KMnO4 according to standard procedures. In both cases, the tissues were dehydrated in an acetone series and embedded in Reynolds' lead citrate for 3-10 minutes.

Ultrastructure of melanocyte-keratinocyte interactions and pigment transfer in vitro

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 650-651
Author(s):  
Raul I. Garcia ◽  
Evelyn A. Flynn ◽  
George Szabo
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Skin Pigmentation ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Pigment Granule ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Lanthanum Tracer ◽  
A Cell

Skin pigmentation in mammals involves the interaction of epidermal melanocytes and keratinocytes in the structural and functional unit known as the Epidermal Melanin Unit. Melanocytes(M) synthesize melanin within specialized membrane-bound organelles, the melanosome or pigment granule. These are subsequently transferred by way of M dendrites to keratinocytes(K) by a mechanism still to be clearly defined. Three different, though not necessarily mutually exclusive, mechanisms of melanosome transfer have been proposed: cytophagocytosis by K of M dendrite tips containing melanosomes, direct injection of melanosomes into the K cytoplasm through a cell-to-cell pore or communicating channel formed by localized fusion of M and K cell membranes, release of melanosomes into the extracellular space(ECS) by exocytosis followed by K uptake using conventional phagocytosis. Variability in methods of transfer has been noted both in vivo and in vitro and there is evidence in support of each transfer mechanism. We Have previously studied M-K interactions in vitro using time-lapse cinemicrography and in vivo at the ultrastructural level using lanthanum tracer and freeze-fracture.

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