This article seeks to discuss the problem of culturalacculturation, assimilation and adaptation in human life,particularly in its socio-cultural aspect of definition andidentity. One of the issues denoted hybrid culture and itsrelation to the perspective of multiculturalism related toIslam and Indonesia. Queries include how to differentiateeither the concept of Islam in Indonesia or Indonesian Islam,the construction of Indonesian Islam and lesson learned fromthe concept of Indonesian Islam. The study shows that thesocial and cultural modality served as the ultimate strengthof Indonesian Islam. This includes religion and its connectionwith socio-cultural adaptation. The socio-cultural processbears some significant cultural aspects of literature, localsongs, i.e., tembang, and architecture, i.e. joglo. Thosecultural instances signified the adaptation agencies amongMuslims in Indonesian context. In general, the notionbetween religion and its adaptation also occurred for someMuslims in the global context and experience.Key words: Identity, Indonesia, Islam, Cultural, Adaptation