Antibiotic resistance of urinary tract pathogens and evaluation of empirical treatment in Turkish children with urinary tract infections

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 413-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selçuk Yüksel ◽  
Burcu Öztürk ◽  
Aslı Kavaz ◽  
Z. Birsin Özçakar ◽  
Banu Acar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Empirical Treatment ◽  
Turkish Children ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals Epidemiology and antibiotic resistance in community-acquired lower urinary tract infections in the Milan area

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Paris ◽  
Mariasofia Caltagirone ◽  
Patrizia Minzulli ◽  
Antonia Valzano ◽  
Fulvio Enrico Ottorino Ferrara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Empirical Treatment ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Lower Urinary

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infectious diseases occurring in the community and healthcare setting. Most community-acquired urinary tract infections are usually treated empirically. The knowledge of antibiotic resistance patterns of the microorganisms causing UTI is essential for defining the empirical treatment. The aim of the present study is to investigate the prevalence and the resistance patterns of bacterial species isolated from lower urinary tract infections, in a large population of Milan area. A retrospective analysis of the isolates obtained from urine samples received at the microbiology laboratory of Centro Diagnostico Italiano of Milan was performed from January 2019 to December 2019. Urine samples were plated on differential medium by automated inoculation system. Identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed using the Phoenix 100™ system. All results were interpreted according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing breakpoints. During a 12-month period a total of the 51,980 urine samples have been processed and 21,4% (11.148) were found to be positive (bacterial count ≥105CFU/mL). Overall Escherichia coli was the most common Gram-negative bacteria of all isolates (72%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.8%) and Proteus mirabilis (3.3%). Susceptibility of E. coli to oral antimicrobial agents was demonstrated to be as follows: fosfomycin (97%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (76%), ciprofloxacin (89%), ampicillin (51%) and amoxicillin/clavulanate (77%). The present study point-out the common antibiotic resistance trend of uropathogens in this area. Our results will help in the formulation of antibiotic policy and determination of empirical treatment of urinary tract infection.

Frequency and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Uropathogens Associated With Community Acquired Urinary Tract Infections

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally Mohammed Saber ◽  
Marwa Abd el Rasoul El-Ashry ◽  
Christina Magdy Lotfy Mikhail Assad
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Empirical Treatment ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Community acquired urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections diagnosed in community health practice resulting in high rates of morbidity and high economic costs associated with its treatment. CAUTIs are usually treated empirically. Geographical variations in etiologic agents and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns are common. Knowledge of antibiotic resistance trends is important for improving evidence-based recommendations for empirical treatment of UTIs. Adequate empirical treatment can cause decrease in unnecessary hospital stays, treatment cost, antibiotic side effects as well as reducing antimicrobial resistance spread. Aim of the Work To determine the implicated uropathogens associated with community-acquired UTIs and their respective antimicrobial resistance pattern to improve the efficacy of empirical treatment of this infection. Patients and Methods This a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted from November 2018 to November 2019 at the main Microbiology Lab in Clinical Pathology Department, Ain Shams University Hospitals. Samples were received from patients attending different outpatient clinics in Ain Shams University Hospitals having UTI symptoms and whose urine samples showed significant bacterial growth (≥105 CFU/mL) associated with pyuria (more than 8–10 pus cells by microscopic urine analysis) and nitrite and leukocyte esterase positive by chemical analysis of urine strip. Results A total of 1600 patients who fulfilled our inclusion criteria were sampled. Of these, 1058 patients had urine samples that showed significant bacterial growth while about 34% of the samples were contaminated and excluded . Of the 1058 significant samples, 764 (72.21%) were from females and 294 (27.79%) from males with female to male ratio 2.6:1. Escherichia coli was found the dominant bacteria among a with the prevalence rate of 24.4% followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (13.8%). Tetracycline was found the most resistant antibiotic 929 (95.4%) followed by Ampicillin, Tazobactam-piperacillin, and Ampicillin- sulbactam by 90.1%, 81.7% and 77.7% respectively; however, the most sensitive antibiotics against all uropathogens were Carbapenems (Ertapenem 72.9% fol Imipenem 66.5% and Meropenem 66.4%) followed by Nitrofurantoin and Amikacin showing 64.3% and 58.01% sensitivity respectively . However, For gram positive uropathogens, Linezolid showed the highest sensitivity in 84% of the isolates. Conclusion The present study reveals a familiar pattern with respect to the species of uropathogens involved in community acquired urinary tract infections, however with considerable bacterial resistance to common empirically prescribed antibiotics.

scholarly journals 1686. Microbiology of Community-Onset Urinary Tract Infections in the United States, 2012-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S826-S827
Author(s):  
Leigh Ellyn Preston ◽  
Clifford McDonald ◽  
Babatunde Olubajo ◽  
Natalie McCarthy ◽  
Sujan Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
The United States ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Community Onset

Abstract Background Community-onset urinary tract infections (coUTIs) are one of the most common indications for antibiotic prescribing. It is important to understand patient demographic factors associated with microorganisms causing coUTI and their antibiotic resistance profiles, to tailor antibiotic prescribing practices. We analyzed microbiology data to understand factors associated with coUTI in the United States (US). Methods CoUTIs were identified in the Premier Healthcare Database and Cerner Health Facts among patients treated at participating healthcare facilities in the US between 2012-2017. Cases were defined by urine cultures yielding a bacterial organism and were collected in outpatient settings or within three days of hospitalization. Only the first specimen for each encounter was included in the analysis. Data on the organisms isolated, patient’s age, sex, and US census regions of the submitting facilities were described and compared using chi-square tests for associations. Encounters were classified as inpatient (INPT), observation (OBS), emergency department (ED), and outpatient (OTPT) based on the setting in which the culture was submitted. Results Using data from 637 acute care hospitals, urine samples from 3,291,561 encounters were included, with 776,653 (25.7%) INPT, 1,063,219 (34.8%) ED, 107,760 (3.5%) OBS, and 1,092,658 (35.8%) OTPT. The pathogens most frequently associated with coUTIs were Escherichia coli (57.3%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.7%), Enterococcus faecalis (5.1%), Proteus mirabilis (4.9%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2.9%). Female sex, age < 65y and OTPT and ED settings were associated with higher relative frequency of E. coli (all p < 0.0001). Male sex, INPT setting and age >65 y were associated with higher relative frequency of P. aeruginosa, P. mirabilis and E. faecalis (all p < 0.0001, Figure). K. pneumoniae was found at higher relative frequency in those >45y, and in INPT and OBS settings (all p < 0.0001). Figure. Distribution of pathogens most frequently associated with community onset urinary tract infections Conclusion Understanding patient factors associated with the microbiology of coUTIs is an important step in developing treatment recommendations and antibiotic stewardship efforts. Further analyses will include assessing the impact of major antibiotic resistance phenotypes, geographic and healthcare settings. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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