Examining flood vulnerability mapping approaches in developing countries: A scoping review

2021 ◽  
pp. 102766
Author(s):  
Garikai Martin Membele ◽  
Maheshvari Naidu ◽  
Onisimo Mutanga
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Vulnerability Mapping ◽  
Flood Vulnerability

Implementation of Home Visit Programs in Improving Nutritional Status of Under-Five Children in Developing Countries: A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Zakiah Zulfa ◽  
◽  
Cesa Septiana Pratiwi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Home Visit ◽  
Home Visits ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Review Question

Background: In developing country, malnutrition of under five children was still a severe problem because it may have an impact on the quality of human resources in the future. Various program has been tried in many places to overcome this problem, one of which is through a home visit program, which is very necessary for educational purposes to manage malnutrition. This study aimed to determine how to implement a home visit program to improve the nutritional status of under five children in developing countries. Subjects and Method: A scoping review method was conducted using Arksey and O’malley (2005) framework with five steps: (1) Identify the scoping review question; (2) Identify relevant articles; (3) Article selection; (4) Mapping; (5) Present the results, discussion and conclusion. The search included Pubmed, Wiley, Ebsco, Science Direct, and Google scholar databases. The inclusion criteria were original articles in Indonesian and English from developing countries published from 2010 to 2019. The data were reported by PRISMA flow chart. Results: Five of the 159 articles were selected, and found that five themes were summarized, namely: (1) effective implementation of home visits, (2) types of rehabilitation of nutritional status of under-five children on home visits, (3) home visit officers 4) time and activities for conducting home visits and 5 ) constraints on home visits for malnutrition education purposes. Conclusion: Home visit program is an effective and significant strategy to reduce the incidence of underweight, moderate and severe malnutrition, stunting and wasting in under five children only when combined with other programs. Several knowledge gaps identify which confirm through further research. Keywords: home visit, nutritional status of under-five children, malnutrition, developing countries Correspondence: Siti Zakiah Zulfa. Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. Jl. Ringroad Barat No.63, Mlangi, Nogotirto, Gamping, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085641349694. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.11

scholarly journals Evaluating farm-level livestock interventions in low-income countries: a scoping review of what works, how, and why

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Johanna F. Lindahl ◽  
Florence Mutua ◽  
Delia Grace
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Development Outcomes

Abstract Livestock interventions can improve nutrition, health, and economic well-being of communities. The objectives of this review were to identify and characterize livestock interventions in developing countries and to assess their effectiveness in achieving development outcomes. A scoping review, guided by a search strategy, was conducted. Papers needed to be written in English, published in peer-reviewed journals, and describe interventions in animal health and production. Out of 2739 publications systematically screened at the title, abstract, and full publication levels, 70 met our inclusion criteria and were considered in the study. Eight relatively high-quality papers were identified and added, resulting in 78 reviewed publications. Only 15 studies used randomized controlled trial designs making it possible to confidently link interventions with the resulting outcomes. Eight studies had human nutrition or health as outcomes, 11 focused on disease control, and four were on livestock production. Eight interventions were considered successful, but only four were scalable. We found good evidence that livestock-transfer programs, leveraging livestock products for nutrition, and helping farmers manage priority diseases, can improve human well-being. Our report highlights challenges in garnering evidence for livestock interventions in developing countries and provides suggestions on how to improve the quantity and quality of future evaluations.

scholarly journals Scoping review of acute stroke care management and rehabilitation in low and middle-income countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
George Lameck Chimatiro ◽  
Anthea J. Rhoda
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Stroke Care ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Care Processes ◽  
Care Structure ◽  
Care Outcomes ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Background Stroke is a major public health concern, affecting millions of people worldwide. Care of the condition however, remain inconsistent in developing countries. The purpose of this scoping review was to document evidence of stroke care and service delivery in low and middle-income countries to better inform development of a context-fit stroke model of care. Methods An interpretative scoping literature review based on Arksey and O’Malley’s five-stage-process was executed. The following databases searched for literature published between 2010 and 2017; Cochrane Library, Credo Reference, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, Science Direct, BioMed Central, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINNAHL), Academic Search Complete, and Google Scholar. Single combined search terms included acute stroke, stroke care, stroke rehabilitation, developing countries, low and middle-income countries. Results A total of 177 references were identified. Twenty of them, published between 2010 and 2017, were included in the review. Applying the Donebedian Model of quality of care, seven dimensions of stroke-care structure, six dimensions of stroke care processes, and six dimensions of stroke care outcomes were identified. Structure of stroke care included availability of a stroke unit, an accident and emergency department, a multidisciplinary team, stroke specialists, neuroimaging, medication, and health care policies. Stroke care processes that emerged were assessment and diagnosis, referrals, intravenous thrombolysis, rehabilitation, and primary and secondary prevention strategies. Stroke-care outcomes included quality of stroke-care practice, functional independence level, length of stay, mortality, living at home, and institutionalization. Conclusions There is lack of uniformity in the way stroke care is advanced in low and middle-income countries. This is reflected in the unsatisfactory stroke care structure, processes, and outcomes. There is a need for stroke care settings to adopt quality improvement strategies. Health ministry and governments need to decisively face stroke burden by setting policies that advance improved care of patients with stroke. Stroke Units and Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator (rtPA) administration could be considered as both a structural and process necessity towards improvement of outcomes of patients with stroke in the LMICs.

URBAN FLOOD VULNERABILITY MAPPING OF LAGOS, NIGERIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 224-236
Author(s):  
Ismail Usman Kaoje ◽  
◽  
Ibrahim Ishiaku ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerability Mapping ◽  
Flood Vulnerability ◽  
Urban Flood

scholarly journals The nexus between water sufficiency and water-borne diseases in cities in Africa: a scoping review protocol

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nyamai Mutono ◽  
James Wright ◽  
Henry Mutembei ◽  
Josphat Muema ◽  
Mair Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
World Population ◽  
Guinea Worm ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Water Borne ◽  
Water Sufficiency

Introduction: Currently, an estimated two thirds of the world population is water insufficient. As of 2015, one out of every five people in developing countries do not have access to clean sufficient drinking water. In an attempt to share the limited resource, water has been distributed at irregular intervals in cities in developing countries. Residents in these cities seek alternative water sources to supplement the inadequate water supplied. Some of these alternative sources of water are unsafe for human consumption, leading to an increased risk in water-borne diseases. Africa contributes to 53% of the diarrheal cases reported globally, with contaminated drinking water being the main source of transmission. Water-borne diseases like diarrhea, cholera, typhoid, amoebiasis, dysentery, gastroenteritis, cryptosporidium, cyclosporiasis, giardiasis, guinea worm and rotavirus are a major public health concern. The main objective of this scoping review is to map the available evidence to understand the sources of water among residents in cities in Africa and the relationship between clean water sufficiency and water-borne diseases in urban Africa. Methods and analysis: The search strategy will identify studies published in scientific journals and reports that are directly relevant to African cities that have a population of more than half a million residents as of 2014 AND studies on the ten emerging water-borne diseases, which are diarrhea, cholera, typhoid, amoebiasis, dysentery, gastroenteritis, cryptosporidium, cyclosporiasis, giardiasis, guinea worm and rotavirus. Ethics and dissemination: This scoping review did not require any formal ethical approval. The findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

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