The maltose transporter subunit IICB of the phosphotransferase system: An important factor for biofilm formation of Cronobacter

2021 ◽  
pp. 109517
Author(s):  
Xiangxiang Kong ◽  
Chunxia Li ◽  
Xiaodong Sun ◽  
Bing Niu ◽  
Dehua Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Phosphotransferase System ◽  
Maltose Transporter

scholarly journals Sugar-mediated regulation of a c-di-GMP phosphodiesterase in Vibrio cholerae

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoo Heo ◽  
Young-Ha Park ◽  
Kyung-Ah Lee ◽  
Joonwon Kim ◽  
Hyeong-In Ham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Phosphotransferase System ◽  
Host Colonization ◽  
Host Immune Responses ◽  
Gut Colonization ◽  
Host Diet ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Cyclic Dinucleotide

AbstractBiofilm formation protects bacteria from stresses including antibiotics and host immune responses. Carbon sources can modulate biofilm formation and host colonization in Vibrio cholerae, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show that EIIAGlc, a component of the phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP):carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS), regulates the intracellular concentration of the cyclic dinucleotide c-di-GMP, and thus biofilm formation. The availability of preferred sugars such as glucose affects EIIAGlc phosphorylation state, which in turn modulates the interaction of EIIAGlc with a c-di-GMP phosphodiesterase (hereafter referred to as PdeS). In a Drosophila model of V. cholerae infection, sugars in the host diet regulate gut colonization in a manner dependent on the PdeS-EIIAGlc interaction. Our results shed light into the mechanisms by which some nutrients regulate biofilm formation and host colonization.

scholarly journals Phosphoenolpyruvate phosphotransferase system components positively regulate Klebsiella biofilm formation

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Tze Horng ◽  
Chi-Jen Wang ◽  
Wen-Ting Chung ◽  
Huei-Jen Chao ◽  
Yih-Yuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Phosphotransferase System ◽  
System Components

scholarly journals Assessment of Genes Associated with Streptococcus mutans Biofilm Morphology

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 6277-6287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mizuho Motegi ◽  
Yuzo Takagi ◽  
Hideo Yonezawa ◽  
Nobuhiro Hanada ◽  
Jun Terajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Phosphotransferase System ◽  
Whole Saliva

ABSTRACT Streptococcus mutans, the major pathogen responsible for dental caries in humans, is a biofilm-forming bacterium. In the present study, 17 different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of genomic DNA were identified in S. mutans organisms isolated clinically from whole saliva. The S. mutans isolates showed different abilities to form biofilms on polystyrene surfaces in semidefined minimal medium cultures. Following cultivation in a flow cell system in tryptic soy broth with 0.25% sucrose and staining using a BacLight LIVE/DEAD system, two strains, designated FSC-3 and FSC-4, showed the greatest and least, respectively, levels of biofilm formation when examined with confocal laser scanning microscopy. Further, image analyses of spatial distribution and architecture were performed to quantify the merged green (live cells) and red (dead cells) light. The light intensity of the FSC-3 biofilm was greater than that of the FSC-4 biofilm in the bottom area but not in the top area. S. mutans whole-genome array results showed that approximately 3.8% of the genes were differentially expressed in the two strains, of which approximately 2.2%, including bacitracin transport ATP-binding protein gene glrA and a BLpL-like putative immunity protein gene, were activated in FSC-3. In addition, about 1.6% of the genes, including those associated with phosphotransferase system genes, were repressed. Analyses of the glrA-deficient strains and reverse transcription-PCR confirmed the role of the gene in biofilm formation. Differential assessment of biofilm-associated genes in clinical strains may provide useful information for understanding the morphological development of streptococcal biofilm, as well as for colonization of S. mutans.

scholarly journals Genome-wide Screening Identifies Phosphotransferase System Permease BepA to Be Involved inEnterococcus faeciumEndocarditis and Biofilm Formation

2016 ◽  
Vol 214 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda L. Paganelli ◽  
Johannes Huebner ◽  
Kavindra V. Singh ◽  
Xinglin Zhang ◽  
Willem van Schaik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Phosphotransferase System ◽  
Genome Wide

scholarly journals A Phosphoenolpyruvate-Dependent Phosphotransferase System Is the Principal Maltose Transporter in Streptococcus mutans

2007 ◽  
Vol 189 (8) ◽  
pp. 3322-3327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander J. Webb ◽  
Karen A. Homer ◽  
Arthur H. F. Hosie
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Starch Degradation ◽  
Phosphotransferase System ◽  
Maltose Transporter

ABSTRACT We report that a phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system, MalT, is the principal maltose transporter for Streptococcus mutans. MalT also contributes to maltotriose uptake. Since maltose and maltodextrins are products of starch degradation found in saliva, the ability to take up and ferment these carbohydrates may contribute to dental caries.

scholarly journals Mannitol and the Mannitol-Specific Enzyme IIB Subunit Activate Vibrio cholerae Biofilm Formation

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (15) ◽  
pp. 4675-4683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Ymele-Leki ◽  
Laetitia Houot ◽  
Paula I. Watnick
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Phosphotransferase System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
B Subunit ◽  
Multicomponent Signal ◽  
Enzyme I

ABSTRACTVibrio choleraeis a halophilic, Gram-negative rod found in marine environments. Strains that produce cholera toxin cause the diarrheal disease cholera.V. choleraeuse a highly conserved, multicomponent signal transduction cascade known as the phosphoenolpyruvate phosphotransferase system (PTS) to regulate carbohydrate uptake and biofilm formation. Regulation of biofilm formation by the PTS is complex, involving many different regulatory pathways that incorporate distinct PTS components. The PTS consists of the general components enzyme I (EI) and histidine protein (HPr) and carbohydrate-specific enzymes II. Mannitol transport byV. choleraerequires the mannitol-specific EII (EIIMtl), which is expressed only in the presence of mannitol. Here we show that mannitol activatesV. choleraebiofilm formation and transcription of thevpsbiofilm matrix exopolysaccharide synthesis genes. This regulation is dependent on mannitol transport. However, we show that, in the absence of mannitol, ectopic expression of the B subunit of EIIMtlis sufficient to activate biofilm accumulation. Mannitol, a common compatible solute and osmoprotectant of marine organisms, is a main photosynthetic product of many algae and is secreted by algal mats. We propose that the ability ofV. choleraeto respond to environmental mannitol by forming a biofilm may play an important role in habitat selection.

scholarly journals PafR, a Novel Transcription Regulator, Is Important for Pathogenesis in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

2014 ◽  
Vol 82 (10) ◽  
pp. 4241-4252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mordechai Baum ◽  
Mobarak Watad ◽  
Sara N. Smith ◽  
Christopher J. Alteri ◽  
Noa Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Gene Knockout ◽  
Sensory System ◽  
Phosphotransferase System ◽  
Knockout Mutant ◽  
Double Knockout ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTThemetVgenomic island in the chromosome of uropathogenicEscherichia coli(UPEC) encodes a putative transcription factor and a sugar permease of the phosphotransferase system (PTS), which are predicted to compose a Bgl-like sensory system. The presence of these two genes, hereby termedpafRandpafP, respectively, has been previously shown to correlate with isolates causing clinical syndromes. We show here that deletion of both genes impairs the ability of the resulting mutant to infect the CBA/J mouse model of ascending urinary tract infection compared to that of the parent strain, CFT073. Expressing the two genes intransin the two-gene knockout mutant complemented full virulence. Deletion of either gene individually generated the same phenotype as the double knockout, indicating that bothpafRandpafPare important to pathogenesis. We screened numerous environmental conditions but failed to detect expression from the promoter that precedes thepafgenesin vitro, suggesting that they arein vivoinduced (ivi). Although PafR is shown here to be capable of functioning as a transcriptional antiterminator, its targets in the UPEC genome are not known. Using microarray analysis, we have shown that expression of PafR from a heterologous promoter in CFT073 affects expression of genes related to bacterial virulence, biofilm formation, and metabolism. Expression of PafR also inhibits biofilm formation and motility. Taken together, our results suggest that thepafgenes are implicated in pathogenesis and that PafR controls virulence genes, in particular biofilm formation genes.

scholarly journals Involvement of an Inducible Fructose Phosphotransferase Operon in Streptococcus gordonii Biofilm Formation

2003 ◽  
Vol 185 (21) ◽  
pp. 6241-6254 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. Loo ◽  
K. Mitrakul ◽  
I. B. Voss ◽  
C. V. Hughes ◽  
N. Ganeshkumar
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Transcriptional Repressor ◽  
Oral Streptococci ◽  
Streptococcus Gordonii ◽  
Galactosidase Activity ◽  
Phosphotransferase System ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Transposon Insertion ◽  
Catabolite Control

ABSTRACT Oral streptococci, such as Streptococcus gordonii, are the predominant early colonizers that initiate biofilm formation on tooth surfaces. Investigation of an S. gordonii::Tn917-lac biofilm-defective mutant isolated by using an in vitro biofilm formation assay showed that the transposon insertion is near the 3′ end of an open reading frame (ORF) encoding a protein homologous to Streptococcus mutans FruK. Three genes, fruR, fruK, and fruI, were predicted to encode polypeptides that are part of the fructose phosphotransferase system (PTS) in S. gordonii. These proteins, FruR, FruK, and FruI, are homologous to proteins encoded by the inducible fruRKI operon of S. mutans. In S. mutans, FruR is a transcriptional repressor, FruK is a fructose-1-phosphate kinase, and FruI is the fructose-specific enzyme II (fructose permease) of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar PTS. Reverse transcription-PCR confirmed that fruR, fruK, and fruI are cotranscribed as an operon in S. gordonii, and the transposon insertion in S. gordonii fruK::Tn917-lac resulted in a nonpolar mutation. Nonpolar inactivation of either fruK or fruI generated by allelic replacement resulted in a biofilm-defective phenotype, whereas a nonpolar mutant with an inactivated fruR gene retained the ability to form a biofilm. Expression of fruK, as measured by the β-galactosidase activity of the fruK::Tn917-lac mutant, was observed to be growth phase dependent and was enhanced when the mutant was grown in media with high levels of fructose, sucrose, xylitol, and human serum, indicating that the fructose PTS operon was fructose and xylitol inducible, similar to the S. mutans fructose PTS. The induction by fructose was inhibited by the presence of glucose, indicating that glucose is able to catabolite repress fruK expression. Nonpolar inactivation of the fruR gene in the fruK::Tn917-lac mutant resulted in a greater increase in β-galactosidase activity when the organism was grown in media supplemented with fructose, confirming that fruR is a transcriptional repressor of the fructose PTS operon. These results suggest that the regulation of fructose transport and metabolism in S. gordonii is intricately tied to carbon catabolite control and the ability to form biofilms. Carbon catabolite control, which modulates carbon flux in response to environmental nutritional levels, appears to be important in the regulation of bacterial biofilms.

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