Toward a common method of cost-review for carbon capture technologies in the industrial sector: cement and iron and steel plants

The environmental evaluation of the sorption-enhanced water–gas shift (SEWGS) process to be used for the decarbonization of an integrated steel mill through life cycle assessment (LCA) is the subject of the present paper. This work is carried out within the STEPWISE H2020 project (grant agreement No. 640769). LCA calculations were based on material and energy balances derived from experimental activities, modeling activities, and literature data. Wide system boundaries containing various upstream and downstream processes as well as the main integrated steel mill are drawn for the system under study. The environmental indicators of the SEWGS process are compared to another carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology applied to the iron and steel industry (e.g., gas–liquid absorption using MEA). The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions for SEWGS technology is about 40%. For the other impact indicators, there is an increase in the SEWGS technology (in the range of 7.23% to 72.77%), which is mainly due to the sorbent production and transportation processes. Nevertheless, when compared with the post-combustion capture technology, based on gas–liquid absorption, from an environmental point of view, SEWGS performs significantly better, having impact factor values closer to the no-capture integrated steel mill.

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A Techno-economic analysis and systematic review of carbon capture and storage (CCS) applied to the iron and steel, cement, oil refining and pulp and paper industries, as well as other high purity sources

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control ◽

10.1016/j.ijggc.2017.03.020 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 61 ◽

pp. 71-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 108

Author(s):

D. Leeson ◽

N. Mac Dowell ◽

N. Shah ◽

C. Petit ◽

P.S. Fennell

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Economic Analysis ◽

High Purity ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Carbon Capture And Storage ◽

Pulp And Paper ◽

Oil Refining ◽

Iron And Steel ◽

Pulp And Paper Industries ◽

And Storage

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Energy and exergy use in the industrial sector of Saudi Arabia

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part A Journal of Power and Energy ◽

10.1243/095765003322407539 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 217 (5) ◽

pp. 481-492 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

I Dincer ◽

M. M. Hussain ◽

I Al-Zaharnah

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Energy Efficient ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Saudi Arabian ◽

Industrial Sector ◽

Iron And Steel ◽

Energy And Exergy ◽

Year 2000 ◽

Exergy Analyses

This paper deals with the analysis of energy and exergy utilization in the industrial sector of Saudi Arabia by considering the sectoral energy and exergy flows for a period of 12 years from 1990 to 2001. Oil and gas, chemical and petrochemical, iron and steel, and cement are identified as the four essential subsectors in the industrial sector. Sectoral energy and exergy analyses are conducted to study the variations of energy and exergy efficiencies for each subsector throughout the years, and these heating and overall energy and exergy efficiencies are compared for the four subsectors. In this regard, an example illustration is presented for the year 2000. The chemical and petrochemical subsector appears to be the most energy-efficient sector, and the iron and steel subsector the most exergy-efficient one. A comparison of the overall energy and exergy efficiencies of the Saudi Arabian industrial sector with the Turkish industrial sector is also presented for the year 1993. Although the sectoral coverage is different for each country, it is still useful to illustrate the situation on how sectoral energy and exergy efficiencies vary. The Turkish industrial sector appears to be more efficient for that particular year. It is believed that the technique presented here is a useful tool for analysing sectoral and subsectoral energy and exergy utilization. Such energy and exergy studies help a country to identify major losses and to determine the true magnitudes of these losses.

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Carbon capture from the industrial sector

Science ◽

10.1126/science.357.6357.1251-a ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 357 (6357) ◽

pp. 1251.1-1251

Author(s):

Julia Fahrenkamp-Uppenbrink

Keyword(s):

Carbon Capture ◽

Industrial Sector

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Dynamics of Japan’s Industrial Production and CO2 Emissions: Causality, Long-Run Trend and Implication

10.31235/osf.io/zb2dv ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Wahid Murad ◽

Md. Mahmudul Alam ◽

Mazharul Islam

Keyword(s):

Granger Causality ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Industrial Production ◽

Co2 Emission ◽

Industrial Sector ◽

Industrial Emissions ◽

Iron And Steel ◽

Long Run ◽

Equilibrium Level ◽

Residential And Commercial Sectors

While CO2 emissions from the residential and commercial sectors of Japan have increased significantly since 1990 the country‟s industrial emissions make up the largest share of those emissions. The historical CO2 emission performance data also indicate that the iron and steel, chemical, paper and pulp and cement were the top four largest industrial emitters, and these top four emitting industries contributed nearly two-third of the industrial sector‟s total CO2 emission amount during 1990-2015. Evidently, any appropriate efforts or strategies guided by an empirical investigation like this are expected to help Japan‟s industrial emitters move toward a more tolerable and less polluted carbon footprint, which is well-matched with the country‟s commitment to Kyoto Protocol. This study is thus an effort to empirically investigate the causality and long-run trend/relationship between Japan‟s industrial production and CO2 emissions and to propose some corporate environmental strategies using the econometric techniques of Vector Error Correction (VEC) and Granger causality. It found that there exists no Granger causality between Japan‟s industrial production and CO2 emissions in any direction. But the VEC estimation reveals that an increase in Japan‟s industrial production by 1% is associated with a 0.08% increase in the country‟s CO2 emissions. It also reveals that any disequilibrium between Japan‟s industrial production and CO2 emissions could take about 0.7 quarters for half of the error to be corrected for. The adjustment rate for Japan‟s industrial production is found to be positive but quite slow at the rate of 0.08% per year. Since Japan‟s CO2 emissions vis-à-vis its industrial production is found to have reached above the long-run equilibrium level, its industrial sector is expected to encounter with stricter government regulations requiring reduction of CO2 emissions to the targeted/equilibrium level in the future.

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Social Acceptance of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) from Industrial Applications

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su132112278 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (21) ◽

pp. 12278

Author(s):

Katja Witte

Keyword(s):

Carbon Capture ◽

Large Scale ◽

Social Acceptance ◽

Carbon Capture And Storage ◽

Industrial Sector ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Low Carbon ◽

Reduction Of Co2 ◽

Storage Technologies ◽

And Storage

To limit global warming, the use of carbon capture and storage technologies (CCS) is considered to be of major importance. In addition to the technical–economic, ecological and political aspects, the question of social acceptance is a decisive factor for the implementation of such low-carbon technologies. This study is the first literature review addressing the acceptance of industrial CCS (iCCS). In contrast to electricity generation, the technical options for large-scale reduction of CO2 emissions in the energy-intensive industry sector are not sufficient to achieve the targeted GHG neutrality in the industrial sector without the use of CCS. Therefore, it will be crucial to determine which factors influence the acceptance of iCCS and how these findings can be used for policy and industry decision-making processes. The results show that there has been limited research on the acceptance of iCCS. In addition, the study highlights some important differences between the acceptance of iCCS and CCS. Due to the technical diversity of future iCCS applications, future acceptance research must be able to better address the complexity of the research subject.

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Analysis of the State of the Art of International Policies and Projects on CCU for Climate Change Mitigation with a Focus on the Cases in Korea

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13010019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 19

Author(s):

Seok-ho Jung ◽

Seong-ho Lee ◽

Jihee Min ◽

Mee-hye Lee ◽

Ji Whan Ahn

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Technological Development ◽

The United States ◽

Industrial Sector ◽

Gas Emissions ◽

Korean Government ◽

Greenhouse Gas Reduction

In 2016, the Korean government selected carbon capture and utilization (CCU) as one of the national strategic projects and presented a detailed roadmap to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to create new climate industries through early demonstration of CCU technology. The Korean government also established the 2030 Greenhouse Gas Reduction Roadmap in 2016 and included carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology in the new energy industry sector as a CCU technology. The Korean government recognizes the importance of CCUS technology as a mid- to long-term measure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and implements policies related to technological development. The United States (U.S.), Germany, and China also expect CCUS technology to play a major role in reducing greenhouse gases in the industrial sector in terms of climate and energy policy. This study analyzed the CCU-related policies and technological trends in the U.S., Germany, and China, including major climate and energy plans, driving roadmaps, some government-led projects, and institutional support systems. This work also statistically analyzed 447 CCU and CCUS projects in Korea between 2010 and 2017. It is expected to contribute to responding to climate change, promoting domestic greenhouse gas reduction, and creating future growth engines, as well as to be used as basic data for establishing CCU-related policies in Korea.

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Life Cycle Assessment of Synthetic Natural Gas Production from Different CO2 Sources: A Cradle-to-Gate Study

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13174579 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (17) ◽

pp. 4579

Author(s):

Eleonora Bargiacchi ◽

Nils Thonemann ◽

Jutta Geldermann ◽

Marco Antonelli ◽

Umberto Desideri

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Electric Energy ◽

Co2 Concentration ◽

Gas Production ◽

Capture Process ◽

Iron And Steel

Fuel production from hydrogen and carbon dioxide is considered an attractive solution as long-term storage of electric energy and as temporary storage of carbon dioxide. A large variety of CO2 sources are suitable for Carbon Capture Utilization (CCU), and the process energy intensity depends on the separation technology and, ultimately, on the CO2 concentration in the flue gas. Since the carbon capture process emits more CO2 than the expected demand for CO2 utilization, the most sustainable CO2 sources must be selected. This work aimed at modeling a Power-to-Gas (PtG) plant and assessing the most suitable carbon sources from a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) perspective. The PtG plant was supplied by electricity from a 2030 scenario for Italian electricity generation. The plant impacts were assessed using data from the ecoinvent database version 3.5, for different CO2 sources (e.g., air, cement, iron, and steel plants). A detailed discussion on how to handle multi-functionality was also carried out. The results showed that capturing CO2 from hydrogen production plants and integrated pulp and paper mills led to the lowest impacts concerning all investigated indicators. The choice of how to handle multi-functional activities had a crucial impact on the assessment.

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