Diagnostic accuracy of a SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen test in real-life clinical settings

Medical errors have a huge impact on clinical practice in terms of economic and human costs. As a result, technology-based solutions, such as those grounded in artificial intelligence (AI) or collective intelligence (CI), have attracted increasing interest as a means of reducing error rates and their impacts. Previous studies have shown that a combination of individual opinions based on rules, weighting mechanisms, or other CI solutions could improve diagnostic accuracy with respect to individual doctors. We conducted a study to investigate the potential of this approach in cardiology and, more precisely, in electrocardiogram (ECG) reading. To achieve this aim, we designed and conducted an experiment involving medical students, recent graduates, and residents, who were asked to annotate a collection of 10 ECGs of various complexity and difficulty. For each ECG, we considered groups of increasing size (from three to 30 members) and applied three different CI protocols. In all cases, the results showed a statistically significant improvement (ranging from 9% to 88%) in terms of diagnostic accuracy when compared to the performance of individual readers; this difference held for not only large groups, but also smaller ones. In light of these results, we conclude that CI approaches can support the tasks mentioned above, and possibly other similar ones as well. We discuss the implications of applying CI solutions to clinical settings, such as cases of augmented ‘second opinions’ and decision-making.

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An exploratory survey of undergraduate nursing students’ experiences of group work within a Problem-Based Curriculum

Curationis ◽

10.4102/curationis.v25i4.795 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. Brysiewicz ◽

R. Cassimjee ◽

P. Mclnerney

Keyword(s):

Nursing Students ◽

Group Work ◽

Real Life ◽

Clinical Settings ◽

Group Discussions ◽

Undergraduate Nursing Students ◽

Undergraduate Nursing ◽

Learner Centered ◽

Life Problems ◽

Small Group Discussions

Problem-based Learning is a learner-centered approach to education which encourages student participation and group work in the learning process. This method of selfdirected learning is facilitated by the use of small-group discussions. This being the case, it is important for groups to function effectively in order for this learning to occur. These small groups are guided by a facilitator and utilize real-life problems from the clinical settings.

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Diagnostic accuracy of a new commercially available HCV-antigen test

Microbiologia Medica ◽

10.4081/mm.2010.2488 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Marta Monari ◽

Serenella Valaperta ◽

Roberto Assandri ◽

Alessandro Montanelli

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Antigen Test

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Respiratory specimens and the diagnostic accuracy of Aspergillus lateral flow assays (LFA-IMMY™): real-life data from a multicentre study

Clinical Microbiology and Infection ◽

10.1016/j.cmi.2019.08.009 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (12) ◽

pp. 1563.e1-1563.e3 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

C. Lass-Flörl ◽

G. Lo Cascio ◽

M. Nucci ◽

M. Camargo dos Santos ◽

A. Lopes Colombo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multicentre Study ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Real Life ◽

Lateral Flow ◽

Life Data ◽

Real Life Data ◽

Lateral Flow Assays ◽

Respiratory Specimens

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The effectiveness of CRT on improvement of survival of heart failure patients in real life clinical settings

Acta Cardiologica ◽

10.1080/00015385.2017.1291179 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 72 (2) ◽

pp. 180-187

Author(s):

Marek Hudak ◽

Michal Kerekanic ◽

Silvia Misikova ◽

Erika Komanova ◽

Alexander Boho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Real Life ◽

Clinical Settings ◽

Heart Failure Patients

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Confucian Perspectives on Psychiatric Ethics

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198732365.013.45 ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ruiping Fan ◽

Zhengrong Guo ◽

Michael Wong

Keyword(s):

Mainland China ◽

Real Life ◽

Confucian Ethics ◽

Individual Autonomy ◽

Clinical Settings ◽

Involuntary Hospitalization ◽

Way Of Life ◽

Family Obligations ◽

The Family ◽

Family Based

This chapter examines Confucian perspectives on psychiatric ethics by focusing on a family-based and family-oriented way of life. It first provides a background on Confucianism and Confucian familism, with emphasis on central concerns in the Confucian virtuous way of life including the integrity, continuity, and prosperity of the family. It then compares Confucian ethics with Western bioethics in terms of moral responsibility and individual autonomy in the context of family obligations and patient needs. It also discusses the Mental Health Act in China, which became effective in May 2013, and its restrictions on involuntary hospitalization within the context of Confucian ethics. The chapter considers two cases, one from mainland China and another from Australia, to illustrate Confucian psychiatric ethics at work in real life and highlight various issues that arise in contemporary clinical settings.

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Does homeopathic medicine have a preventive effect on respiratory tract infections? A real life observational study

Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine ◽

10.4081/mrm.2016.272 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Gianfranco Maria Beghi ◽

Antonio Maria Morselli-Labate

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Real Life ◽

Treated Group ◽

Clinical Settings ◽

Homeopathic Medicine ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Positive Effect

Background: Homeopathic medicine is a branch of integrative medicine that has been gaining increasing popularity. However, its clinical application remains controversial. To improve the understanding of homeopathy, observational studies-which monitor the effects of homeopathy in real-life clinical settings-are a helpful adjunct to randomized controlled trials. The goal of this controlled observational study was to investigate the role of the homeopathic medicine in preventing respiratory tract infections (RTIs). Methods: This retrospective analysis of patients’ medical records focused on a single centre from 2002 to 2011, and examined 459 patients, out of whom 248 were treated with homeopathic medicine (specific extract of duck liver and heart) and 211 were not treated. All patients were followed-up for at least 1 year, and up to a maximum of 10 years. Results: A significant reduction in the frequency of onset of RTIs was found in both the homeopathic medicine and untreated groups. The reduction in the mean number of RTI episodes during the period of observation vs. the year before inclusion in the study was significantly greater in the homeopathic-treated group than in untreated patients (-4.76 ± 1.45 vs. -3.36 ± 1.30; p = 0.001). The beneficial effect of the homeopathic medicine was not significantly related to gender, age, smoking habits or concomitant respiratory diseases when compared to the effect observed in untreated patients. Conclusion: These results suggest that homeopathic medicine may have a positive effect in preventing RTIs. However, randomized studies are needed before any firm conclusion can be reached.

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The Use of HSQoL-24 in an Assessment of Quality-of-Life Impairment among Hidradenitis Suppurativa Patients: First Look at Real-Life Data

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10225446 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (22) ◽

pp. 5446

Author(s):

Piotr K. Krajewski ◽

Servando E. Marrón ◽

Manuel Gomez-Barrera ◽

Lucía Tomas-Aragones ◽

Yolanda Gilaberte-Calzada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽

Disease Onset ◽

Real Life ◽

Clinical Settings ◽

Life Data ◽

Real Life Data ◽

Inflammatory Skin Disorder ◽

Family House

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder with well-documented effects on patients’ quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study was to evaluate the QoL of patients with HS via the use of a newly developed questionnaire: Hidradenitis Suppurativa Quality of Life-24 (HSQoL-24). This study was performed on a population of 342 HS patients. Their QoL was assessed via the HSQoL-24 questionnaire. The perceived impairment of QoL due to HS in the studied group was considered to be serious (mean HSQoL-24 score: 58.3 ± 21.0 points). Women tended to experience a significantly higher impact from the disease than men (61.6 ± 19.2 points vs. 51.1 ± 23.1 points, p < 0.001). The HS severity had an effect on the perceived QoL, with statistically significant differences being evident between the self-assessed HS severity groups. The level of QoL impairment correlated positively with the number of affected body areas (r = 0.285, p < 0.001) and the duration of the disease (r = 0.173, p = 0.001), while the patients’ age at disease onset correlated negatively with the HSQoL-24 global score (r = −0.182, p = 0.001). Patients living in their family house scored higher than other groups. The least affected were patients who lived alone. The study shows that the HSQoL-24 questionnaire is a reliable, HS-specific tool for measuring the QoL among patients with HS in real-life clinical settings.

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Nationwide surveillance for Telmisartan alone or with combination at real world therapy in Indian patients with hypertension (START)

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20213938 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 3091

Author(s):

Manoj B. Chopda ◽

Sunil G. Gadkar ◽

Yashwanth A. L. ◽

Ravi Kumar L. ◽

Dhammadeep C. Dabhade ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Categorical Data ◽

Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽

Real Life ◽

Clinical Settings ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical Practitioners ◽

Prescribing Behaviour ◽

Receptor Blockers ◽

Nationwide Surveillance

Background: Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are amongst the most preferred class of antihypertensive as reported at various evidences or guidelines. However, choice amongst ARBs differs between practicing physicians in real-life scenario. This survey aimed to understand the usage preferences of telmisartan therapy alone and in combination for treating hypertension (HT) among practitioners at various clinical settings in real-life scenario in India.Methods: A cross‑sectional survey was conducted with a pre-validated survey questionnaire consisting of 15 questions pertaining to the telmisartan and its combination usage in HT management. Total 498 registered medical practitioners (mostly physicians and cardiologists) had participated in survey. They were approached for seeking their perception, opinions, and prescribing behaviour. Categorical data was summarized by number (n) and percentage (%) in each category. Data were summarised in frequency tables.Results: Key findings from the data analysed were as follows: Around 20-40% of patients been reported to have co-morbid hypertension and diabetes as reported by the majority of the physicians. Preferred class of drug in patients with hypertension with diabetes reported to be ARB. Around 90.36% of doctors reported that telmisartan was the most preferred ARB in patients with hypertension associated with high cardiovascular risk. Around 90.76% of doctors reported for their preference for telmisartan in patients with hypertension for 24-hr BP control. Around 82.93% of doctors preferred telmisartan in patients with hypertension and stroke/post-MI status.Conclusions: Indian healthcare practitioners prefer telmisartan as the most preferred ARB either alone or in a combination in patients with hypertension, including those with comorbidities.

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