scholarly journals Study on in-vitro antibacterial activity of selected Indian medicinal plants against colistin resistant and multi/extensive drug resistant Klebsiella species isolated from urinary tract infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. S26
Author(s):  
Ishrath Razia.R ◽  
Anusha Hindupur ◽  
Thota Akhil Raj, Iswarya
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Indian Medicinal Plants

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of LCB10-0200 against Klebsiella pneumoniae

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1185
Author(s):  
Sang-Hun Oh ◽  
Young-Rok Kim ◽  
Hee-Soo Park ◽  
Kyu-Man Oh ◽  
Young-Lag Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Tract Infections

Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the important clinical organisms that causes various infectious diseases, including urinary tract infections, necrotizing pneumonia, and surgical wound infections. The increase in the incidence of multidrug-resistance K. pneumoniae is a major problem in public healthcare. Therefore, a novel antibacterial agent is needed to treat this pathogen. Here, we studied the in vitro and in vivo activities of a novel antibiotic LCB10-0200, a siderophore-conjugated cephalosporin, against clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae. In vitro susceptibility study found that LCB10-0200 showed potent antibacterial activity against K. pneumoniae, including the beta-lactamase producing strains. The in vivo efficacy of LCB10-0200 was examined in three different mouse infection models, including systemic, thigh, and urinary tract infections. LCB10-0200 showed more potent in vivo activity than ceftazidime in the three in vivo models against the drug-susceptible and drug-resistant K. pneumoniae strains. Taken together, these results show that LCB10-0200 is a potential antibacterial agent to treat infection caused by K. pneumoniae.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants used for urinary tract infections in pastoralist community in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eshetu Gadisa ◽  
Elazar Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Medicinal plants have wide medicament application used to prevent and management of many ailments. These plants are used for primary health care in pastoralist communities who are deprived of modern medical care. They possess extensive therapeutics bioactive coupled with varied chemical structures. However, scientific validation of efficacy and safety of plants used to treat the urinary tract infections haven’t been fully exploited. The aim of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial activity and screening phytochemicals of medicinal plants used to treat urinary tract infections. Methods In-vitro experimental study was carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial effect and screening phytochemical of Rumex abyssinicus, Cucumis pustulatus, Discopodium penninervium, Lippia adoensis, Euphorbia depauperata, and Cirsium englerianum. Against drug resistance microbes. 80% methanol was used for extraction of the plant parts. The susceptibility tests were investigated using disc diffusion and broth micro-dilution methods. Results The majority of tested extracts showed antimicrobial activity on two or more drug-resistant bacteria with MIC value (1.0–128.0 μg/ml) and 9–27 mm inhibition zone in diameter. Extracts obtained from C.englerianum and E. depauperate showed more potent antibacterial activity on MRSA and Enterococcus faecalis with IZ 25 and 27 mm respectively. E. coli and K. pneumoniae were inhibited by those extracts with IZ ranging 9–25 mm and 11–27 mm respectively. E.faecalis and K. pneumoniae were more susceptible bacteria to the respective extracts. R. abyssinicus showed promising antifungal effect with had 21 mm IZ and MIC range 16-32 μg/ml on C.albicans. Alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic and terpenoid were common phytochemical characterized in majority of screened plants. Conclusion Tested extracts exhibited significant antibacterial and antifungal activity. Hence, further structural elucidation of bioactive that inhibited the growth of microbes aforementioned plants may be used as precursors for the synthesis of new antibiotics in the future.

scholarly journals A Study on Phenotypic Association between Biofilm and Drug Resistant Klebsiella Species Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishrath Razia Riaz ◽  
Anusha Hindupur ◽  
Akhil Raj Thota ◽  
Arulmozhi Balakrishnan ◽  
Iswarya Anbazhagan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Drug Resistance Pattern ◽  
String Test ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Introduction: Urinary Tract Infections (UTI's) are considered to be one of the most prominent infections, worldwide. Klebsiella species are the commonest cause of community and hospital acquired UTIs. Biofilm production and hyper-mucous production are the important virulence factors among the pathogenic strains of Klebsiella species. Biofilm-associated and Hyper-Mucoviscosity (HMV) variants of Kiebsiella spp. ispotent enough to easily colonise the urinary tract, develop the invasiveness of infection and mainly contribute in higherresistance to most classes of antibiotics. Understanding the virulence factors associated with Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) Klebsiella spp. would aid in estimating the resistance related mortality. Aim: To identify and comparatively analyse the HMV, biofilm-producing capacity and drug resistance pattern of archived Klebsiella spp. isolates from UTI. Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional, descriptive study. A retrospective analysis was performed during January 2020 to March 2020 on 207 archived Klebsiellaspp. isolates collected between December 2017 to January 2019. The presumptive identification of Klebsiella spp. was done using standard microbiological techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Klebsiella spp. were tested for biofilm production using microtiter plate method and HMV phenotype by string test. Descriptive statistics and Student’s t-test were performed to analyse the data. Results: A total of 207 Klebsiella isolates were used in this study and majority (94.6%) of the isolates were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae. Out of 207 isolates, 14 isolates (6.8%) were Extensively Drug Resistant (XDR); 141 isolates (68.1%) were MDR; 43 isolates (20.8%) were resistant to one or two class of antibiotics. Biofilm detection assay showed 97.1% (201/207) were strong biofilm producers and 2.9% (6/207) were moderate biofilm producers. String test for HMV detection showed only two isolates (1.0%) were positive HMV producers. Among the biofilm producers, majority of the Klebsiella isolates were found to be MDR. Conclusion: Resistance in Klebsiella spp. is an evolving problem. Majority of the drug resistant Klebsiella isolates used in present study were strong biofilm producers. This study emphasises on the sensible use of last resort drugs to cut down the evolution of resistant strains.

scholarly journals Seeds extract of three Artocarpus species: Their in-vitro antibacterial activities against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli isolates from urinary tract infections (UTIs)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Evy Prastiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Seed Extracts

Abstract. Prastiyanto ME. 2021. Seeds extract of three Artocarpus species: Their in-vitro antibacterial activities against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli isolates from urinary tract infections (UTIs). Biodiversitas 22: 4362-4368. Multidrug-resistant (MDR)-E. coli is a major cause and has become a very serious problem in urinary tract infections (UTIs). As a result, it requires an antibacterial agent derived from biological materials. It has been reported that the seeds of three species of Artocarpus (A. heterophyllous, A. champeden, and A. camansi) have antibacterial properties against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, there are three other Artocarpus species in Indonesia, i.e., keledang (A. lanceipolius), tarra (A. elasticus), and terap (A. Odoratissimus) whose antibacterial property has not been investigated. To minimize the research gap, this study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of seed extracts of A. lanceipolius, A. elasticus, and A. odoratissimus against MDR-E. coli isolates of UTIs. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the agar well diffusion assay. The microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values. The results revealed that the seed extracts of A. lanceipolius, A. elasticus, and A. odoratissimus have the potential as antibacterial agents against MDR-E. coli isolate of UTIs. A. elasticus seed extract shows the widest zone of inhibition in the range of 7.0-13.3 mm and the smallest MIC and MBC values ??of 6.25-12.5 mg/mL and 12.5-25 mg/mL, respectively. In conclusion, A. lanceipolius, A. elasticus, and A. odoratissimus seed extracts have the potential to be developed as antibacterial agents against UTI-causing MDR-E. coli. Further in vivo research and determining the mode of action of antibacterial activity are needed.

scholarly journals In vitro effect of fosfomycin on multi-drug resistant gram-negative bacteria causing urinary tract infections

2019 ◽  
Vol Volume 12 ◽  
pp. 2005-2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopichand Pallam ◽  
Girija Agarwal ◽  
Mailan Natarajan ◽  
Jharna Mandal ◽  
Deepanjali Surendran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Vitro Effect

scholarly journals In vitro Assessment of Fosfomycin: A Beacon of Hope in Drug Resistant Organisms Causing Urinary Tract Infections

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mridu Anand ◽  
Chinmoy Sahu ◽  
Arti Negi ◽  
Avinash Singh
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common bacterial infections affecting humans.. Fosfomycin has been approved for use in uncomplicated UTI caused by E. coli and Enterococcus. However, data regarding sensitivity of organisms causing hospital acquired or complicated UTI is scarce worldwide. We aimed to determine the in vitro sensitivity of drug resistant organisms causing hospital acquired and complicated UTI towards fosfomycin. Materials and Methods: Over a 6 month period, urine samples were processed as per standard microbiological protocols. Bacterial isolates were identified by routine microbiological methods followed by automated methods. Antibiotic sensitivity tests were done for different antibiotics. Fosfomycin sensitivity was tested by disc diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by E test method. Results: A total of 248` organisms causing hospital acquired and/or complicated UTI were isolated of which E. coli 88(35.48%) was most common followed by K. pneumoniae 78(31.45%) and P. aeruginosa 64(25.80%). Of 248, 92.74% (230/248) isolates were sensitive to fosfomycin. All the E. coli isolates were sensitive to fosfomycin with a low MIC (range 0.064-16 mg/L) while 97.43% (76/78) of the K. pneumoniae and 71.87% (46/64) P. aeruginosa of isolates were sensitive with a higher MIC (range 0.5-32 mg/L and 6-64mg/L respectively). Fosfomycin MIC geometric mean among E. coli, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa was; 1.05, 7.19 and 19.61 mg/L respectively.  K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa showed a significantly higher geometric mean MIC compare to E. coli (P <0.0001). Conclusions: This study suggests that fosfomycin has the potential to replace the parenteral antibiotics for treating complicated or hospital acquired lower UTI especially in case of Enterobacteriaceae.

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