Accurate modeling, comparative analysis, and performance enhancement of broadband piezoelectric energy harvesters with single and dual magnetic forces

There exist numerous low-frequency excitation sources, such as walking, breathing, and ocean waves, capable of providing viable amounts of mechanical energy to power many critical devices, including pacemakers, cell phones, MEMS devices, wireless sensors, and actuators. Harvesting significant energy levels from such sources can only be achieved through the design of devices capable of performing effective energy transfer mechanisms over low frequencies. In this chapter, two concepts of efficient low-frequency piezoelectric energy harvesters are presented, namely, variable-shaped piezoelectric energy harvesters and piezomagnetoelastic energy harvesters. Linear and nonlinear electromechanical models are developed and validated in this chapter. The results show that the quadratic shape can yield up to two times the energy harvested by a rectangular one. It is also demonstrated that depending on the available excitation frequency, an enhanced energy harvester can be tuned and optimized by changing the length of the piezoelectric material or by changing the distance between the two tip magnets.

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Modeling and Performance Enhancement of Low-Frequency Energy Harvesters

Innovative Materials and Systems for Energy Harvesting Applications - Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-8254-2.ch007 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 159-196 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abdessattar Abdelkefi

Keyword(s):

Performance Enhancement ◽

Mechanical Energy ◽

Excitation Frequency ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Ocean Waves ◽

Sensors And Actuators ◽

Low Frequencies ◽

Energy Harvesters ◽

Piezoelectric Energy ◽

And Performance

There exist numerous low-frequency excitation sources, such as walking, breathing, and ocean waves, capable of providing viable amounts of mechanical energy to power many critical devices, including pacemakers, cell phones, MEMS devices, wireless sensors, and actuators. Harvesting significant energy levels from such sources can only be achieved through the design of devices capable of performing effective energy transfer mechanisms over low frequencies. In this chapter, two concepts of efficient low-frequency piezoelectric energy harvesters are presented, namely, variable-shaped piezoelectric energy harvesters and piezomagnetoelastic energy harvesters. Linear and nonlinear electromechanical models are developed and validated in this chapter. The results show that the quadratic shape can yield up to two times the energy harvested by a rectangular one. It is also demonstrated that depending on the available excitation frequency, an enhanced energy harvester can be tuned and optimized by changing the length of the piezoelectric material or by changing the distance between the two tip magnets.

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Piezoelectric Energy Generators Based on Spring and Inertial Mass

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma11112163 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 2163 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sanghyun Yoon ◽

Jinhwan Kim ◽

Kyung-Ho Cho ◽

Young-Ho Ko ◽

Sang-Kwon Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Piezoelectric Materials ◽

Electric Energy ◽

Inertial Mass ◽

Design Parameters ◽

Mechanical Shock ◽

Generator System ◽

Energy Harvesters ◽

Shock Energy ◽

Piezoelectric Energy ◽

And Performance

In this study, inertial mass-based piezoelectric energy generators with and without a spring were designed and tested. This energy harvesting system is based on the shock absorber, which is widely used to protect humans or products from mechanical shock. Mechanical shock energies, which were applied to the energy absorber, were converted into electrical energies. To design the energy harvester, an inertial mass was introduced to focus the energy generating position. In addition, a spring was designed and tested to increase the energy generation time by absorbing the mechanical shock energy and releasing a decreased shock energy over a longer time. Both inertial mass and the spring are the key design parameters for energy harvesters as the piezoelectric materials, Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 piezoelectric ceramics were employed to store and convert the mechanical force into electric energy. In this research, we will discuss the design and performance of the energy generator system based on shock absorbers.

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DESIGN ANALYSIS AND CONSTRUCTION OF ENERGY HARVESTING COAXIAL HELICOPTER

Aviation ◽

10.3846/16487788.2013.861230 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 145-149

Author(s):

Anvinder Singh ◽

Varun Sharma

Keyword(s):

Piezoelectric Sensor ◽

Base Station ◽

The Body ◽

Total Power ◽

Energy Harvesters ◽

Piezoelectric Energy ◽

Aerial Vehicle ◽

And Performance ◽

A Charge ◽

Coaxial Helicopter

With the growing need for technology, the tendency for errors has increased many times, which often results in loss of human lives. Our main aim of this paper is to show the implementation of a coaxial rotor aerial vehicle that can be controlled by a radio frequency transmitter. The helicopter is capable of manoeuvring in an area where real helicopters cannot. The area could be a flooded region, a place hit by an earthquake, or a building on fire. The main aim is to transmit video of that place to a base station by the camera attached to the helicopter. Various factors required to make a safe and successful coaxial helicopter are discussed and extensive flight testing proves that this flying machine is better in efficiency and performance than a traditional single rotor aerial vehicle. The relation of flight parameters like torque, induced power, rpm, pitch, and total power are discussed. A piezoelectric sensor is used to determine the vibrations occurring in the body so that they can be minimised. A successful attempt to convert the vibrations into a charge by piezoelectric energy harvesters is made.

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Performance Enhancement of a Multiresonant Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for Low Frequency Vibrations

Energies ◽

10.3390/en12142770 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (14) ◽

pp. 2770 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Iman Izadgoshasb ◽

Yee Lim ◽

Ricardo Vasquez Padilla ◽

Mohammadreza Sedighi ◽

Jeremy Novak

Keyword(s):

Cantilever Beam ◽

Performance Enhancement ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Design Parameters ◽

Vibration Source ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Energy Harvesters ◽

Piezoelectric Energy ◽

Low Frequency Vibration ◽

External Power Source

Harvesting electricity from low frequency vibration sources such as human motions using piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEH) is attracting the attention of many researchers in recent years. The energy harvested can potentially power portable electronic devices as well as some medical devices without the need of an external power source. For this purpose, the piezoelectric patch is often mechanically attached to a cantilever beam, such that the resonance frequency is predominantly governed by the cantilever beam. To increase the power generated from vibration sources with varying frequency, a multiresonant PEH (MRPEH) is often used. In this study, an attempt is made to enhance the performance of MRPEH with the use of a cantilever beam of optimised shape, i.e., a cantilever beam with two triangular branches. The performance is further enhanced through optimising the design of the proposed MRPEH to suit the frequency range of the targeted vibration source. A series of parametric studies were first carried out using finite-element analysis to provide in-depth understanding of the effect of each design parameters on the power output at a low frequency vibration. Selected outcomes were then experimentally verified. An optimised design was finally proposed. The results demonstrate that, with the use of a properly designed MRPEH, broadband energy harvesting is achievable and the efficiency of the PEH system can be significantly increased.

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Equivalent impedance and power analysis of monostable piezoelectric energy harvesters

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures ◽

10.1177/1045389x20930080 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (14) ◽

pp. 1697-1715

Author(s):

Chunbo Lan ◽

Yabin Liao ◽

Guobiao Hu ◽

Lihua Tang

Keyword(s):

Equivalent Circuit ◽

Electromechanical Coupling ◽

Energy Harvester ◽

Performance Enhancement ◽

Damping Ratio ◽

Power Performance ◽

Closed Form Solutions ◽

Energy Harvesters ◽

Piezoelectric Energy ◽

Power Limit

Nonlinearity has been successfully introduced into piezoelectric energy harvesting for power performance enhancement and bandwidth enlargement. While a great deal of emphasis has been placed by researchers on the structural design and broadband effect, this article is motivated to investigate the maximum power of a representative type of nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvesters, that is, monostable piezoelectric energy harvester. An equivalent circuit is proposed to analytically study and explain system behaviors. The effect of nonlinearity is modeled as a nonlinear stiffness element mechanically and a nonlinear capacitive element electrically. Facilitated by the equivalent circuit, closed-form solutions of power limit and critical electromechanical coupling, that is, minimum coupling to reach the power limit, of monostable piezoelectric energy harvesters are obtained, which are used for a clear explanation of the system behavior. Several important conclusions have been drawn from the analytical analysis and validated by numerical simulations. First, given the same level of external excitation, the monostable piezoelectric energy harvester and its linear counterpart are subjected to the same power limit. Second, while the critical coupling of linear piezoelectric energy harvesters depends on the mechanical damping ratio only, it also depends on the vibration excitation and magnetic field for monostable piezoelectric energy harvesters, which can be used to adjust the power performance of the system.

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Nonlinear Dynamics and Design of Aeroelastic Energy Harvesters

Innovative Materials and Systems for Energy Harvesting Applications - Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-8254-2.ch012 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 341-379

Author(s):

Abdessattar Abdelkefi

Keyword(s):

Wireless Sensors ◽

Performance Enhancement ◽

Circular Cylinders ◽

Medical Implants ◽

Energy Harvesters ◽

Vortex Induced Vibrations ◽

Flow Induced Vibrations ◽

Self Powered ◽

And Performance

The concept of harvesting energy from flow-induced vibrations has received a great deal of attention in the last few years. This technology would help in the replacement of small batteries that require expensive and time consuming maintenance and development of self-powered electronic devices, such as health monitoring sensors, medical implants, data transmitters, wireless sensors, and cameras. In this chapter, a particular focus is paid to the concept of harvesting energy from aeroelastic instabilities, such as flutter in airfoil sections, vortex-induced vibrations in circular cylinders, and galloping in prismatic structures. Nonlinear electroaeroelastic models for these energy harvesters are derived and validated with experimental measurements. It is shown how linear and nonlinear analyses can be used to breach traditional barriers in the design and performance enhancement of these aeroelastic energy harvesters, characterization of their behaviors, and identification of the contribution of different types of nonlinearities.

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