The study discusses the effect on the functional state of the whole blood cells of low-intensity microwave radiation. On the model of intercellular interactions in the conditions of spontaneous cell activity and by stimulating cells complex mitogen, the influence of microwave radiation 1000 MHz on production by whole blood cells interleukins: IL-1β, 2, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 17A, TNF-alpha, IFN-g, RAIL-1, and soluble forms of toll-like receptor 1, 2, 4, 6 types was studied. The research results show that a single 45 minutes of exposure of microwave radiation of 0.05 PPM microwatt/cm2 has the ability to enhance mitogen-stimulated production of RAIL-1 by 38,7% (p=0.03), to reduce the induced production of IL-1β by 26,3% (p=0,037), IL-8 by 56,2% (p=0.022) and to increase oppressed segment complex mitogen production of IL-10 by 27,8% (p=0,041). The microwave radiation increased spontaneous and mitogen-stimulated expression of TLR, especially TLR1 during the initial low level.