Protein and antioxidant composition of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) sprout from seeds submitted to water stress, salinity and light conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 558-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Fischer ◽  
Rosemarie Wilckens ◽  
Jorge Jara ◽  
Mario Aranda ◽  
Walter Valdivia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Light Conditions

Do mycorrhizas improve tropical tree seedling performance under water stress and low light conditions? A case study with Dicorynia guianensis (Caesalpiniaceae)

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moïse Béreau ◽  
Damien Bonal ◽  
Eliane Louisanna ◽  
Jean Garbaye
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Carbon Allocation ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Tree Seedling ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Dicorynia Guianensis

We tested the response of seedlings of Dicorynia guianensis, a major timber tree species of French Guiana, to mycorrhizal symbiosis and water limitation in a semi-controlled experiment under natural light conditions. Under well-watered conditions, mycorrhizal colonization resulted in an increase of net photosynthesis, growth and phosphorus uptake. When submitted to water stress, no growth reduction of mycorrhizal seedlings was observed. Mycorrhizal seedlings were more sensitive to drought than non-mycorrhizal ones in terms of carbon assimilation, but not with regard to stomatal closure. In contrast to previous studies on temperate tree seedlings, this result precludes a mycorrhizal effect on the hydraulic properties of this species. Furthermore, our results suggest that below a specific threshold of soil moisture, carbon assimilation of D. guianensis seedlings was decreased by the mycorrhizal symbiosis. This is probably related to the competition between the plant and its host fungus for carbon allocation under low light intensity, even though it did not seem to have a significant effect on mortality in our experiment.

scholarly journals Effect of Water Stress during Grain Filling on Yield, Quality and Physiological Traits of Illpa and Rainbow Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) Cultivars

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angie L. Gámez ◽  
David Soba ◽  
Ángel M. Zamarreño ◽  
José M. García-Mina ◽  
Iker Aranjuelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Stomatal Opening ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Yield And Quality

The total area under quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) cultivation and the consumption of its grain have increased in recent years because of its nutritional properties and ability to grow under adverse conditions, such as drought. Climate change scenarios predict extended periods of drought and this has emphasized the need for new crops that are tolerant to these conditions. The main goal of this work was to evaluate crop yield and quality parameters and to characterize the physiology of two varieties of quinoa grown under water deficit in greenhouse conditions. Two varieties of quinoa from the Chilean coast (Rainbow) and altiplano (Illpa) were used, grown under full irrigation or two different levels of water deficit applied during the grain filling period. There were no marked differences in yield and quality parameters between treatments, but the root biomass was higher in plants grown under severe water deficit conditions compared to control. Photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance decreased with increased water stress in both cultivars, but the coastal variety showed higher water use efficiency and less discrimination of 13C under water deficit. This response was associated with greater root development and a better stomatal opening adjustment, especially in the case of Rainbow. The capacity of Rainbow to increase its osmoregulant content (compounds such as proline, glutamine, glutamate, K and Na) could enable a potential osmotic adjustment in this variety. Moreover, the lower stomatal opening and transpiration rates were also associated with higher leaf ABA concentration values detected in Rainbow. We found negative logarithmic relationships between stomatal conductance and leaf ABA concentration in both varieties, with significant R2 values of 0.50 and 0.22 in Rainbow and Illpa, respectively. These moderate-to-medium values suggest that, in addition to ABA signaling, other causes for stomatal closure in quinoa under drought such as hydraulic regulation may play a role. In conclusion, this work showed that two quinoa cultivars use different strategies in the face of water deficit stress, and these prevent decreases in grain yield and quality under drought conditions.

Factors Affecting Germination of Citronmelon (Citrullus lanatusvar.citroides)

Weed Science ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Analiza Henedina M. Ramirez ◽  
Amit J. Jhala ◽  
Megh Singh
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Dark Condition ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Citrus Orchards ◽  
Favorable Weather ◽  
Effect Of Light

Citron melon is a monoecious, hairy annual vine commonly found in citrus orchards, and cotton and peanut fields. Information is not available on the effect of various environmental factors on the germination of citron melon. Laboratory and greenhouse experiments were carried out in 2011 and 2012 to determine the effect of light, temperature, salinity, pH, simulated water stress, and depth of sowing on the germination of citron melon. Citron melon germination was affected by various environmental factors. Highest germination was observed at day/night temperatures of 25/20 to 30/25 C regardless of light conditions. At temperatures below 25 C and beyond 35 C, germination declined and was higher under dark condition than light. Germination decreased as osmotic potential became more negative (−0.3 MPa to −1.5 MPa) and salt concentration increased (50 to 350 mM). No germination was observed at > −0.9 MPa and ≥ 300 mM salt concentrations. However, germination was observed over a broad range of pH (3 to 9) and up to 10-cm sowing depths. Seeds sown at the surface did not germinate but maximum germination (88 to 96%) occurred at 2- to 4-cm depth. The results of this study suggest that citron melon can grow in a wide range of climatic conditions and therefore can persist in Florida because of favorable weather and environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Influence of medium and growth regulators on callogenesis of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and effect of hydrous stress induced by P.E.G 6000 on the callus

2017 ◽  
pp. 01-09 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalel Telahigue ◽  
Lamjed Toumi
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Resistant Cell ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Metabolic Parameter ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
The Media

The induction and growth of quinoa’s callus depend on several factors, including the culture medium and the nature of the growth hormone and its dose. In effect, the best callogenesis rates were obtained with the media MS and B5 with respect to the media WHITE and KNOP the callogenesis is too low or zero. The best combination used was 0.2 BA + 2.4 D give well-developed callus. To obtain water-stress resistant cell lines, the effect of water stress induced by polyethylene glycol (P.E.G 6000) on the growth, osmotic potential and metabolic parameter of Chenopodium quinoa callus was studied. Applied water stress showed a reduction in the growth of stressed callus compared to the control. The presence of PEG in the culture medium caused a decrease in the content of fresh matter as well as the dry matter content compared to the control. Water stress also significantly affected the water parameters of calluses. The chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids content decreased, but this decrease is not too pronounced.

scholarly journals WATER STRESS ON DIFFERENT GROWING STAGES FOR QUINOA (Chenopodium quinoa willd) AND ITS INFLEUNCE ON WATER REQUIRIMENTS AND YIELD

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 953-966
Author(s):  
Salim & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Treatments

A factorial experiment was conducted within split-split plot design with three replicates. Four genotypes seeds (Regalona, Q-37, KVL-SR2, and Q21) were planted in the sub plots while six water treatments distributed in the main plots. They were ordinary river irrigation (S0), stress at emergence (S1), branching (S2), at ear formation (S3), at flowering (S4), and at maturity (S5). Irrigation water was applied in the normal irrigation when 50-60% of the available water was depleted and one irrigation was omitted from the water stress treatments. Reference and actual evapotranspiration, pan evaporation, yield, crop coefficient, and water use efficiency were calculated. Mean irrigation requirement for the four genotypes based on irrigation scheduling was 230.8 mm, decreased by 14 and 17% under stress conditions of the drought tolerant stages. Grain yield ranged between 3.1 and 5 Mg ha-1 for water stress treatments compared to 5.6 and 4.2 mg. ha-1 for normal irrigation treatments. Genotype Q21 gave the highest yield and differed significantly from others. Field water use efficiency ranged between 1.6 to 1.1 kg m-3 and crop water use efficiency 1.38 to 2.22 kg m-3. KVL-SR2 and Q21 showed the highest efficiency (1.87 kg m-3). Results indicated that the stage of ear formation and flowering are the most tolerant to water stress. On the other hand, the branching, and maturity were critical stages with high reduction in yield under stress conditions.  

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