Irrigation with ionized brackish water affects cotton yield and water use efficiency

2022 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 114244
Author(s):  
Kai Wei ◽  
Jihong Zhang ◽  
Quanjiu Wang ◽  
Yi Guo ◽  
Weiyi Mu
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Improving Water Use Efficiency through Reduced Irrigation for Sustainable Cotton Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 4044
Author(s):  
Hafiz Shahzad Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Fiaz Ahmad ◽  
Shah Rukh ◽  
Rao Muhammad Ikram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Available Water Content ◽  
Use Efficiency

The socio-economic development of a country is highly dependent on water availability. Nowadays, increasing water scarcity is a major global challenge. Continuing improvements in water-use efficiency are essential for cotton production sustainability. Reduced irrigation in cotton could be a solution to water shortage in the arid climate without compromising the cotton yield. Therefore, a two-year field study was conducted to assess the effect of two levels of irrigation i.e., 50% and 100% of available water content (AWC) on the yield of four cotton genotypes (CIM-678, CIM-343, CRIS-613, and CYTO-510). The maximum seed cotton yield was observed in CIM-678, which was 2.31 and 2.46 Mg ha−1 under 100% AWC during 2018 and 2019, respectively, and was non-significantly reduced by 7.7 and 8.94%, owing to deficit irrigation. The maximum water use efficiency (WUE) of 0.55 and 0.64 Kg ha−1 mm−1 was observed under 50% AWC in CIM-678, which was significantly higher than WUE at 100% AWC during both years. Leaf area index and physiological parameters such as photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance were not significantly affected by deficit irrigation. So, it was concluded that the reduced irrigation technique performed well without significant yield loss, improve WUE, and saved 37 cm of water that could be used for other crops or to increase the area of the cotton crop.

Effect on Soil Properties and Maize Growth by Alternate Irrigation with Brackish Water

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 485-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingyi Huang ◽  
Zhanyu Zhang ◽  
Zhuping Sheng ◽  
Chengli Zhu ◽  
Yaming Zhai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Maize Growth ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
Use Efficiency

Abstract. With growing competition for freshwater by industrialization and urbanization, brackish water irrigation has been increasingly used for agricultural production. One of major concerns is the accumulation of salt and its impacts on soil properties and crop yield. If properly managed, alternate irrigation with brackish and freshwater might alleviate the adverse impacts of salt on soil physicochemical properties and plant growth. To exploit proper alternate irrigation to minimize such impacts, a maize pot experiment was conducted at three stages (seedling, jointing and tasseling, and after tasseling) with three alternate irrigation methods (BFF: brackish-fresh-fresh, FBF: fresh-brackish-fresh, and FFB: fresh-fresh-brackish) and with three salinities (1.69, 4.81, and 7.94 dS m-1), respectively. The results show that compared to freshwater irrigation, alternate irrigation with high-salinity brackish water increased soil electrical conductivity by 4.1% to 207.4% and reduced soil infiltration rate by 19.2% to 51.9%. The adverse impacts were more prominent in FBF and FFB than in BFF due to the higher proportions of brackish water in FBF and FFB. High-salinity brackish water also caused salt stress on maize growth and decreased evapotranspiration, relative water content, intrinsic water use efficiency, and electron transport rate by 6.6% to 30.6%, 2.1% to 10.2%, 7.3% to 17.9%, and 7.2% to 39.6%, respectively, leading to reduced growth and productivity. The salt stress was more pronounced in BFF and FBF than in FFB because maize is more salt-sensitive during the vegetative stage. Overall, brackish water irrigation at the jointing and tasseling stage (FBF) caused the most severe impacts on both soil and maize, so freshwater is advocated at this stage. In BFF, due to sufficient freshwater irrigation at later stages, slightly saline irrigation can be applied at the seedling stage without evident adverse effects. Higher-salinity brackish water was used successfully in the after-tasseling stage (FFB), although salt leaching by off-season rainfall was needed after harvest for sustainable production. Keywords: Crop yield, Saline water, Salt stress, Soil salinity, Water use efficiency.

scholarly journals COTTON RESPONSE TO WATER DEFICITS AT DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 980-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOÃO HENRIQUE ZONTA ◽  
ZIANY NEIVA BRANDÃO ◽  
JOSIANE ISABELA DA SILVA RODRIGUES ◽  
VALDINEI SOFIATTI
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Water Suppression ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Water Deficits ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Use Efficiency

ABSTRACT Water deficit at certain cotton growth stages can cause severe damage to crop development, affecting physiological processes and reducing reproductive structures, with consequent yield losses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of cotton cultivars under water deficit applied at different stages of the crop cycle. We compared the number of bolls per meter, cotton yield, and water use efficiency for eight different cotton cultivars under a water deficit of 15 days. We selected the following growth stages: Emergence (EM), First Square (FS), First Flower (FL), Peak Bloom (PB), and First Open Boll (FOB). The control treatment was irrigated with 100% ETc. The experiment was conducted in Apodi, RN State of Brazil, semiarid region, using a sprinkler irrigation system. The number of bolls per meter, cotton yield, and water use efficiency were influenced by the interaction of cultivars x deficit periods. Lowest values were observed for water suppression in the FL and PB stages. When the water deficit was imposed in the initial stages of growth (EM to FS) or after the FOB stage, the cotton yield reduction was not significant. At the same stage and water deficit, the behavior of the different cultivars was similar. Producers are urged to take this information into account when developing irrigation schemes for cotton crops, thereby avoiding water deficits during the most critical periods of the crop cycle.

scholarly journals Salt Leaching with Brackish Water during Growing Season Improves Cotton Growth and Productivity, Water Use Efficiency and Soil Sustainability in Southern Xinjiang

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 2602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Xiao ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
Junliang Fan ◽  
Fucang Zhang ◽  
Yi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Irrigation Amount ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Salt Distribution ◽  
Irrigation Levels ◽  
Southern Xinjiang

Low water use efficiency and soil salinization are two main factors limiting cotton production in southern Xinjiang. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of brackish water irrigation levels on cotton growth, yield and soil water–salt dynamics in southern Xinjiang, so as to provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the development and utilization of brackish water. There were three irrigation levels: W1 (75 mm + 80%ETc), W2 (150 mm + 80%ETc) and W3 (240 mm + 80%ETc) at the seeding stage (S1), seeding stage + budding stage (S2) and seeding stage + budding stage + flowering stage (S3), with an irrigation amount of 450 mm during spring as the CK (the local reference level) (10 treatments in total). The salt of the local brackish water used was 3 g·L−1. Film-mulched drip irrigation experiments were conducted to observe cotton growth, aboveground dry matter, cotton yield, soil water and salt distribution, as well as other indicators. The results showed that the irrigation applications of S3 can improve the soil moisture and salt distribution of the root zone. The salt accumulation at the harvest stage of W3S3 was reduced by 39.5% and 2.8% compared with W3S1 and W3S2, respectively. More frequent irrigation applications can reduce a soil’s total dissolved solids (TDS), avoid exceeding the salt tolerance threshold of 4.8 g kg−1 and lead to higher aboveground dry matter and cotton yields. W3S3 obtained the highest yield of 5685 kg ha−1, which was increased by 39.59%, 7.85% and 11.25% compared with W3S1, W3S2 and CK, respectively. The higher the irrigation amount, the less water use efficiency (WUE), following the order of S3 > S2 > S1 > CK at various growth stages. W3S1 obtained the lowest WUE of 0.64 kg·m−3. Comprehensively considering the effects of soil moisture retention and salt suppression, cotton growth, yield and water use efficiency, an irrigation amount of 240 mm brackish water at three growth stages, with 80%ETc for irrigation, is recommended for the sustainable production of cotton in southern Xinjiang.

scholarly journals Yield of cotton cultivars under different irrigation depths in the Brazilian semi-arid region

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 748-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
João H. Zonta ◽  
José R. C. Bezerra ◽  
Valdinei Sofiatti ◽  
Ziany N. Brandão
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

<title>ABSTRACT</title><p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of irrigation depths on seed cotton yield and water-use efficiency of cotton cultivars in the Brazilian semi-arid region. Field experiment was conducted during two consecutive years in the Apodi region, RN, using sprinkler irrigation. The experiment consisted of factorial combination in split-plots, composed of four irrigation depths (130; 100; 70 and 40% ETc and four cotton cultivars - FiberMax 993, BRS 286, BRS 336 and BRS 335), in randomized block design with 4 replicates. Data were evaluated by mean test (Tukey) and regression analysis. Considering the irrigation depths of 40% ETc, cotton yield was 48% lower compared to the higher irrigation depth (130% ETc). The higher water-use efficiency (0.69 kg m<sup>-3</sup>) was obtained with 70% ETc irrigation depth. The highest seed cotton yield was achieved with the higher water depth for all evaluated cultivars. Yield response factor (Ky) was equal to 0.632, 0.711, 0.784 and 0.858, for FiberMax 993, BRS 286, BRS 335 and BRS 336 cultivars, respectively. FiberMax 993 and BRS 286 cultivars presented the best performance, showing that they are more suitable for irrigated farming in the semi-arid region.</p>

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