27.5 A REALLY BIG DEAL: POPULATION-LEVEL TESTING OF EARLY UNIVERSAL PUBLIC-HEALTH PREVENTION OF PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS IN THE UNITED STATES

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. S42
Author(s):  
Dennis D. Embry
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Population Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Prevention

scholarly journals Bridging the Gap between Science and Law: The Example of Tobacco Regulatory Science

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (S1) ◽  
pp. 95-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micah L. Berman ◽  
Annice E. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Population Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Water Fluoridation ◽  
Average Life ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
The Past

In the 20th century, public health was responsible for most of the 30-year increase in average life expectancy in the United States.1 Most of the significant advances in public health (e.g., vaccinations, water fluoridation) required the combined effort of scientists and attorneys. Scientists identified public health threats and the means of controlling them, but attorneys and policymakers helped convert those scientific discoveries into laws that could change the behavior of industries or individuals at a population level. In tobacco control, public health scientists made the groundbreaking discovery that smoking caused lung cancer, but attorneys and policymakers developed and implemented the policies and litigation strategies that helped reduce smoking rates by more than half over the past 50 years.

Preparing for SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines in US Immigrant Communities: Strategies for Allocation, Distribution, and Communication

2020 ◽  
pp. e1-e5
Author(s):  
Eva H. Clark ◽  
Karla Fredricks ◽  
Laila Woc-Colburn ◽  
Maria Elena Bottazzi ◽  
Jill Weatherhead
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Population Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Immigrant Communities ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Government ◽  
Control And Prevention

Widely administered efficacious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines are the safest and most efficient way to achieve individual- and population-level immunity, making SARS-CoV-2 vaccination the most viable strategy for controlling the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the United States. To this end, the US government has invested more than $10 billion in “Operation Warp Speed,” a public-private partnership including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the US Department of Defense. Operation Warp Speed funded the development of several SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and aimed to deliver 300 million doses of a vaccine by the ambitious date of January 2021. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print December 22, 2020: e1–e5. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.306047 )

scholarly journals Inaccuracy of Official Estimates of Public Health Spending in the United States, 2000–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (S2) ◽  
pp. S194-S196
Author(s):  
Jonathon P. Leider ◽  
Beth Resnick ◽  
J. Mac McCullough ◽  
Y. Natalia Alfonso ◽  
David Bishai
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Health Spending ◽  
Population Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Public Health Activity ◽  
Data Coding ◽  
Public Health Spending

Objectives. To examine the accuracy of official estimates of governmental health spending in the United States. Methods. We coded approximately 2.7 million administrative spending records from 2000 to 2018 for public health activities according to a standardized Uniform Chart of Accounts produced by the Public Health Activities and Services Tracking project. The official US Public Health Activity estimate was recalculated using updated estimates from the data coding. Results. Although official estimates place governmental public health spending at more than $93 billion (2.5% of total spending on health), detailed examination of spending records from state governments shows that official estimates include substantial spending on individual health care services (e.g., behavioral health) and that actual spending on population-level public health activities is more likely between $35 billion and $64 billion (approximately 1.5% of total health spending). Conclusions. Clarity in understanding of public health spending is critical for characterizing its value proposition. Official estimates are likely tens of billions of dollars greater than actual spending. Public Health Implications. Precise and clear spending estimates are material for policymakers to accurately understand the effect of their resource allocation decisions.

scholarly journals Survey of Adherence with COVID-19 Prevention Behaviors During the 2020 Thanksgiving and Winter Holidays Among Members of the COVID-19 Community Research Partnership

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Peacock ◽  
David M. Herrington ◽  
Sharon L. Edelstein ◽  
Austin L. Seals ◽  
Ian D. Plumb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Syndromic Surveillance ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Research ◽  
Health Prevention ◽  
Research Partnership ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
Household Members

AbstractPrevention behaviors represent important public health tools to limit spread of SARS-CoV-2. Adherence with recommended public health prevention behaviors among 20000 + members of a COVID-19 syndromic surveillance cohort from the mid-Atlantic and southeastern United States was assessed via electronic survey following the 2020 Thanksgiving and winter holiday (WH) seasons. Respondents were predominantly non-Hispanic Whites (90%), female (60%), and ≥ 50 years old (59%). Non-household members (NHM) were present at 47.1% of Thanksgiving gatherings and 69.3% of WH gatherings. Women were more likely than men to gather with NHM (p < 0.0001). Attending gatherings with NHM decreased with older age (Thanksgiving: 60.0% of participants aged < 30 years to 36.3% aged ≥ 70 years [p-trend < 0.0001]; WH: 81.6% of those < 30 years to 61.0% of those ≥ 70 years [p-trend < 0.0001]). Non-Hispanic Whites were more likely to gather with NHM than were Hispanics or non-Hispanic Blacks (p < 0.0001). Mask wearing, reported by 37.3% at Thanksgiving and 41.9% during the WH, was more common among older participants, non-Hispanic Blacks, and Hispanics when gatherings included NHM. In this survey, most people did not fully adhere to recommended public health safety behaviors when attending holiday gatherings. It remains unknown to what extent failure to observe these recommendations may have contributed to the COVID-19 surges observed following Thanksgiving and the winter holidays in the United States.

Can increases in Twitter posts predict increases in cumulative incidence of COVID-19 in the United States? Evidence that social media can inform epidemic surveillance. (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruoyan Sun ◽  
Henna Budhwani
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Education Attainment ◽  
Public Health Systems ◽  
Per Capita

BACKGROUND Though public health systems are responding rapidly to the COVID-19 pandemic, outcomes from publicly available, crowd-sourced big data may assist in helping to identify hot spots, prioritize equipment allocation and staffing, while also informing health policy related to “shelter in place” and social distancing recommendations. OBJECTIVE To assess if the rising state-level prevalence of COVID-19 related posts on Twitter (tweets) is predictive of state-level cumulative COVID-19 incidence after controlling for socio-economic characteristics. METHODS We identified extracted COVID-19 related tweets from January 21st to March 7th (2020) across all 50 states (N = 7,427,057). Tweets were combined with state-level characteristics and confirmed COVID-19 cases to determine the association between public commentary and cumulative incidence. RESULTS The cumulative incidence of COVID-19 cases varied significantly across states. Ratio of tweet increase (p=0.03), number of physicians per 1,000 population (p=0.01), education attainment (p=0.006), income per capita (p = 0.002), and percentage of adult population (p=0.003) were positively associated with cumulative incidence. Ratio of tweet increase was significantly associated with the logarithmic of cumulative incidence (p=0.06) with a coefficient of 0.26. CONCLUSIONS An increase in the prevalence of state-level tweets was predictive of an increase in COVID-19 diagnoses, providing evidence that Twitter can be a valuable surveillance tool for public health.

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